Wannan nau'in begonia (low 40 cm) ya fito daga wurare masu zafi na Brazil, inda babu sanyi da dusar ƙanƙara, don haka furanni suna da zarafi su bunƙasa a can a cikin shekara.
M, dogon lokaci, thermophilic da unpretentious wani dan kasar Brazil ya dade yana jin dadin masu shayarwa.
A halin yanzu, yawancin begonia iri-iri ne ko da yaushe flowering, ciki har da waɗanda resistant zuwa yanayi zazzabi na wani sanyi rani na tsakiyar bel.
Irin wannan iri haɓaka kamar shekara-shekara, girma su a cikin gida, sa'an nan kuma dasa su a cikin ƙasa bude a spring, lokacin da barazanar sanyi ya wuce.
Lokacin da aka cire tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na kaka.
Abubuwan da aka tanadar da kyau sunyi kyau, wanda zai zama tushen cututtuka don harbe na kakar rani na gaba, ana aikawa don shakatawa mai dumi.
- Wadannan nau'o'in ƙirar sunaye sun fi dacewa da irin wannan gonar:
- Alba - tsayi, har zuwa 40 cm, yadawa, tare da koreren launi mai launin fata da furanni masu furanni, haɗuwa a kungiyoyi 12.
- Kate Teicher - tsiro har zuwa 40 cm, tsire-tsire suna laka da ja. Inflorescences su ne ja, goma sha uku furanni.
- Carmen - matsakaici tsayi (25 cm) iri-iri da duhu, mai launi-launin ruwan kasa da launin furanni, haɗuwa cikin shida.
- Othello - 25-centimeter mai tushe ne mai haske Scandal furanni, blooming mai yawa.
- Albert Martin - iri-iri (15 cm) iri-iri, rassan kore tare da iyakar ja. Ana hada furanni masu launin hatsi masu launin fure a cikin rassa tara. A daya shuka, har zuwa 55 furanni lokaci guda bayyana.
- Bella - ƙananan (19 cm), da aka yi wa ado tare da koren ganye, wanda aka yi da ja da ruwan hoda mai launin furanni tara. Furen furanni 140 na iya shuka a lokaci guda.
- Bicola - iri guda (13 cm) iri-iri tare da koren furanni da furanni masu furanni tare da iyakar ruwan hoda, wanda aka rukuni a kungiyoyi hudu.
Duk da haka, har ma da yawancin "iri-iri" iri suna girma a cikin al'ada.
Kulawa na gida
Haskewa
Hasken haske yana buƙatar. Mafi haske zai kasance windows suna fuskantar gabas ko kudu maso yamma. A kan windows na arewaci, da kuma a cikin kakar gajeren hasken rana, don "har abada flowering", yana da muhimmanci a haskaka - sabõda haka, haske zamani ne 16 hours a kowace rana. A gefen kudu da kudu maso gabas, ana iya bukatar shading - musamman ma a lokacin zafi.
Zazzabi
Mafi yawan zazzabi duk shekara - daga 20 zuwa 25 digiri.
Yadda za a ajiye begonia har ya yi girma a cikin hunturu?
Idan begonia semiperflorens a lokacin hunturu yana dauke da wani ɗan gajeren rana, kana buƙatar canza shi zuwa yanayin hutawa - dauke da zafin jiki na digiri 12 zuwa 15, amma ba ƙananan ba: yanayin zafi + 12ºY yana da mahimmanci don shuke-shuke na wurare masu asali.
Ground
Babu bukatun musamman na kasar gona: dole ne ya kasance kadan acid, adadi mai kyau, nutritious, tare da mai kyau iska da kuma danshi permeability.
Zai iya amfani ƙasa a shirye don begonias, ko gonar lambu tare da kashi mai kyau na perlite ko vermiculite, kazalika da shirya cakuda daidai sassa na ƙasa mai laushi, humus da yashi.
Saukowa
Akwati don saukowa watakila maimakon fadi da zurfi (tsire-tsire na tushen ci gaba a farfajiyar ƙasa), tare da wajibi ramin tsawa. Tun da yake damun ruwa ba shi da kyau, yana da kyau a zabi abu mai laushi kayan shafawa ba tare da ci gaba da zane ba.
A kasan akwati dole ne Layer Layer ƙananan pebbles ko fadada yumbu, sa'annan an zuba karamin dutse a kan ƙasa, wanda yafi mahimman tsari da aka sanya shi kuma an haɗa shi da ƙasa a matakin da ake so, a hankali yana karfafa shi.
A cikin akwati daya zaka iya shuka shuke-shuke da dama kusa kusa da juna - tare da mafi yawan abincin abinci na 10x10 cm ga kowane.
Tashi
Transplanted yayin da kake girma: samfurin samari mafi sau da yawa, balagaguwa ba sau da yawa, don maye gurbin dashi tare da sabuntawa na musamman na farfajiyar ƙasa a cikin tukunya. A wannan yanayin, a matsayin mai mulkin, tsoffin tsire-tsire sun rasa kayan ado kuma an maye gurbinsu da matasan girma daga cuttings.
Watering
Shayar matsakaici da safe ko maraice. A daidai wannan lokacin, babban manufar shine don hana ƙasa da tushen tsarin daga bushewa daga ƙasa ko ƙasa.
Tsakanin watering m, ba ruwan sanyi ba kasar gona ya bushe kaɗan.
Air iska
Dole a kula da yanayi high zafikama da ƙananan yankuna, amma Gudanar da tazarar daji ba kyau ba ganye ko furanni: sun bayyana duhu aibobi.
Ya kamata fesa ruwa a kusa da begonias, ko sanya kusa da tasoshin tasoshin da ruwa, sanya tukunya a kan tudu tare da pebbles moistened.
Top dressing
Ciyar da shuka sau ɗaya a wata wani rauni bayani na ma'adinai da takin mai magani tare da dan kadan rage nitrogen bangaren. Potassium da phosphorus, wajibi ne don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, dole ne su kasance a cikakke.
Idan wintering begonias taba flowering dumi da haskeciyar kar a daina.
Girma da kuma pruning
Wannan nau'in ba ya girma sama 40cm, amma ƙaddarawa - musamman bayan hunturu - ana gudanar: An cire raguwa da yawa, masu rauni suna cire.
Tare da fitarwa na spring, cuttings kuma za a iya shirya vegetative yaduwa.
Flowering
Mai yiwuwa, "semperflorens" yana iya canzawa a kowane lokaci, yana nuna sabo da sabuwar, terry da sauƙi tare da dukan wurare masu zafi na wurare masu zafi, ƙananan nau'o'i na nau'o'i daban-daban, haɗuwa da haɗuwa: daga fararen kirki da mai taushi ga jan duhu.
Babban tabbacin wannan abin al'ajabi mai banmamaki yana ba da haske, matsanancin zafi da damshi - duka a cikin ƙasa da cikin iska.
Kiwo
Begonia taba furewa vegetatively - cuttings da tsaba.
To kula da launin furanni da kuma canza launin furanni na terrybukatar buƙata kawai yaduwar vegetative.
Sake haifar da cutarwa
Amfani spring da rani cuttings game da 10 cm tsawo, wanda akwai 2-3 nau'i-nau'i na ganye. An cire sassan, an cire kananan ganye.
Zaka iya amfani da tsumburan cututtuka a cikin ruwa, aiwatar da sassan ƙananan tare da tushen samfurori masu tasowa, ko nan da nan dasa su a ƙasa mai ƙasa tare da ƙarin ƙarin yashi.
Dasa murfin tare da filastik filastik, kiyaye dumi (+22-25ºOD), iska da kuma moisturize.
Bayan kafawar tushen tsarin da kuma samuwar sabon harbe (kimanin a cikin watan), ana amfani da cututtuka a cikin kwantena daban tare da cakudawar ƙasa.
Tsarin iri
Ana amfani da wannan hanya don girma seedlings a cikin ƙasa, a cikin shekara guda.
A karshen hunturu An sanya kananan tsaba a kan ƙasa na cakudawar ƙasa, wadda aka yayyafa da ruwa, an rufe shi da fim na filastik, dagewa, ana kiyaye shi a 22-25ºOD kuma haske mai kyau.
Harbe bayyana bayan makonni 2-3.
Bayan kammalawar biyu ko uku gaskiya ganye Kwayoyi suna nutsewa a hankali rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa 17-18ºС kuma iyaka ƙayyadaddun.
Yayin da suka girma, suna zaune. Gudun ruwa zai iya farawa tun farkon shekaru 12 zuwa 20.
Alamun matsala
A ganye juya kodadde harbe miƙa - sakamakon rashin haske, musamman ma a cikin hunturu. Wajibi ne don samar da yanayin haske mafi kyau, don tsara haske a cikin tsawon gajeren hasken rana.
A tsanani na flowering rage-rage - Haske mai haske da matsanancin zafi. Kayan yana bukatar shading da airing.
A gefuna da ganye juya launin ruwan kasa da bushe - iska mai bushe da overheating. Wajibi don hasken rana ta hasken rana ya kamata a iyakance kuma an yi amfani da iska a ƙasƙantar da shi.
Buds fall, flower buds bushe - rashin iska mai zafi. Wajibi ne don tsaftace shi.
Begonia saukad da furanni - wannan yana faruwa tare da sauyawa mai sauƙi a zazzabi da zafi; za a iya kiyaye shi a cikin sabon samfuri ko kuma samfurin da aka cire shi da sauri - a matsayin maganin tashin hankali, wanda ya faru yayin da ya dace da sababbin yanayi, idan sun hadu da bukatun shuka.
Bar kuma mai tushe ya juya baki - yawanci a cikin samfurori na frostbitten da suke girma a cikin ƙasa. Zaɓi m, mai ƙarfi bushes, dashi su cikin tukwane da kuma canja wuri zuwa dakin dumi.
Cututtuka da kwari na har abada flowering begonias
Kuskuren kulawa da farko stagnation ko rashin danshi a cikin ƙasaya raunana shuka kuma ya jawo shan kashi powdery mildew. A wannan yanayin, kana buƙatar inganta watering da aiwatar da begonia. masu fadi.
Haɗuwa da high zafi da kuma low zazzabi yana kaiwa zuwa ci gaba tushe ko ganye rot.
Idan tsarin ya fara ne kawai, ya kamata ku inganta halin zafin jiki da zafi da sauri kuma cire sassan lalacewa.
Idan aka yi nasara sosai, dole ne ka kaddamar da cututtuka, ka yanke daga harbe mai kyau, ka kuma kiyaye su a cikin yanayi masu dacewa, ka rabu da sauran tsire-tsire.
Begonia zai iya kai hari whitefly, thrips da garkuwa. A matsayin ma'auni na farko, yi amfani da cire kwari tare da auduga swab tsoma cikin barasa, ko magani tare da mafitaccen bayani. Mafi tasiri magani na kwaro - tsarin kwari.
A ciki tare da iska mai sauƙi, inda dumi da haske a duk shekara, begonia kullum flowering (Begonia semperflorens) cikakken ya tabbatar da sunan mai albarka promenade, kusan ba tare da dakatar da samar da kuma inganta flower flower a duk hudu yanayi.
Hotuna
Bayan haka, zaku iya ganin hotuna na dasawa da kulawa gida don Abokan Begonia na har abada:
