Masu shayarwa na Rasha da ke aiki tare da amfanin gona na pear a cikin shekarun sun haifar da kyawawan iyali da kowane irin nau'i-nau'i.
A nan da kuma "Forest Beauty", da "Michurinsk Beauty", da kuma "Rashanci", da sauran irin abubuwan dake kama da juna, sau da yawa suna nuna wurin haihuwa da girma.
Pear ba wuri na karshe a wannan rukuni ba. "Samara Beauty", bayanin da hoto wanda za ka ga kasa.
Kamar alama sun haɗa da mulkin "zinare" - a gefe guda, girbinsa ba sa yin tsayin daka da jira don gourmets mai cin gashin kai, kuma a daya, inji yana da isasshen lokaci don samun lokaci don ciyar da zafi mai zafi da tsananan ruwa.
Wani irin pears yana nufin?
A kan precocity, wanda kayyade daidai lokaci na 'ya'yan itace ripening, pear "Samara Beauty" suna cikin nau'in farkon kaka 'ya'yan itace.
Yawancin lokaci, balagawar da ba ta iya cirewa daga 'ya'yan itacen da aka ƙayyade yakan faru (a baya bayan ƙarshen budding da flowering flowering) a farkon rabin watan Satumba.
Kwayoyin tsire-tsire sun hada da Svetlyanka, Svarog, Otradnenskaya, Pamyati Yakovleva da Tema.
Bayan girbi 'ya'yan itacen za a iya adana shi cikin wuri mai sanyi da bushe fiye da wata daya. A cikin yanayin saurin rayuwa Pears zai iya ci gaba sosai.
Game da farkon wannan bishiyar, wato, shekarun shigar da shuka a cikin saituka, iri-iri "Samara Beauty" ita ce al'adar 'ya'yan itace.
Bisa ga fassarar "fasfo" na rayuwa, wanda ya fi girma ko žaramar karuwa muhimmanci yawan amfanin ƙasa ta bada 5-6 shekara ta rayuwar (kuma ba bayan dasa shuki da sapling).
Bayan kai ga yanayin da aka ƙayyade a ƙarƙashin yanayin hawan gwaninta mai kyau da kuma kulawa sosai Ana haifar da 'ya'yan itatuwa a kan masana'antu a kowace shekara.
Iyakar Memory of Zhegalov, Yakovlevskaya, Hera, Lada da Nursery kuma na iya kawo kyakkyawan girbi.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
Yawan nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i ne a yankin tsakiyar Volga. An ci gaba da la'akari da yanayin hawan gine-ginen da ake yi na wannan ɓangare na Rasha, wanda, a ra'ayin masana da yawa, ya dace da aikin ci gaban aikin lambu.
Za'a gudanar da zaɓin sabon nau'i na masu bincike na jihar Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Noma da Magungunan Lafiya "Zhiguli Gardens" (yankin Samara) S. Kedrin, A. Kuznetsov, T. Kedrin.
Domin samun sabon samfurin asali na pear, an riga an ketare nau'i-nau'in nau'in nau'i mai nau'i "Golden Kuɗi" (iyaye biyu - iri "Nasara" kuma "Fields") tare da pear "Datti" (iyaye biyu - Aleksandrovka kuma "Klapp ya fi so").
A shekara ta 2006, an haɗa sabon nau'i a cikin Ƙasar Varietal na Ƙasar tare da rarraba yankin a yankin tsakiyar yankin Volga (Samara yankin).
A lokacin da ake horar da pears "Samara Beauty" a cikin wannan yankin na musamman, shayarwa suna tabbatar da abin da ke cikin wannan nau'in. dandani da matakin yawan aiki.
A cikin wannan yanki, irin wannan Cathedral, Krasnobokaya, Elena, Vernaya da Victoria na da kyau.
Description iri-iri Samara Beauty
Pear "Samara Beauty" yana da wadannan siffofi masu rarrabe:
Tree
Kullum halin matsakaicin ko sama da girman (Wasu masanan sunyi la'akari da tsayin dakawar itace a matsayin rashin hasara).
Mutum yakan kai iyakar girmansa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokacin. Tree haushi rufe da haushi a launin toka-kore ya dage.
Krone, rassan. A itace na Samara Beauty iri-iri a kan lokaci Forms leafy kambi na taso keya (yawanci na mara) siffar. Babban reshe ya fito daga cikin akwati a kusurwa kusa da kusurwar dama.
Bugu da ƙari, mazan da tsire-tsire ya zama, rassan sun zama ƙuƙuwa. A cikin rassan rassan, farin ciki na farko shine launin launin toka. Kore ba ya jin tsoron hasken rana.
Harbe. Elongated harbe na launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa an kafa akan itace. Cranked, karfi sosai harbe ya rubuta rauni rauni.
Yawancin lokaci ana samuwa a kan itace mai tsabta sosai, tare da iyakokin sama. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana lura da 'ya'yan itace a kan mashi da ƙuƙwalwa.
Bar. Ci gaba daga buds, halin da ake ciki a tsawon lokaci. Gudun ganye sun samo hasken haske na kore. Jiki na matsakaici-sized yana elongated. Alamar takaddun Slag din a tsakiya.
Inflorescences Flowering itace iri "Samara Beauty" an kiyasta a matsayin daga baya.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
Akwai biyu matsakaici da manyan pears. A kan tsire-tsire masu girma 'ya'yan itace masu yawan gaske sukan karu matsakaicin nauyin nauyi shine 140-190 g.
Duk da haka, tare da yanayin sanyi mai mahimmanci da kuma yanayin yanayi na yanayi ne aka rubuta yin la'akari har zuwa 350 g 'Ya'yan itatuwa suna da nauyin siffar "pear" classic, ko kuma wani nau'i mai suna "kwalban".
"Samara Beauty" asymmetry ne wani lokacin halaye. Idan a lokacin girbi mai girma, matsakaici kauri kwasfa ne mai launin rawaya-kore, to, ta hanyar karshe maturation a kan m matte rawaya surface wani hali diffuse m-launin ruwan kasa ja bayyana.
Ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan cututtuka na launin ruwan kasa-launin kore suna a bayyane a bayyane akan fata.
A lokaci guda nama na wannan pear yana da fari kuma yana da mahimmanci. Da wannan ta Daidaitawa zai iya zama wani abu mai wuya.
A cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara a cikin ɗigon tsuntsaye mai laushi, launin toka-launin ruwan kasa-mai launin ruwan sanyi-mai siffar tsaba. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun ci gaba da elongated, ƙwallon ƙafa mai tsayi.
Hotuna
Halaye
Tsarin bishiyoyi "Samara Beauty" ya bambanta Shekaru na shekara-shekara, yana farawa daga shekara ta 5-6 na rayuwarta. A lokaci guda kowace shekara pear ƙara yawan aiki.
Wannan kari yana ba lambu damar girbi girbi mai kyau. Musamman, a cewar kididdigar agronomical, wata shuka ta wannan nau'in a cikin shekara ta 7 na iya nunawa Ya kai kashi 30-35 na 'ya'yan itace daga itace.
Kuma tsarin 'ya'yan itace shine irin wannan na dogon lokaci suna riƙe da kayayyaki masu daraja (kasuwa). Saboda haka, a matsayin mai mulkin, waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa ba su da wata matsala tare da aiwatarwa a cikin sakin kaya.
Da yake jawabi game da dandano mafi yawancin 'ya'yan itace, an lura da shi a nan furci ƙanshi tare da m. Dangane da yanayin tsabta, Samara Beauty pears na iya zama mai kyau ko mai gamsarwa. Bisa ga ma'auni 5 na dandanawa na 'ya'yan itatuwa, wannan An kiyasta al'ada a 3.8-4.1 maki.
Abin sha'awa mai mahimmanci kuma ya nuna shi ta wurin pears Moskvichka, Lel, Rogneda, Talgar Beauty da Fairy.
Hanyoyin iri-iri ne na duniya a aikace-aikace mai amfani. Ana iya cinye 'ya'yan itatuwa da sabo da kuma sarrafawa (ƙirarra, karewa, marmalades, jellies, da dai sauransu).
Wani amfani da "Samara Beauty" ita ce high mataki na sanyi juriya. Duk da haka, sassa daban-daban na shuka suna da bambanci sosai ga sanyi. Musamman tare da ragu mai yawa a zazzabi zuwa -35 ° C, 'ya'yan itace za su iya lalacewa.
Gaba ɗaya, za a iya amfani da wannan nau'ikan iri-iri don yin kwanciya da manyan lambuna don moriyar masana'antu.
Yanayin hunturu-hardy sun hada da pears: Duchess, Tonkovetka, Skorospelka daga Michurinsk, Severyanka da Sverdlovchanka.
Dasa da kulawa
Kafin ka fara dasa "Samara Beauty", yana da Dole a zabi mai kyau da kuma hadari wurin don seedling.
Babban mahimmanci a nan, wanda dole ne a tuna - kyakkyawan ingancin 'ya'yan itace na wannan nau'in a nan gaba samar da ƙasa kawai wadda take dauke da ƙwayar ƙasa mara kyau. Ba al'adar mummunar al'adu ba ne tushen da loam.
Kamar sauran sauran al'adu masu zafi, Samara Beauty yana buƙatar cewa filin saukowa ya kasance windless kuma mafi lit da hasken rana.
Kasancewar ingancin ido yakan haifar da gaskiyar cewa 'ya'yan itatuwa na pear sun rasa abun ciki na sukari.
Bugu da kari, da pear "Samara Beauty" ba ya jure wa ƙasa sosai. Idan akwai irin hadarin kuma baza'a iya wucewa ba tilasta tilasta cire yumbura mai yawa daga wurin tasowa. Bada wannan lamari don tabbatar zai haifar da gagarumin rauni na shuka, wanda zai haifar da mutuwarsa.
Bayan an zaba wurin, ya wajaba a bugi saman rami, zurfin abin da yake 1 m, da diamita ne 60-70 cm. Yana da kyawawa sosai cewa rami za a shirya wata mako da rabi kafin sauka. Bayan digging shawarar don zuba turmi a ciki (2 gilashin fluff da guga na ruwa).
Lokacin da aka dasa seedling, shi Ƙaƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar wuyan ƙira ya kamata ta yi mita 5-6 daga ƙasa. Idan ba'a kiyaye saitin nunawa ba, mirgine itacen kuma sake shuka. In ba haka ba itace zai fara daga farkon kuskure.
Bayan da aka shuka shi, sai an rufe tushensa Haɗin ƙasa (ƙasa ta samo asali lokacin da ta kera rami mai saukowa + humus (2 buckets), yashi (2 buckets) da kuma 1 kopin superphosphate)Pristine da'irar an riga an cika rabu da ruwa (2-3 buckets).
Don hana haɓakar ƙasa marar kyau a gangar jikin wani ƙananan bishiyoyi da ƙananan hasara na danshi, wannan An rufe wannan wuri da 2-3 cm Layer na ciyawa hada da bushe humus da sawdust.
Matakan da ya kamata kula da ingancin sun hada da: Ruwa da ruwa na yau da kullum (musamman ma a lokacin rani na rani), kwantar da gonar gonar, gabatarwa da kayan aiki da kayan ma'adinai na zamani, yanyan matakai da kuma rassan bishiyoyi.
"Samara Beauty" ba ta buƙatar kowane matakan tsaro na musamman domin gyaran yanayi a cikin hunturu.
Cututtuka da kwari
Wannan nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i ne na amfanin gona kusan ba ji tsoron manyan cututtukainherent cikin shuke-shuke.
Musamman, "Samara Beauty" ya nuna Kyakkyawan juriya ga irin wannan cutar ta jiki, kamar //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html lefs da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Idan muka bincika dukkanin kaya na iri-iri da aka bayyana, zamu iya cewa "Samara Beauty" na ainihi ne ga masu aikin gona da ke girma a cikin masana'antu.
