Hoya wata shuka ce ta gidan Lastovnev, kuma yana da kimanin nau'i 200. Mafi yawan nau'o'in jinsuna ne: haya meaty, hoya long-leaf da hoya bella.
Hoya yana da kyau - daya daga cikin tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa. Kasashenta sune Pacific Islands, Thailand, Australia da Indiya.
Wannan ƙananan shrub, tare da ƙananan harbe da ƙananan ganye, ana girma ne a matsayin tsire-tsire.
Alamar da bayanin
Sunan daidai don wannan shuka shine Hoya tayi bella. A yanayi, yanayin yanayin zafi na yanayi, shi ne epiphyte. Don girma a gida, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ƙuƙwalwar layi ko tukunyar filastik.
Tushen tushen Hoya karami ne kuma yana da rauni sosai. Don hana tsire-tsire daga mutuwa, za'a dasa shi ne kawai a cikin kwandon kwalliya na 2-3 germs.
Mai tushe hoya yana da ƙananan, mai sauƙi da mai sauƙi, launin toka-kore, tare da tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsalle da ƙananan leafy. Harbe suna da tsawo, fadowa, ba buƙatar tallafi ba. Branching mai tushe girma sosai da sauri, forming manyan fure umbrellas a iyakar harbe.
Bar rhomboid, nuna, kunkuntar, ƙananan (2-4 cm tsawo). Ƙananan gefen ganye ne duhu kore, kuma kasan yana haske, whitish.
Flowers Hoya kyakkyawa mai kyau ne. A siffar, suna kama da tauraron taurari masu launin da kambi mai launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda. Suna girma a cikin ƙaddarar ƙarancin ƙira, umbrellas, 7-9 kwakwalwa.
Kulawa na gida
Wannan itace tsire-tsire mara kyau wanda ba ya buƙatar yanayi na musamman. Kula da shi mai sauqi ne, amma dole ne ku bi wasu dokoki.
Saukowa
Zaka iya sayan shinge, dasa shi, kuma dasa shi a cikin akwati da aka shirya da ƙasa. A lokacin da dasa shuki, an saka magudanar a kasa na tanki, an zuba karamin karamin digon, 2-3 sanya cututtuka kuma yayyafa da karamin adadin ƙasa. Bayan dasa, sprouts ba ruwa na 1-2 days.
Ground
Yana da mahimmanci don sanya madogarar daidai. Zaka iya ɗaukar ƙwayar orchid kuma ƙara kara yashi.
Mutane da yawa masu shuka suna so su shirya ƙasa daga turfy ƙasar, peat, yashi da takin, a cikin wani rabo na 2: 1: 1: 1. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan nau'o'in sun hada kadan da haushi, hawan da gawayi.
Kwan zuma
Hoya Bella ba ta son fure-fadi. Ya kamata a dasa shi a kananan, mai kwantattun kwantena don haka tushen sa kawai. Zaka iya amfani da ƙananan tukwane na filastik, tare da babban ɓangaren ramuka. A ƙasa na tanki dole ne a sanya karamin Layer na malalewa. Yi hankali lokacin da dasa shuki, domin inji yana da guba.
Watering
Ruwa da shuka kamar yadda ƙasa ta bushe. Yana da mahimmanci don kaucewa damuwa da ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi.. A cikin tsawon flowering Bella ruwa a kalla sau uku a mako, da kuma bayan - kawai sau biyu a wata. Ruwa na karewa ko amfani da ruwan sama. Yawan ruwan zafi ya zama digirin digiri fiye da yawan zafin jiki. A cikin hunturu, watering sharply rage.
Air iska
Hoya yana son iska mai iska. A lokacin rani, dole ne a fesa, hana ruwa daga shigar da buds. Bayan wannan hanya, ganye suna shafewa.
Yanayin haske
Hoya yana ƙaunar yawan hasken rana. Amma a tsakar rana, a kudu masoya, injin yana dan kadan pritenyut. A cikin hunturu, duk da haka, hoy yana buƙatar matsakaicin rana.
Yanayin yanayin zafi
Hoya Bella ba ya son zafi.
Ganye ba ya jure wa zane-zane da sauyin canji na kwatsam.
Taki
Feed hoya a lokacin rani amma ba fiye da sau 2-3 a wata ba. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da maganin mai rauni mai mahimmanci na ma'adinai.
Daga wani babban kashi na shuka shuka zai iya mutuwa.
Sabili da haka, tare da rigakafi ya kamata kula.
Gyara bayan sayan
Dole a maye gurbin Hoya Bella nan da nan bayan sayan. A nan gaba, dasa shi ne kawai idan ana buƙata, amma ba sau da yawa fiye da sau ɗaya a kowace shekara uku ba.
Kiwo
Girma kyau Hoya cuttings da layering. Tsarin hoyu ya yadu don samun furanni a farkon shekara bayan dasa. Don yin wannan, a kan tsayi mai tsawo ana yin rami mai zurfi, suna kunsa shi tare da gangami-sphagnum ganga, ƙulla shi da wani thread kuma rufe shi da jingina fim. Bayan tushen sun bayyana, an harbe harbe kuma a dasa shi a cikin tukunya. A cikin wani tasa sanya a kalla 3 daga cikin wadannan kafe harbe.
Mafi kyawun kiwo - cuttings. Zaba domin girke stalk ya kamata a bara, kuma suna da akalla biyu nau'i-nau'i na ganye. Domin ya sauke kai tsaye, an yanke shi a tsakiyar internodes. Zaka iya sanya yankan a cikin gilashin ruwa ko a tsoma a cikin wani nau'i na musamman. Bayan kwanaki 45-50 sprout Tushen bayyana kuma ana iya dasa shi a wuri mai dindindin.
Flowering
Hoya ya yi fure a lokacin rani 1-2 watanni bayan bayyanar peduncles. A wannan lokacin, ba za a iya sake shuka ba. Flowering fara a watan Mayu da Yuni, kuma yana da kwanaki 8. Bayan haka, ƙananan ƙwayoyin, tare da furen fure, sun faɗi, amma kusan nan da nan sababbin sababbin sun bayyana. Yayin lokacin flowering, hoya Bella yana fitar da ƙanshi na vanilla, wanda zai iya haifar da ciwon kai.
Lifespan hoya yana da girma. Yana bunƙasa hankali kuma, tare da kulawa mai kyau, zai iya yin furanni na dogon lokaci.
Cututtuka da kwari
Lokacin da ake yin rigakafi, hoya za a iya shafa shi da powdery mildew da tushe. Wani lokaci magungunan mealybug, scythophilus da gizo-gizo mite suke.
Hanyar gwagwarmayar
Don kawar da shuka daga gizo-gizo mite Wajibi ne don fesa shi tare da bayani na Actellic (15 saukad da kowace lita na ruwa) da kuma ƙara yawan zafi cikin dakin.
Lokacin da garkuwa ya bayyana Dole a shafe ganye tare da ruwa mai tsabta. Idan akwai karin kwari, to, magani tare da karbofos zai taimaka.
Daga mealybug Zaka iya kawar da tafarnuwa ko albasa.
Jiyya hanyoyin
Don ajiye hoyu daga powdery mildew, yana da muhimmanci a yanke duk ganye da kuma mai tushe da fararen fata, maye gurbin saman saman ƙasa na ƙasa da kuma bi da shuka tare da shirya shirin fungicide.
Tare da shan kashi na tushen lalacewa sau da yawa ba a iya adana shuka ba. Tushen hoya suna da rauni kuma sun mutu daga waterlogging sosai da sauri.
Tare da kulawa mai kyau, girma mai kyau hoyu ba wuya. Koda ma wani mai fure-fure ba zai iya yin hakan ba.
Idan ka bi yanayin gyaran fuska da haske, matsakaicin watering da takin gargajiya, za ka iya tabbatar da shuka tsawon rai da tsawon flowering.
Hotuna
Sa'an nan kuma zaku ga hoto na kulawa gida don Hoya Bell, kyakkyawa:
