Kwayoyin Chicken sun kasance daya daga cikin shahararrun abinci. A lokaci guda kuma, ƙwayoyin da ba a rarrabe ba suna nuna bambanci kuma suna da dabi'u daban-daban. A cikin wannan littafin, zamu fahimci abin da ma'auni wannan samfurin ya kasance a wasu ɗalibai kuma me yasa aka sanya nau'ukan daban-daban. Dukkan ka'idoji sun bi da Dokar Tsaro ta Kasar Ukraine DSTU 5028: 2008 "Abubuwan Abinci" daga shekara ta 2010.
Bukatun don ingancin ƙwai kaza don sabo
Bisa ga daidaituwa, bisa ga ma'auni na sabo, waɗannan ɗakunan sun bambanta: qwai da aka yi nufin sayarwa a kan iyakar kasar Ukraine: abincin abinci, tebur da chilled. Bugu da ƙari, an rarraba rarrabuwa na musamman ga samfurin da aka ƙaddara don fitarwa (karin, A da B), amma duk waɗannan ɗakunan za a bayyana su a dalla-dalla a ƙasa. 
Sharuɗɗa don sanya wannan samfurin zuwa ɗayan ɗalibai shine lokacin lokacin da aka adana shi, kuma ranar da aka kwanta kwanciya ba a haɗa shi a wannan lokaci ba. Bugu da kari, an aje yanayin ajiya.
Shin kuna sani? Chicken kwai an dauke shi mafi mashahuri samfurin a duniya. Binciken da aka samar da shi a duniya ba a san shi ba, amma a kasar Sin, gine-gine yana samar da kimanin rabin biliyan na wannan samarwa a kowace rana.
A rabo daga cikin qwai qwai
Bugu da ƙari, rayuwar rayuwa, sigogi kamar sashin iska, girmansa tare da babban mahimmanci, matsayi da motsi na gwaiduwa, ƙimar da kuma tabbatar da gaskiyar sunadarai sun shafi kimar kimar kwai. Duk waɗannan sigogi sun ƙaddara ta amfani da kayan aiki da ake kira ovoscope.
Bugu da ƙari, an ɗauki kwamin harsashi. Gilashin samfurin dole ne ya kasance mai tsabta, tsabta. Ya kamata ba zama burbushi na zuriyar dabbobi, daban-daban stains. Rashin ƙaddamarwa a cikin nau'i na kwarewar mutum ko ratsi daga tashar tekun yana halatta. Ƙanshin wannan samfurin ya kamata kawai yanayi ne kawai, ƙanshin turawa na waje (putrid, musty, da dai sauransu) basu yarda ba.
Bincika idan ƙwayoyin kaza suna da kyau.
Don aiwatar da:
A kan kasuwar gida, ana iya ƙwayar irin waɗannan nau'o'in don sayarwa don amfani mai amfani: abinci, tebur da chilled. Bari muyi la'akari dalla-dalla game da halaye na samfurori da aka rarraba a cikin waɗannan ɗalibai. 
Abinci na abinci
Bisa ga daidaituwa, wannan aji ya haɗa da ƙwai da aka adana fiye da kwanaki 7 a zazzabi daga 0 ° C zuwa + 20 ° C. Ya kamata su sami harsashi maras tsabta kuma ba lalacewa ba, wanda aka sanya wa ɗayan mutum ko sutura daga belin mai ɗaukar belin, ba tare da ƙari ba fiye da 1/32 na gindin harsashi. Protein dole ne m da hasken, ba tare da wani ɓangare ba, suna da nauyin rubutun. Gwangwani a kan ovoscope yana da wuyar gani, an samo shi a tsakiyar, kusan kusan lalata. Ƙungiyar iska tana dagewa, tsayinta bai wuce 4 mm ba.
Wani lokaci zaku iya samun yolks biyu a cikin ƙwaiyen kaza.
Abinci canteens
An sanya wannan kundin zuwa samfurori wanda rayuwarsu ta kasance a yanayin zafi daga 0 C zuwa + 20 ° C ya wuce kwanaki 7. Dole ne harsashi ya kasance mai tsabta kuma mai tsabta, amma an yarda ya sami rabuwa daban-daban kuma ya rufe ta, yawancin abin da ba ya wuce 1/8 na gilashin harsashi. Protein ne mai yawa, m da haske. Gwaiduwa yana da kyau a bayyane a kan ovoskop, yana cikin tsakiya ko kuma za'a iya canza shi kaɗan, ƙari, yana iya tafiya kaɗan yayin juyawa. An yarda da ƙananan motsi na ɗakin iska, kada tsawo ya wuce 6 mm. 
Abincin abincin
Kayan samfurin sanyaya shine samfurin da aka adana a cikin firiji a zafin jiki na -2 ° C ... .0 ° C don ba fiye da kwanaki 90 ba. Ya kamata harsashi ya kasance ba tare da lalacewar ba kuma ba a gurbata shi ba, amma an yarda ya sami raunuka da ratsi daban-daban a ciki, yawancin abin da ba shi da fiye da 1/8 na kwasfa. Protein ne mai yawa, m da hasken, amma ƙananan rubutun ya yiwu. Gwaiduwa a kan ovoscope ba shi da kyau a bayyane, ya kamata a cikin cibiyar ko dan kadan wanda aka yi hijira, an yarda da motsi. Ƙungiyar iska za ta iya zama dan kadan, kuma tsawo kada ta wuce 9 mm.
Yana da muhimmanci! Qwai na wannan aji za a iya amfani dasu kawai don aikin masana'antu. Mafi yawan samfurin irin wannan aiki shine kwai foda.
Don fitarwa
Sauran samfurori da aka ƙayyade don fitarwa. Akwai samfurori guda uku: karin, A da B. Tsarin ka'idojin waɗannan ɗalibai sun bambanta da ka'idoji don samfuran kasuwancin gida.
Muna ba da shawara ka karanta game da amfani da dafa abinci na naman gishiri, tsirrai da kuma yalwata qwai.
Karin abinci
Ƙarin ƙari ya ƙunshi samfurori waɗanda aka adana don ba fiye da kwana 9 a zafin jiki na + 5 ° C .... + 15 ° C. Gilashin irin wannan qwai dole ne mai tsabta da kuma m. Protein ba tare da impurities, m, haske da m. Gilashi a kan ovoscope ba shi da kyau, yana cikin tsakiya, tare da juyawa kada a ga yadda ya faru. Ƙungiyar iska tana dagewa, tsayinta bai wuce 4 mm ba. 
Abincin Abincin A
Wannan kundin ya ƙunshi samfurori da aka ajiye don ba fiye da kwanaki 28 ba a zafin jiki na +5 ° C .... + 15 ° C. Sauran sigogi sun dace da nauyin karin, amma tsawo na ɗakin iska zai iya zama dan kadan - har zuwa 6 mm.
Abinci sa B
Aikin B yana sayarwa kayayyakin da aka adana a zafin jiki na 0 ° C .... + 5 ° C na akalla 24 hours kuma bisa ga wasu sharudda bai cika ka'idodi na A. Wannan samfurin za a iya amfani dashi a masana'antar sarrafa kayayyakin abinci da kuma aikin masana'antu .
Gano hanyoyin da zaka iya duba ƙwayar qwai a gida (cikin ruwa).
Categories dangane da nauyin nauyi
Bugu da ƙari, azuzuwan, rarraba samfurori cikin jinsunan dangane da nauyin da aka yi amfani da su. 
Akwai nau'o'i masu biyowa:
- zabi (ko XL don samfurori na kayan fitarwa) - nauyin kwai ɗaya shine 73 grams ko fiye, nauyin nau'i guda goma shine akalla 735 grams;
- Mafi girman samfurin (L) daga 63 g zuwa 72.9 g, nauyin nauyin dozin ba kasa da 640 g;
- jigon farko (M) - daga 53 g zuwa 62.9 g, wani nau'in dozin da ba a kasa da 540 g ba;
- Sashe na biyu (S) - daga 45 g zuwa 52.9 g, wani dozen taro na akalla 460 g;
- ƙanana - daga 35 g zuwa 44.9 g, nauyin nauyin dozin ba kasa da 360 g ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Samfurori na "karami" na iya zama kawai a cikin ɗaliban "ɗakin shanu" da "sanyaya". Qwai da ake yin la'akari da kasa da nau'in gram 35 ba a aika su dasu ba.
Marking
Abubuwan da aka shigar don sayarwa akan kasuwa na gida suna takaddama ko aka yada su. Ana amfani da takardun da ba a haɗari ba saboda wannan. A lokacin da kake rijistar ajin "Dietary", ajin ("D"), nau'in, ranar da aka fara kwanta (kwanan wata da wata kawai) an nuna. Ga wasu nau'o'in, ana nuna lajin ("C") da kuma category. Alamomin alamar suna kamar haka:
- "B" - zabi;
- "0" ita ce mafi girma;
- "1" shine jigon farko;
- "2" shine kashi na biyu;
- "M" - ƙananan.
A yayin da ake yin amfani da samfurori na fitarwa, kundin ("karin" ko "A"), category ("XL", "L", "M" ko "S"), lambar ƙirar, kwanan wata na rushewa (rana da wata) ana amfani da su. Aikin B na alama tare da da'irar tare da harafin "B" a ciki.Shin kuna sani? Kwanan Sin sun koyi ƙwayoyin kaza mara kyau. An yi harsashi na fakes a carbonate, abinda ke ciki ya kunshi gelatin, dyes da karin abinci. A waje, yana da wuya a gane bambanci daga samfurin asali, amma dandano, ba shakka, ya bambanta da ainihin.
Abubuwan ƙwai da za a iya amfani dashi don sarrafa masana'antu don abinci
Baya ga aikin masana'antu, sun ba da damar samfurori da suka dace da ka'idojin da suka dace:
- ƙaddamar da harsashin su ya wuce dabi'u masu halatta ga ɗalibai daban-daban;
- yin la'akari da ƙasa da gram 35;
- harsashi yana da lalacewar injiniya (ƙwanƙwasawa a gefensa, sanarwa);
- akwai raguwa na haɓakar gina jiki, idan har gwaiduwa ya kasance cikakke kuma an adana samfurin don ba fiye da rana daya a zafin jiki na + 8 ° C ... + 10 ° C;
- tare da lahani maras nauyi, irin su growths, wrinkles, da dai sauransu.
- tare da ɗakin iska na iska;
- tare da siffofi mai laushi tare da dukkanin yanki fiye da 1/8 na harsashi;
- tare da yolk prischshim zuwa harsashi (wanda ake kira "prushushka");
- tare da haɗin haɗin gina jiki da yolk ("pouring");
- tare da wariyar waje wanda ba da daɗewa bace ("zapashistostost", wanda aka kafa a yayin ajiya na samfurori tare da sauran kayayyakin da ke da karfi).
Wace qwai an haramta amfani dashi don bukatun abinci kuma ya kamata a dauki auren fasaha
An haramta amfani da shi a cikin masana'antun abincin masana'antun waɗanda ake la'akari da lahani na fasaha kuma sun fada a karkashin irin wadannan halaye:
- tare da rayuwa mai ɗorewa da yawa bisa ka'idodin da aka kafa don dukan ɗalibai;
- "kore rot" - abinda ke ciki yana da launi mai laushi da ƙanshi maras kyau;
- "Krasyuk" - jigon farin da yolk saboda lalacewar lalacewar wannan.
- stains sutura a kan fasa a cikin harsashi da kuma a cikin iska jam'iyya;
- "Ƙungiyar jini" - tasoshin jini ko irin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin gwaiduwa ko furotin;
- "Babban tabo" - kowane tabo a gefen harsashi tare da yanki fiye da 1/8 na gilashin harsashi;
- "mustiness" - ƙanshin mold;
- "Mirage kwai" - samfurori marasa galihu daga incubator;
- "cuff" m ko kwayan cuta - wani samfurin da abun ciki mai laushi da kuma wari mai ban sha'awa saboda sakamakon lalacewa ta hanyar ƙwayar magungunan ƙwayar cuta.
Kamar yadda kake gani, ana buƙatar bukatun adadin kaji na kaza a cikin daidaitattun cikakken bayani kuma a fili. Ƙarin fahimtar lakabin wannan samfurin yana da sauƙi, don haka lokacin da ka saya shi, kana buƙatar kulawa da bayanan da ke sama - wannan zai taimaka maka ka zaɓi samfurin samfurin wanda ya fi dacewa da wani yanayi.
