Primula ko kamar yadda ake kira Primrose - mafi shahararren innamental shuka. Zaka iya shuka furanni a gida da cikin gonar. Primula zai faranta masu shuka furanni da furanni na farko, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin marigayi lokacin hunturu ko farkon lokacin bazara.
Bayan haka, za ku koyi karin bayani game da girma fure mai haske a gida da kuma a fili, karanta abin da cututtuka da kwari zasu iya rushe shuka.
Bayanin shuka
Primula - wakiltar iyali na primroses. Daya daga cikin tsire-tsire mafi yawan duniya a duniya, wanda ke da kimanin nau'in nau'in 500. Primrose su ne haɓakacce da kuma shekara-shekara. Akwai flower a cikin Alps, Asiya, Himalayas, a Kudancin da Arewacin Amirka, Turai. Sunan Latin suna bayyana siffofin wannan shuka. Primula - fassara a matsayin "na farko."
Wannan wakili ne na flora wanda ya fara zama a cikin sauran, yana faruwa nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara. Fure yana da dogon lokaci. Irin wannan yana rinjayar nau'i-nau'i masu yawa: daga haske mai haske zuwa purple purple. Furanni suna haɗuwa a cikin tsere ko launi mai launi. Mafi yawancin jinsin suna horar da su saboda kyawawan furensu. Musamman mahimmanci iri-iri primulas Danova da Obkonika.
Ganye na Primrose ya fita daga tushen kuma ya tattara a cikin fita. Kayan da aka yi da elongated da danda. A iyakar da harbe buds Bloom. Ba koyaushe an tattara su a cikin inflorescences, akwai nau'o'in nau'i guda. Su ne ainihin tsari, ƙwayoyin suna girma tare a tushe.
Primula shi ne flower flower, wanda yake nufin girmansa zai zama karami da ƙananan. Girman girman girman furen yana daga 25 zuwa 30 inimita. Amma yayin da fure a kan shuka mai yawa. Su ne inuwa mai haske kuma suna rufe murfin kore "tafiya."
Hotuna
Bayan haka zaka iya ganin hotunan irin wannan irin na primrose kamar Danova da Obkonika:
Primula Danova:
Primula Obkonika:
Girma a matsayin furen ciki a gida
- Zazzabi
Yana da muhimmanci! Don Primula, ana buƙatar yanayin yanayin zafi mafi kyau.
A lokacin bazara da kaka, ya kamata + 18 ... +20 digiri. A cikin hunturu, daga +15 zuwa +18, kuma a lokacin flowering flowering + 17 ... +20 digiri. A yayin lura da waɗannan alamun, tsire-tsire zai yi girma kuma ya fi yawa. A lokacin zafi yana buƙatar ka zama mai hankali sosai. Ba'a bada shawara a saka furanni a kusa da batura ba, zai iya rinjayar da ita.
- Haskewa Primula kamar hasken rana, amma bai yarda da hasken kai tsaye ba. Daga gare su, injin ya nuna launin toka, sa'annan furen ya fara bushe. Gudun ruwa a ƙarƙashin hasken rana ba shi da ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Zaka iya sanya Primula a kowane sill window sai dai kudanci daya. Idan tukunya yana nisa daga windows, to, ana bukatar karin haske. Idan babu zabi, kuma ana sanya fure a gefen kudanci, tabbatar da samar da inuwa.
- Humidity
Tun da Primula ya tsiro a cikin yanayi mai dumi a cikin daji, to lallai ya zama wajibi don ƙwaƙwalwar cikin gida ya girma a cikin ƙasa tare da ruwan inganci. Amma kada ku cika furen da ruwa, saboda wuce haddi na damshin zai haifar da juyawa da kuma mutuwar asalinsu.
A lokacin rani, inji ba wajibi ne don fesa ba, amma a cikin hunturu ana iya yin shi tare da bindigar raga.
Yankin zaɓi
- Ground Kantin sayar da shaguna sayar da ƙasa na musamman don Primrose. Idan za ta yiwu, za a iya yin cakuda ƙasa ta kanka. Wannan zai buƙaci peat, yashi mai laushi, turf land da humus a daidai sassa. Bayan an hade dukkan waɗannan abubuwan da aka gyara, zafin jiki mai gina jiki, friable da ƙasa mai fadi.
Da takin mai magani. A cikin yanayi na zama Primula blooms a tsakiyar hunturu. Har zuwa wannan batu, dole ne a ciyar da furen tare da takin mai magani mai mahimmanci. Ya kamata su ƙunshi irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar: potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus. Potassium da phosphorus suna samar da buds, kuma nitrogen zai taimaka wajen shuka m ganye.A rabi na biyu na kaka, hawan kankara yana rage ko kuma yana dakatar da aikatawa. Lokacin da buds suka bayyana, an sake dawo da su, amma an cire nitrogen gaba daya. Bayan Primrose ottsvetet, ba ta hutawa don kimanin wata ɗaya, ba tare da yin wani dressings ba.
- Choice na yi jita-jita. Jirgin ya kamata ba zurfi, amma ya isa a fadin. Primula yana da asalin halitta, don haka suna buƙatar sarari.Taimako Kayan abin da tukunyar da aka yi zai iya kasancewa banda karfe da gilashi. Tun da waɗannan kayan suna sanyi kuma suna kwantar da hankali, za su kwantar da tushen tsarin, kuma wannan ba daidai ba ce.
Da takin mai magani. A cikin yanayi na zama Primula blooms a tsakiyar hunturu. Har zuwa wannan batu, dole ne a ciyar da furen tare da takin mai magani mai mahimmanci. Ya kamata su ƙunshi irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar: potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus. Potassium da phosphorus suna samar da buds, kuma nitrogen zai taimaka wajen shuka m ganye.Yaya za a kula da gonar?
Yaushe ya yanke?
Pruning yana da matukar muhimmanci a cikin kula da wani lambu Primula. Ba za a iya watsi da shi ba a kowace harka. Yana faruwa kawai a cikin wani lokaci. Pruning ne yake aikata a lokacin flowering, wanda ya auku a cikin marigayi hunturu - farkon spring. Wajibi ne a yanke katakan furen da suka yi hasara.Wannan yana haifar da sabon kalaman na flowering. Ana cire magungunan yellowing.
Yaya tsawon lokacin ya ɗauka don raba kwasfa?
Kantuna suna rarraba ne kawai a cikin nau'ikan iri. Da yake kasancewa a wannan shuka kamar shekaru biyu a jere, furen yana girma sosai. A sakamakon haka, rafuka suna shafuwa kuma sun zama danda. Bugu da ƙari, kasar gona ta zama ƙasa da kayan gina jiki, Primula tasowa mafi muni kuma ya yi hasarar tasirinta. Ƙaddamarwa na kwasfa yana da wajibi. Yana da al'ada don yin irin wannan tsari sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2-3.
Don rabuwa da tsayayyewa na kwarai, ya wajaba a shayar daji da kyau, sa'annan kuyi shi, tsaftace tushen ƙasa kuma raba shi zuwa sassa daban-daban. Kowane bangare ba za a bar ba tare da tushen. Ana gudanar da rukuni a farkon spring.
Ƙasa, taki, watering
Ana buƙatar ƙasa mai kyau. Wajibi ne don yin cakuda ƙasa na ganye ƙasa kuma ƙara karamin adadin taki ko kwanciya. Har ila yau, an shawarci masu shuka furanni su zuba yashi cikin kasa a matsayin mai lalata, ba zai bari ruwa ya damu ba.- Da takin mai magani. Don ciyar da Primula a cikin lambun yana tsaye daga lokacin da aka fara kafa ganye na farko, kuma don ƙare riguna ya kasance a karshen flowering. Ma'adinai na ma'adinai za su yi amma buƙata a yi amfani da su a cikin ƙananan taro fiye da abin da aka rubuta akan kunshin. Ku kawo su sau biyu a wata.
- Watering Garden Primula yana buƙatar buƙatar ruwa mai yawa, amma kada ku zubar da shuka. Sau biyu a mako zai isa. A lokacin zafi, dole ne a ninka mita watering. Don tabbatar da yanayin dacewa da furanni, bayan an yi amfani da ruwan ƙwayar ƙasa.
Ana buƙatar ƙasa mai kyau. Wajibi ne don yin cakuda ƙasa na ganye ƙasa kuma ƙara karamin adadin taki ko kwanciya. Har ila yau, an shawarci masu shuka furanni su zuba yashi cikin kasa a matsayin mai lalata, ba zai bari ruwa ya damu ba.Yanayin yanayi
Shiri a cikin fall
A cikin kaka, wajajen da aka rabu da su sun kasance sun shayar da su sosai. A lokacin shirye-shirye na primrose don hunturu, watering ya kamata a kowace rana, amma ba overdo shi. Ba a gyara gwangwani don hunturu ba, zaiyi aikin kare kariya daga overcooling.
Shawarwarin. Domin furen ya ji dadi a lokacin sanyi, ana yayyafa daji da humus a kan maƙallin kewayawa. Wannan hanya zai kare shuka daga sanyi da takin shi.
Wasu nau'ikan suna bukatar karin shiri. M iri suna rufe ganye da agrofibre. Matasan Primrose kuma yana buƙatar a sanya shi cikin kwalaye da adana a cikin hunturu.
An rarraba magunguna na kulawa ta primrose a cikin fall a cikin labarin mu.
Wintering flower
Don kyakkyawan lokacin hunturu, fure yana buƙatar zafin jiki na akalla + 13 ... + 14 digiri. Akwai nau'in da ke jure yanayin zafi ba kasa da + 16 ... + digiri. Ba buƙatar yawan watering. An yi shi ne kawai a lokacin da saman Layer na ƙasa ya kafe. Watering ya zama sau ɗaya a mako, ba maimaita ba.
Tsare
Ana yin wurin zama a cikin 'yan shekaru, lokacin da Primrose ke tsiro, kuma sababbin kwasfa fara farawa juna. Ana bada shawara don yin wannan a cikin bazara ko a watan Agusta don haka tsire-tsire zai iya daukar tushe kafin sanyi ta farko.
A cakuda ƙasa ya zama misali: yashi, sod, ƙasa ƙasa. Idan furen ke tsiro a cikin tukunya, kula da malalewa (kimanin 2 centimeters) a gaba. Ana yin shuka ne kawai bayan an gama shuka. Domin kada ya katse tsarin girma.
Kwaro da cututtuka masu yiwuwa, hanyoyi na magani
Primula yana da cututtuka masu yawa da kwari. Mafi sau da yawa, duk bayyananninsu suna haifar da abun ciki mara kyau na furen. A ƙasa muna la'akari da abin da cututtuka da kwari suke da haɗari ga wannan shuka.
Cututtuka:
- Jaundice
- Mosac kokwamba.
- Wotting zane.
- Mealy dew.
Kwaro:
- Aphid
- Weevil.
- Gizo-gizo mite
Abhids da mites mafi sau da yawa bayyana a kan shuka a cikin bushe da zafi weather. Don shawo kan kwayoyin da ake bukata don feshi da kwari masu dacewa.
Saboda rashin yin amfani da ruwa mai yawa, wata cuta da ake kira "launin toka" tana fuskantar sau da yawa. Don gyara matsalar, yana da daraja rage yawan watering da kuma yad da shi tare da dacewa fungicide.
Yana da muhimmanci! Mafi yawan cututtuka da ake dauke da cutar shine dauke da fungal spotting. Za a sami wannan cuta, watakila a cikin bazara. Idan ganyayyaki suna da fadi mai haske, sai furen ya yi mamakin.
Fotsunan funga zasu iya hallaka Primula, kuma idan furen ke tsiro a kan gado, cutar za ta iya yadawa zuwa wasu furanni. Don shawo kan cutar, an cire ganye, kuma tare da raunuka masu karfi za su yi gaisuwa ga Primula. Bayan haka, wajibi ne a aiwatar da duk gado tare da bayani na topsin ko tushe.
Kammalawa
Primula - wani kyakkyawan shuka da ke sha'awar bambancinta. Wannan flower mai ciki zai iya girma a gida da kuma a filin bude. Kula da shi ba wuya ba, amma rashin bin bin doka zai iya haifar da mutuwar shuka. Wajibi ne don biyan shawarwarin don kulawa sannan furen zai yi farin ciki da kyawawan buds.
