Kowane mutum daga yaro ya san wadannan furanni marasa kyau da ke girma a kan gadaje. Mun yi farin ciki sosai a gwaninta mai haske, kuma a hannunsa wani shinge ne na kaifi, baki, kamar kamannin. Wannan - Tagetes, ko, kamar yadda ake kira su, marigolds.
A cikin labarinmu za ku koyi yadda ake girma furanni a fili, har ma ku iya fahimtar hotuna daban-daban na marigolds.
Menene wadannan furanni?
Sempasucuchitl - wadannan kalmomin ban mamaki suna kiransa furanni a cikin mahaifar su, a Mexico. Daga wuraren zafi da zafi na wannan ƙasa, injin ya fara tare da masu rinjaye zuwa Spain, sa'an nan kuma yada a duniya. A cikin kowace ƙasa, Tagetes sun bayyana masu sha'awar da suka yi amfani da wannan furanni ba kawai don ado da lambun ba. Ya samo wuri don kayan yaji a dafa abinci, kayan aikin magani a maganin gargajiya, mai kare kayan lambu da amfanin gona. Kara karantawa game da kayan magani da kuma ƙin yarda da yin amfani da marigolds a nan, kuma daga wannan labarin za ka koyi game da yin amfani da waɗannan launuka a maganin gargajiya da kuma dafa abinci.
'Yan Botanists suna nuna wannan itace mai ban sha'awa ga iyalin Astrov. A cikin yanayin ƙasa da yanayin zafi na wurare masu zafi akwai nau'ikan siffofin wannan flower. A cikin latitudes, mahaukaciyar zafi mai zafi yana rayuwa ne kawai lokacin rani na rani. Amma ko da a cikin wannan gajeren lokaci, sun bambanta da launi, sauƙi da furanni guda biyu, gudanar don faranta magoya baya.
Shin zai yiwu a yi girma a waje?
A kasarmu, marigolds suna girma ne a waje a fili. An dasa shi cikin watan Mayu, ya buɗe buds a farkon watan Yuni kuma ya cigaba da yin fure har zuwa farkon yanayin sanyi. Don ci gaba mai girma Tagetes buƙatar mai yawa rana, kyau watering kafin flowering da dumi weather.
Features na girma a flowerbed
A marigolds da Unlimited yiwuwa don yin kowane flowerbed, bedding ko mixborders ban sha'awa. A cikin shagon, lokacin zabar jaka na tsaba, dole ne mu tuna cewa yawan hybrids wannan flower yana ƙaruwa a kowace shekara.
Tsire-tsire suna bambanta da launi, ƙaramin buds, girma da diamita na daji. Nazarin binciken da ya dace game da bayanin a kan kunshin ya ba da bayani game da shirin da aka dasa shi zai duba mafi yawan kwayoyin halitta.
Dabbobi
Masu sayarwa na shahararrun shahararrun sukan sadu da buƙatu daga abokan ciniki su sayar da su tsaba na Faransanci, Afirka ko na Marigolds na Mexica. Sauran 'yan furanni masu fure-fure sun yi mafarki don sayen kayan shuka na shuke-shuke masu ciyayi don bude ƙasa - Marigolds tsaye, bakin ciki-leaved, ƙi. Duk da bambancin bambancin, muna magana ne game da manyan hanyoyi guda uku na kiwo wadannan tsire-tsire.
Sunan yanki a cikin sunayen iri - haraji ga tarihin rarraba su daga nahiyar zuwa nahiyar. Alal misali, ana kiran masu Tagetes na Faransa bayan da Furotesta suka fito daga Faransanci zuwa Ingila da suka tsere daga gyarawa. Aikin Tunisiya na Habsburgs ya ba da gudummawa wajen fitowa a Turai na marigolds, wanda ya zauna a karkashin sunan Afirka. Definition - Mexico, kai tsaye yana nuna ƙasar asalin.
Botanists ya bambanta nau'i-nau'i guda uku na kiwo.
Daidai (Afrika)
Hawan ya kai 120 cm, diamita na furen har zuwa 15 cm, suna da fadi da launuka masu launuka daga farar fata ga mai arziki yellow-orange palette.
An ƙaryata (Faransanci)
Multi-flowered, lush bushes. Sun sami suna, godiya ga ƙwayar da aka shuka da yawa daga babban tushe. Shuka har zuwa 60 cm. Furen furanni suna iya kasancewa na ruhu, bambanta kuma har ma da taguwar.
Fine Leaf (Mexico)
Mafi yawan wakilai na wannan iyali. Ɗaya daga cikin sapling ya juya zuwa wani low (har zuwa 40 cm), rabin mita ball, yi wa ado da daruruwan kananan furanni. Ƙanshin kayan na Mexica yana tuna da dandano mai lemun tsami. Wannan ya bambanta su daga 'yan uwansu. Launi na furanni ya bambanta daga haske mai haske zuwa rawaya mai haske.
Yaya za ku yi gado na gado tare da hannuwanku?
Tsarin farko na zane-zane na flowerbed shine zabi na haske, tsire-tsire masu kulawa, cewa Bloom duk lokacin rani. Marigolds da petunias, wanda za'a iya dasa a cikin flowerbed (game da yadda kuma lokacin da za a shuka marigolds, wanda muka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin) ya cika wadannan bukatun da kuma yiwu. Haɗa su suna ba da damar haɗuwa a cikin bukatun don haske, zafi da kuma darajar abincin jiki na ƙasa.
Don ƙirƙirar abin da ba a taɓa mantawa da shi ba na waɗannan Letniki masu ban mamaki, kana buƙatar yin wasu matakai kaɗan:
- Ka yi la'akari da ra'ayin wani gadon filawa a gaba. Yana da kyau a zana shi a sikelin takarda. Wannan zai ƙayyade yawan adadin shuke-shuke, launuka da tsawo.
Alal misali, iyakar lemon marigolds za ta jaddada launuka na cin hanci da rashawa. Wani zabin - tsayi, tsaka-tsakin Tagetes na iya girma a bango, tsayayye a kan rawanin petunia.
- Shuka seedlings a kansu ko saya a kantin kayan sana'a. Lokacin sayen, ya kamata mutum ya kula ba kawai ga launi da girman furanni na gaba ba, amma har zuwa ƙimar da aka ƙayyade na mai tushe. Wannan zai kauce wa halin da ake ciki lokacin da tsire-tsire na shirin farko ya hana dukkanin flowerbed.
- Zaɓi wuri mai haske mai haske kuma shirya ƙasa. Za a bayar da kyakkyawan sakamako ta hanyar gabatar da humus-foda a cikin adadin 10 kg / m2 da itace ash. Wannan zai inganta yanayin ƙasa kuma samar da tsire-tsire da abinci mai gina jiki ga dukan kakar kakar wasa.
- Ruwa da nan gaba gadon filawa da shuka shuke-shuke a nesa na 15-20 cm.
- Rufe ƙasa tare da ciyawa daga rotted sawdust.
Hankali! Petunias sun fi tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire fiye da marigolds. Dole ne a yi la'akari da hakan lokacin da ake kirga lokacin saukowa. Koma buguwa don alamun suna hallakaswa.
Hotuna
Bugu da ƙari za ku iya fahimtar hoto tare da hoton gado wanda yayinda budurwa ya girma:
Abubuwan da ake bukata
Don tsire-tsire tsawon flowering wadannan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar:
- Sunny wuri. A filayen kudanci ko yammacin filin.
- Da kyau sosai, ƙasa mai kyau.
- Regular watering, kawar da ruwa m.
- Air iska sama da digiri 10 digiri Celsius. A ƙasa da wannan alamar, tsire-tsire na daskare, rasa haɓakar ado kuma mutu a farkon sanyi.
Noma da kulawa
Buƙatar ƙwarewa ta musamman ga matasa, ba su girma girma ba. Ya kamata a yadata shuka, har sai itatuwan marigold ba su rufe da kuma rufe ƙasa. Kullum ana bukatar watering kafin lokacin flowering.
Yaya sau da yawa don ruwa a gadon filawa? Idan ba ruwan sama ba, ruwan inganci mafi kyau na watering don ingantaccen girma da budding - kowane 1-2 days. Daga bisani, ya isa ruwa a kwana hudu. A cikin yanayin mako biyu na fari, injin zai mutu. Tagetes suna jure wa ruwa mara kyau kuma za su iya shafar tushen rot.
Marigolds da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki yana ci gaba ba tare da ƙarin ciyarwa ba. A matalauta, yashi ƙasa, tsire-tsire za a iya tallafawa da takin mai magani don ƙwayoyin tsire-tsire. Kowace jakar da aka bayar da cikakkun umarnin don amfani (game da yadda za'a ciyar da furanni don yawan furanni, karanta a nan). Fans na permaculture iya amfani da tsire-tsire-tsire, diluted a cikin rabo na 1:10. Gwaje-gwaje ke kewaye gefen marigolds. Wannan kuma wata hujja ne da ke da sha'awar noma.
Bayanai akan yadda za a shuka da kula da marigolds, karanta a nan da kuma daga wannan labarin za ku koyi game da siffofin girma wannan shuka.
Gargaɗi da Tips
Marigolds yana da karfi da kaya na phytoncidal. Abin da ya sa kewayar gargajiya na amfani da wannan injin don kare plantings daga kwari. Wadannan furanni mai haske suna iya gani a kan gadaje na gida, kusa da strawberries, tsakanin layuka dankali. Berry bushes suna farin ciki game da wannan unguwa.
Tagetes - abokan gaba na aphids, nematodes, whiteflies, Bears, Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro da kuma fungal cututtuka na lambu amfanin gona. Shigarwa a karkashin digging sassa ɓangaren wannan shuka disinfects kasar gona.
Tsire-tsire waɗanda ba su jure wa unguwa tare da kayan aiki - legumes da tsire-tsire na giciye.
Marigolds na iya haifar da cututtuka a cikin mutane masu kula da su. Ya kamata a yi amfani da tsire-tsire tare da waƙoƙi don kada su taɓa fata na kafafu, suna tafiya da mutumin.
Marigolds - kyau, shuke-shuke unpretentious tare da dogon lokaci na flowering. Sabbin sababbin siffofi, launuka da dandano suna da ni'ima ga masu zane-zane da masu mallakar lambu. Kyakkyawan sha'awa daga sadarwa tare da wadannan furanni yana kawo farin ciki da inganta lafiyar.
