Mene ne kayan geranium, yaya ya bambanta daga gandun daji, menene yake kama da hoto kuma menene dokokin dasa?

Gidaran geranium (filin) ​​ko crane shi ne tsaka-tsakin perennial flowering, wanda yake da wuya a shuka shuki, shine jinsin geranium na iyali Geranium.

Na gaba, za ku ga abin da yake, sami bayanin da hoto na shuka. Bugu da ƙari, yana nuna yadda wannan shuka ya bambanta da geranium daji, da kuma wace cututtuka za a iya shafa.

Bayanan Botanical

A cikin makaman geranium, mai tushe ba a haɓaka, ba yawa ba ko ma guda, girma a mike, wanda aka haɓaka a cikin sama kuma an rufe shi tare da gashi ko gashi. Mai tushe daga cikin gandun dajin geranium ya isa tsawo na 40-80 cm.

Rhizome yana da haske amma takaice, tsayinta shine kimanin 10 cm. Itacen yana da ƙananan ganye da ƙananan ganye.

Ganye, wanda yake a kan tushe, yana da nau'i biyar, yayin da babba ba su da cikakke kuma suna tafiya. Ba'a kwashe masu kwakwalwa, tsawonsu ya kai 15 mm.

Ƙaƙƙarfan launi, ƙarya-stemmed. Furen suna da yawa, suna buɗewa a lokacin da flowering, fatals game da 20 mm tsawo suna da purple-blue, blue-blue da m-inuwa tabarau, zagaye a saman, dukan kuma gashi a tushe.

Halin gashi da furanni hidima a matsayin kariya daga kananan kwari.

Meadow geranium blooms a Yuni ko Yuli, lokacin flowering shine kimanin kwanaki 30, tare da kowane reshe zai yi fure ba fiye da kwana 2 ba.

Gidaran geranium yana da matukar fadi.

'Ya'yan itacen gine-ginen geranium ne mai kwakwalwa, yana da ƙwayar coracoid da tsawon 3-4 cm, ya fara a watan Satumba-Satumba, bayan da aka shuka tsaba suna da ƙananan ƙananan.

Tarihin

Naman geranium yana samuwa a kan itatuwan daji da yawa, ruwan gandun dajin daji, masu gandun daji, ke tsiro ba kawai a cikin rugu ba, amma har da gandun dajin coniferous, a tsakanin tsirrai.

Ƙungiyar kayan lambu na geranium yana da yawa: ƙasashen Turai, Asiya ta Tsakiya, Siberia.

Sunan geranium da aka karba don kama da 'ya'yan itace tare da hawan girasar, kuma an fassara daga Girkanci "fashi".

Anyi amfani da makaman geranium a matsayin magani da injin ornamental a ƙarshen karni na 16.

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin gander daji da gandun daji?

• Habitat: gandun daji da makiyaya.
• Bayyanar: gandun daji na geranium na launin furanni ne da yawa da launin purple, da launi mai launi - blue da bluish-purple.
• Tsarin daji a cikin gandun daji na geranium yana tsufa, kuma a cikin makiyaya ya ɓata zuwa ƙasa.
• Forest geranium na son wetter ƙasa da ƙasa da haske girma yankunan fiye da Meadow geraniums.
• Gidaran geranium ya fi girma ga gandun daji a matsayin ƙwayar zuma.

Wild geraniums suna da kyau shuke-shuke zuma.. A yanayi, muna saduwa da geraniums, da gandun daji da makiyaya. Suna kama da kallon farko kuma zai kasance da wuya ga mutumin da ba shi da hankali ya bambanta su.

A ƙasar Rasha za a iya samuwa har zuwa nau'in 40 na geraniums. Geraniums a kan gonar da tsare-tsaren gida yana da sauƙin sauƙin kulawa idan an kiyaye dukiyar ƙasa da kuma ma'aunin haske, kamar yadda a cikin daji.

Saboda launuka iri-iri, mai mallakar geranium na iya haifar da tsari na fure don dandano.

Mafi mashahuri irin geraniums sune:

• Medonos;
• Summer Skyse;
• Black Beauty.

Terry furanni na lambun lambu Summer Skayz na da launi mai launi-lavender. Wannan iri-iri yana bambanta da tsayi, a cikin zane-zane, a lokacin da ya dasa gadon filawa, yana da kyau a dasa shi a bango, bayan flowering, yana da daraja a yanka injin.

Idan akwai buƙatar inganta shafin kuma dasa shuki mai tsire-tsire mai duhu, to zaka iya saya Geranium Black Beauty, zai dace da tsari na fure-fure a cikin gonar.

Gwargwadon girbi na kasuwanci zai iya samar da makaman geranium, zuma daga geranium yana da duhu, tare da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi da dandano mai ban sha'awa.

Hoton filin shuka

Wannan shi ne abin da geranium daji yayi kama da hoto.

Yanayin shimfidar wuri

Geranium ba shi da kyau a yanayin, yanayin fari. Geranium na iya zama wuri tare da zagaye na agogo, matsakaici ko rashin haske.

Zabi mai kyau ƙasa malalewa, to, geraniums sauki ya dauki tushe.

Tsasa geranium halin kaka a farkon spring bayan karshen sanyi. Kasar gona kafin a dasa shuki dole ne a sassare shi ko kuma a kwashe shi.

Mataki na Mataki

1. Zaɓi wuri mai dacewa.
2. Sami lokaci mai kyau.
3. Shirya gado: tono ƙasa 30-40 cm zurfin amfani da taki a cikin takin gargajiya.
4. Kula da nesa tsakanin seedlings daga 20 zuwa 65 cm.
5. Yi hutu don flower.
6. Sanya seedling a cikin rami, rufe shi da ƙasa kuma tamp cikin ƙasa kadan tare da hannunka.
7. Ruwa da shuka nan da nan bayan dasa.

Dokokin kulawa

• Watering. Duk da halin kirki na geranium zuwa fari, yana da kyau a saka idanu akan shayar da shuka, don hana damuwa da ruwa a cikin ƙasa.
• Taki.Alinda ya yi bazara ya zama wajibi ne don takin ƙasar, yana wadatar da shi tare da ma'adanai, wanda ke da tasiri mai tasiri akan girma da furancin shuka.
• Weeding. Don ci gaba mai inganci da bunƙasa, kana buƙatar ajiye furen daga unguwa tare da weeds.
• Pruning. Bayan da furanni da furanni zasu buƙaci a cire su, sai a yi haka tare da busassun mai tushe don ba da damar sabbin furanni suyi girma da kuma faranta wa masu kallon su da bayyanar su.
• Tashi. Bayan shekaru 3-4, geranium a kan shafin zai dauki wuri mai mahimmanci, a farkon lokacin bazara za ku buƙaci dasa shuka, raba shi a sassa daban-daban.

Ana bukatar irin wannan kula da geraniums a gida.

Cututtuka na kowa da kwari

Sau da yawa, cututtuka na geranium suna hade da kurakurai a kula da shuka, cututtuka na kowa sun haɗa da:

1. Tushen tushen. Dangane da cututtukan fungal, wani ɓangare na ɓangaren ɓacin jiki ya bayyana, wanda a hankali ya yada ga dukan rhizome. Gilashin fari ko launin toka yana bayyana a kan tsire-tsire, yana kama da yanar gizo.
2. Musrroom botrutis. An shigar da mai launi tare da bangarori na launin ruwan kasa, tsire-tsire ya zama mummunan, ɓangarorin da suka mutu na siffar mai siffar sigar suna bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki. Dalilin cutar shine matsanancin danshi.
3. Kwayar cuta. Ƙwararrun mai daukar hoto shine microbes.

   A gefen ganye suna fara bushewa, ana samun siffofi a kan faranti. A ci gaba mataki da geranium da dama.

4. Kwayar cutar bidiyo. Ayyukan hoto na bidiyo na bambance-bambance daban daban, alamomin waje suna da yawa, shi ne darkening na ganye a cikin spots, da sluggishness na shuka, da kuma kama girma.
5. Kusawa. A kan tsire-tsire yana bayyana kumfa cike da ruwa, wadannan wurare bayan lokaci ya fara zama launin ruwan kasa. Wannan ya ƙunshi launin rawaya da fadowa da furanni. Dalilin shi ne wuce haddi da ƙananan zafin jiki.

Don hana matsaloli tare da ci gaba da ci gaban geranium, kamar kowane shuka, rigakafi yana da muhimmanci.

Domin magani, kana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau., cire wuraren da suka shafi abincin, shuka yanayin ƙasa, hasken haske, watering, kafa kyakkyawar magudi, dauki taki mai tsanani da kuma zabi.

Mafi yawan kwari na geraniums shine whitefly, gizo-gizo mites da aphids. Suna iya bayyana saboda iska mai bushe sosai.

A cikin yaki da kwari shi ne mafi kyau wajen kwariKafin amfani da su, dole ne a wanke geranium da ruwa mai gudu.

An yi amfani da maganin ingantaccen aspirin, an gurbe takarda a cikin lita 8 na ruwa da kuma fesa shuka, sake maimaita hanya bayan makonni uku.

Hanyoyin kiwo

Sake haifar da geraniums zai iya faruwa ta hanyar iri, harbe, cututtuka, ta rarraba daji a lokacin dasawa.

Lokacin da aka tsara dasa shi ne wajibi ne don raba ramin cikin sassa, wannan zai zama hanya mai kyau na haifuwa. A wannan yanayin, za ku buƙaci yin pruning.

• Ta hanyar kwantar da tsaba, geranium ba shi da kyau ga masu shuka furanni, kuma wannan hanya ba ta da kyau. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a hada ƙasa da yashi da humus kuma ya zama sako-sako.

  Makonni biyu kafin a sake haifar da shirin, sai a yi harbe tare da tsawon tsawon harbe na zagaye. Bayan rabuwa daga babban daji, wadannan matakai suna da tushe sosai kuma suna da tushe.

• Geranium samo tasiri sosai lokacin da grafting. Babban yanayin shi ne babban digiri na haske da high zazzabi. Wannan hanya an yi duka a spring da kaka. Ya kamata a yi a cikin layi daya kuma pruning. An kafa tushen tsarin cuttings lokacin dasawa ba tare da wata matsala ba.

  Don cikakken flowering ya kamata a yi amfani a matsayin taki potassium.

Duk da yake kula da geraniums, yana da daraja ƙin daga spraying da artificially humidifying iska.

Mafi kyaun godiya ga shuka da kuka fi so shine kulawa da kyau da kuma shirya tsarin hunturu.

Za a iya amfani da geranium daga ƙasa mai bude kuma sun rataye asalinsu a zafin jiki na +7 +15 digiri Celsius. Zai zama wajibi ne don wanke tushen, saka idanu kan yanayin shuka.

Tare da tsaftace ajiya a lokacin hunturu, geranium zai iya tsira da yanayin zafi mai zurfi, ya rage a ƙasa. Duk abin zai dogara ne akan iri-iri da nau'in geranium.

Geranium yana da wadata masu amfani da yawa., kyale amfani da ciyawa da asalinsu a matsayin magani kamar yadda mai cutarwa, hemostatic, wakili na antibacterial.

Yana da ƙauna mai ban sha'awa, ba ya kula da mai kula da kulawa da kulawa a gida, tana jin daɗin dubawa, tsaftace iska, caji da ƙarfin haɓaka.