Rhododendron - Wannan m ornamental shuka don gonar. Amma ba sauki a girma a yankinmu ba. Ƙasar ƙasar wannan flower ita ce Ruman, wanda yayi magana game da yanayin da ta dace da rashin lafiya da sanyi. Saboda haka, domin tsire-tsire suyi tushe, zai zama dole a bi duk ka'idodin fasaha na noma da ya dace da kuma samar da shi tare da kulawa mai kyau. A yau zamu tattauna game da yadda za a zabi seedlings don dasa shuki rhododendron a kan shafinku, game da fasalin wannan tsari, kuma ku kula da kulawa da kuma shiri na rhododendron don hunturu. Bugu da ƙari, bayanin game da amfani da shi a zane yanayi zai zama daidai.
Yancin dama na dasa kayan
Biyu ko hudu shekara rhododendron bushes su ne mafi kyau ga dasa. A lokacin sayan, kula da bushin rassan cututtuka (ƙananan rassan nan kusa da gwanin tushen), kuma a kan ganyayyaki (dole ne ya kasance ba tare da aibobi da swellings) ba. Har ila yau, tabbatar da duba asalin seedling, yana da rashin yarda cewa sun kasance rigar blotches da nodes. Wurin da ka saya seedlings yana da mahimmanci.
Zai fi kyau saya su a cikin lambu masu kwarewa ko ƙwarewa na musamman, kuma ba kyawawa ba ne a kasuwanni, tun da yake suna da matukar wuya (mafi yawan masu sayarwa ba su sani ba wane irin iri da kuma irin cinikin da suke kasuwanci).
Yana da muhimmanci! An fara masu farawa don farawa ba tare da wani irin rhododendron ba, amma tare da dasa bishiyar nau'in. Tun da jinsunan ba su da ƙarancin hankali kuma sun fi damuwa da sanyi fiye da iri-iri da aka samo asali. Duk da cewa iri iri ne masu jaraba a cikin launuka daban-daban, ana bambanta nau'ikan da bambancin launi.
Shuka rhododendron a gonar
Lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin lambun, ya zama dole ya bi wasu jagororin, lokacin da inda za a dasa shuki, yadda za a yi shi daidai, da kuma yadda za a shirya ƙasa.
Shin kuna sani? Woody rhododendron shine furen kasa na Nepal. A wannan ƙasa, ana amfani da rhododendron a fannin fure-fure, kuma a madadin ruwan 'ya'yan itace.
Lokacin da shuka rhododendron
An bada shawara a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa daga farkon Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Mayu, kuma daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamba. Amma a gaskiya, ana iya yin hakan a kowane lokaci a lokacin girma na shuka, ban da tsawon lokacin rhododendron, da kuma wasu makonni bayan karshen flowering.
Inda ya fi kyau shuka rhododendron a yankin
Rhododendron dasa shuki mafi kyau a wuri mai duhu a arewacin gidan. Kasar gona ya zama sako-sako da, acidic, da kyau drained, arziki a humus. Lokacin da ruwan karkashin ruwa a yankinka ya ke da zurfin ƙasa da mita ɗaya, an dasa shuki a kan gado mai tasowa. Lokacin da dasa shuki rhododendron yana da mahimmanci don kulawa da shuke-shuke makwabta.
Yana da wanda ba a ke so ya shuka rhododendron kusa da itatuwan da ke da tushen tushen tsarin, saboda za su dauki dukkan kayan gina jiki daga shuka. Ga wajibcin da ba'a so ya kamata su hada da Birch, Willow, Maple, chestnut, Linden, alder, da mazaunan shafin, kusa da abin da za ku iya shuka rhododendron na apple, pear, Pine, spruce, larch, poplar.
Yadda za a shirya ƙasa da shuka rhododendron
- Da farko, shirya rami don saukowa. Ana haƙa ramin ne game da zurfin zurfin 40, kuma kimanin 60 cm na diamita.
- Sa'an nan kuma shirya cakuda guda takwas buckets na peat da uku da rabi buckets na loam (loam za a iya maye gurbinsu da buckets biyu na yumbu). Dama wannan cakuda sosai, zuba shi cikin wani rami, kuma tamp da kyau.
- Bayan wannan, mirgine rami a cikin ƙasa girman wannan girman a matsayin tushen ball na seedling.
- Kafin dasawa ta kai tsaye, sanya rassan rhododendron a cikin ruwa, sannan kuma ka ajiye su har sai iska ta dakatar da tsayarwa.
- Sanya seedling a cikin rami kuma yayyafa rami tare da substrate zuwa sosai saman, sabõda haka, da wuyansa wuyansa ne a matakin surface na mãkirci, tamping shi don kawar da duk voids.
- Ruwan ruwa da tsire-tsire, kuma grumble ƙasa a kusa da gangar jikin tare da peat, gansakuka, sawdust, itacen oak, ko needles, wani Layer na kimanin 5-6 cm.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan akwai flower buds a kan seedling, ya fi kyau cire su sabõda haka, dukan sojojin na shuka suna directed a rooting na rhododendron, kuma ba a flowering.
Haɗuwa da rhododendron tare da wasu tsire-tsire kuma amfani dashi a cikin tsarin shimfidar wuri
Rhododendron zai sami wurinsa a cikin tsarin zane-zanen kusan kowane salon. Gidan yana da kyau a cikin rawar da ake ciki, kuma a cikin rukuni na rukuni, kuma a cikin akwati na ƙarshe, an haɗa shi da kyau tare da conifers, tare da wasu nau'ikan shuke-shuke. Zai fi dacewa a zabi irin waɗannan nau'o'in wanda rhododendron ke tsiro a cikin yanayi na halitta - dabba, larches, ferns, junipers, da sauransu.
Rhododendron cikakke ne don yin ado da lambuna masu zafi da gonaki mai tsayi. A saboda wannan dalili, nau'in tsirrai na rhododendron tare da lokutan flowering daban sun dace. Rubuta su, yin shinge na dutse, za ku iya tare da gentian, mountain pine, heather.
Sredneroslye iri-iri na rhododendron, sau da yawa ana amfani da su a cikin rukuni na rukuni a cikin nau'in fences masu rai, tare da zabin shafukan da ake son su. Alal misali, ana amfani da rassan haɗe da furen furanni tare da waɗannan tsire-tsire masu furanni tare da ja da furanni na furanni, da rhododendrons tare da furanni mai launin ruwan hoda da furanni tare da tsire-tsire masu furanni.
Shrubs dasa a kan Lawn ko tare lambu hanyoyi da curbs duba mai kyau, musamman lokacin da ado parquet lawn, ko da yake a cikin wannan yanayin kawai adult rhododendron bushes su dace (na akalla shekaru goma).
Samar da rukuni na rukodendrons tare da rhododendrons, an bada shawara don hada rayuka masu tasowa tare da bishiyoyi, yayin da suke "haɗuwa" tsirrai daban-daban. A tsakiyar abin da ke cikin abun da ke ciki ya dubi mafi tsayi tsire-tsire, kuma a gefuna - stunted.
Kulawa mai kyau na rhododendron a gonar
Gudanar da rhododendron ya ƙunshi hanyoyin da ake amfani da su a cikin tsire-tsire: ciyar da ruwa, shayarwa, weeding, kwaro da kula da cututtuka, da kuma samar da daji.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ana haramta izinin ƙasa a kusa da shuka, ba tare da izuwa shi ba, saboda tushen rhododendron yana kusa da farfajiya. Don wannan dalili, ya fi kyau a cire magunan da hannu, ba tare da yin amfani da yankakken ba.
Yadda za a ruwa
Rhododendron yana buƙatar yanayi mai yaduwa da ƙasa fiye da wasu tsire-tsire, musamman idan an kafa buds da lokacin flowering. Ya kamata a shayar da shi a kai a kai, kuma a cikin yanayin busassun ya kamata ya zama mafi, kuma ya yad da tsire-tsire da ruwa. Abubuwan dace suna shafar shafin a flower buds na rhododendron na gaba shekara. Ruwa da shuka yana buƙatar ruwa mai laushi (rabu, kogi, ko ruwan sama), wanda za'a iya tausasa shi tare da taimakon wani dintsi mai yawa, wanda ya jefa a rana kafin watering.
Rigin yin ruwa yana ƙaddara ta hanyar ganye: misali, lokacin da suke da laushi kuma sun rasa haɗarsu, to, tsire-tsire yana jin ƙishirwa. A lokacin da watering kasar gona ya kamata jika a 20-30 cm zurfin.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da watering ba zai iya zubar da tushen rhododendron ba, saboda suna da matukar damuwa da yawan dima. Koyi game da wuce haddi ruwa za a iya saukarwa da kuma rufe ganye.
Yadda za a ciyar da shuka
Na farko ciyar da rhododendron faruwa a farkon spring, da kuma na karshe - a ƙarshen Yuli, a karshen zamani flowering, lokacin da matasa harbe fara girma. Za a iya amfani da shi don ciyar da tsire-tsire mai laushi mai ƙanshi mai ƙanshi, da kuma gari mai ƙaho. Rhododendron ya fi son abincin ruwa, don haka an zubar da abincin da ruwa (rabo 1:15), kuma ya bar ya tsaya na kwana biyu. Kafin yin taki don rhododendron, ya kamata a shayar da shi.
Idan mukayi magana game da takin mai magani na ma'adinai, domin kada ayi tsoma bakin karfin (rhododendron ke tsiro a ƙasa mai acid), mafi kyawun yin amfani da superphosphate, ammonium sulphate, magnesium mai zurfi (1.2: 1000), har ma da kasaccen bayani mai potassium.
Hanya mafi kyau na takin mai magani ya haɗa da gabatar da takin mai magani ko ma'adinai na nitrogen wanda ya ƙunshi takin mai magani a cikin nauyin hamsin hamsin magnesium sulphate da hamsin hamsin ammonium sulphate da mita mita (ana amfani da takin mai magani a kasar gona a farkon spring), kuma a ƙarshen lokacin flowering (a farkon Yuni) ya kamata ya lissafta kimanin arba'in ammonium sulfate da sukari ashirin na potassium sulfate da superphosphate. A cikin Yuli, kawai ashirin da nau'in potassium sulphate da superphosphate an gabatar da murabba'in mita.
Shin kuna sani? Honey daga nectar wasu nau'in rhododendron, yana da hallucinogenic da kuma laxative Properties. Har ma da dattawan Romawa da Helenawa sunyi magana game da sakamakon lalacewar zuma daga rhododendron.
Yadda za a datse rhododendron
Rhododendron yana buƙatar ƙaddamarwa kaɗan da kuma pruning, saboda ƙananan bishiyoyi suna samar da siffar daidai. Duk da haka, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci zai zama wajibi ne a yanke manyan tsummoki, daskararre ko tsofaffi, wanda zai taimaka wajen sake rudodendron. Girgiran harbe na rhododendron a farkon spring, kuma wuraren wuraren cututtuka suna sarrafawa ta wurin farar lambun (amma kawai inda kauri daga cikin rassan ya kai 2-4 cm).
A cikin wata guda, barci mai kwance a kan tayar da harbe, da kuma sabunta sabuntawar farawa, wanda ke faruwa har shekara guda. An yanke daskararre ko tsofaffin bishiyoyi a wani tsawo na 30-40 cm daga kasa - rabin rabi a cikin shekara ta farko, da na biyu - na gaba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Rhododendrons suna da siffar halayya: sun yi girma kuma sunyi 'ya'ya da yawa a cikin shekara daya, kuma shekara ta gaba sun kasance mafi girman hali. Don kawar da irin wannan lokacin, yana da muhimmanci a karya kashe inflorescences da ƙananan nan da nan bayan flowering. Sa'an nan kuma rhododendron zai yi amfani da karfi da abinci don samar da furanni don shekara ta gaba.
Ana shirya don hunturu da tsari rhododendron
Dole ne a shirya rhododendron don hunturu a gaba. Don yin wannan, daga ƙarshen lokacin rani, ya kamata ka daina ciyar da shuka tare da nitrogen, sannan ka canza zuwa kayan da za a yi wa man fetur (wannan zai taimaka maturation na girma growths). Hakanan zaka iya ƙara colloidal sulfur zuwa ƙasa, wanda ke haɓaka ƙasa kuma yana jinkirta ci gaban fungi.
Rhododendron shrubs za a iya bi da su tare da wani daga cikin samuwa fungicides. A busassun kaka, dole ne a shayar da shuka kafin farawar frosts, amma a ruwan sama ba a buƙatar karin watering ba. Musamman ma danshi yana buƙatar nau'ikan jinsin rhododendrons.
Da zarar mummunan frosts zo, yana da Dole a dumama tushen yankin na shuka. Ana iya yin hakan ta hanyar mulching tare da Layer (10-15 cm) na peat, Pine needles, ko busassun ganye. Anyi haka ne a ƙarshen kaka. Low sanyi shuka ba mai hatsarin gaske, amma ma farkon tsari na rhododendron bushes zai iya haifar da tushen kumburi na wuyansa da mutuwar da shuka.
Yanzu, a zahiri, game da gina tsari don rhododendron. Da farko kana buƙatar yin firam na waya mai tsabta, sannan ka shigar da shi kafin duniya ta kyauta. Girmanta ya zama 15 cm ya fi girma fiye da shuka kanta, wanda ya sa rhododendron rassan ba su taɓa arcs ba.
Lokacin da yanayin iska ya sauko zuwa -10 ° C, ya kamata a rufe filayen da kayan kariya (ƙwayar polyurethane, polypropylene), kuma idan kayan abu ba shi da mawuyaci, to za'a iya lakafta shi a wasu layers (lutrasil, agrotex, spandbond da sauransu). A cikin shari'ar lokacin da shafi ya fara yin laushi, dole ne ka shimfiɗa fim din filastik a saman. Abubuwan da ke kan filayen suna da tabbaci, kuma ƙasa tare da tsawon tsawon yafa masa ƙasa.
Babu buƙatar gudu don cire tsari daga rhododendron, da zarar rana ta warms. A watan Maris, tsire-tsire yana cikin hutawa, kuma ba zai iya shawo kan ruwa daga ƙasa mai daskarewa ba, kuma rhododendron ganye suna iya ƙonewa tare da hasken rana. Sabili da haka, dole mu jira har sai kasa ta warwatse kuma ƙasa ta warke, saboda kawai za'a iya cire tsari daga rhododendron, kuma yana da mahimmanci don yin wannan a cikin rana mai duhu. A cikin kwanaki na farko bayan da aka cire kauyen, ana amfani da shuka mafi kyau don kauce wa cututtukan rana.
Shin kuna sani? Arewacin Amurka ana daukar wurin haifuwa na rhododendron, kuma rhododendron mai girma mai girma shine alamar jihar Washington.Tare da dasawa mai kyau da kulawa na gaba, wannan ɗanyen kayan ado mai ban sha'awa zai zama kawai ɓangare na abun da ke cikin lambun ku.
