Pasternak shi ne kayan lambu, kuma ba kawai quite dadi, amma kuma da amfani sosai. Duk da haka, aikin noma a kan gado na gida yana da ƙwayoyi masu yawa, ba tare da wanda ba zai yiwu a sami manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa ba. Yana da game da irin wannan nau'i a cikin noma na parsnips, kuma mun bayyana a kasa.
Shuka parsnips don seedlings
Hanyoyi na girma parsnip a kasar sun fi dogara da irin waɗannan kayan kayan lambu kamar tsawon lokacin girma. Idan a cikin tsakiyar tsakiya, inda Ukraine ke samuwa, ya yi da wuri don shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa, ta hanyar fall za ku tattara ƙananan ƙananan da ba su da lokaci don samarwa saboda yanayin sanyi wanda ba ya ragu. Saboda wannan dalili, an bada shawarar shuka shuka a farkon kan bishiyoyi, wanda a ƙarshen bazara zai iya dasa a kan gadaje ba tare da wata matsala ba.
Wani dalili da ya sa aka bada shawarar shuka parsnips don seedlings shine tsawon germination na tsaba, wanda kuma yana da ragu sosai na germination. A sakamakon haka, dasa shuki ne mai wuya, kuma girbin ba shi da farin ciki da yalwa.
Duk da haka lokacin da shuka shuka don seedlings, ya kamata a tuna cewa yana da matukar damuwa ga transplants kuma zai iya mutuwa ko da ƙananan lalacewa ga asalinsu. Sabili da haka, kafin shuka shuka iri tsaye, yana da muhimmanci a shirya tukwane masu rarraba don kowane shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kayan daji ne mafi kyau don shuka seedlings a kan bishiyoyi, wanda za'a iya amfani da su a cikin gadon lambun. Bugu da ƙari, wannan kayan lambu ya amsa sosai ga kayan yaji na peat, wanda zai ba ka damar "kashe tsuntsaye biyu da dutse daya".
Yadda za a shirya tsaba kafin dasa shuki?
Kamar yadda muka rigaya muka gani, tsaba na parsnip suna cike da mugunta, don haka suna buƙatar shiri na musamman kafin shuka, wanda za a iya yi a hanyoyi daban-daban. Hanyar mafi sauki ita ce ta kwantar da tsaba a ruwa mai dumi na rana, yayin da yake canza ruwa sau da yawa domin ya kasance dumi. Bayan haka, dan kadan kumbura ya kamata ya kasance da kyau tsari da girma stimulants, waxanda suke da manufa da kwayoyi:
- "Appin";
- "Harshen Turanci";
- "Cycron".
Zaka kuma iya jiƙa da tsaba a cikin wani bayani na ash (20 g na ash da 1 l na ruwa). Kula da su dole ne a cikin sa'o'i 48, bayan haka ya kamata ka wanke tsaba tare da ruwan dumi, bushe kadan kuma zaka iya ci gaba da dasa. Bayan shuka, seedlings zasu iya bayyana a ranar 10-12th, ko da yake yana da al'ada ga parsnip idan sun bayyana a ranar 18th.
Parsnip Ground
Cibiyar agrotechnology na girma parsnip yana buƙatar amfani da peat, loamy ko pitfall ƙasa ga shuka (ko ya fi kyau don amfani da cakuda daga gare su). Amma a gida, hanyar da ta fi dacewa don samun kwakwalwar ƙasa ta tanada akan peat kuma yana da matukar friability. Idan kana shirya ƙasa don parsnip da kanka, kar ka manta da su janye shi kafin shuka tsaba ta hanyar sieve. Yana da mahimmanci don cutar da "gida" ƙasa, wanda za ka iya riƙe shi a kan tururi ko sanya shi a cikin tanda.
Shuka Parsnip Tsaba
Abu na farko da kake buƙatar gano shi ne lokacin da za ku shuka parsnip akan seedlings. Zabi mafi kyau shine tsakiyar tsakiyar Maris, duk da haka, da jimawa ka yi albarkatu, mafi kyau da za'a dasa seedlings kafin a dasa su a cikin ƙasa. Idan kun shuka tsaba a karshen Maris, to, ta tsakiyar watan Mayu, seedlings zasu dace da dasa. 
An zuba ƙasa mai kyau a cikin tukunya da kuma kara kara kadan, yana barin kimanin 1 cm zuwa gefen tukunya. Bayan haka, an shayar da shi, kuma ana sanya tsaba 2-3 a kowace tukunya, har yanzu an rufe shi da wani launi na ƙasa. Don bugun da tsire-tsire, ana bada shawara don ƙarfafa makullin, amma sai wajibi ne a kwantar da su yau da kullum, cire tsari don minti 7-10. Tun da parsnip yana da sanyi, ba a daɗa dumi a cikin kwantena iri, ko da yake hasken rana yana da muhimmanci ga parsnip, musamman a lokacin da farawa sun fara bayyana daga tukunya.
Tsarin abinci
Pasternak- kayan lambu da ke nuna sauƙin dasawa da kulawa, wanda ya dace da tsirrai. Kula da seedlings na parsnip ya hada da kawai uku m fannoni:
- ƙarin haske, idan kwanakin yini ba ya wuce awa 14 (domin nuna alama shi wajibi ne don amfani da fitilu na musamman don tsire-tsire);
- matsakaici watering.
- babu damuwa da danshi a cikin tukwane da seedlings (don hana wannan, tabbatar da yin ramuka a cikin tukwane ko, kafin shuka tsaba, sanya claydite zuwa kasan).
Shuka seedlings na parsnip a bude ƙasa
Wannan tsari yana da mahimmanci don yin aiki sosai, saboda idan ka bi dokoki da aka bayyana a kasa, kana hadarin haɗari seedlings, wanda zai mutu kuma ba zai girbi girbi ba.
Lokaci don dasa shuki seedlings
Lokaci na dasa shuki seedlings na parsnip ya dogara ne a yankin da gidan ku da yanayin yanayi. Idan ƙasa a kan gadaje ba ta dumi har 4 °, to, yana yiwuwa a jinkirta dasa shuki sosai, ko da yake ana yin shi a rabi na biyu na watan Mayu, lokacin da seedlings sun riga sun kasance kwanaki 28-30. A lokaci guda, lokaci na dasa shuki na parsnip a cikin bazara ya fi kyau kada a ƙara ƙarfafa yawancin, domin a lokacin da aka dasa shuki ba zai sami lokaci ba don samar da asali.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kimanin kwanaki 10 kafin a shuka shuka na parsnip a gonar, ya kamata a dauka don gajeren lokaci a titi. Wannan zai taimaka mata ta kara ingantawa da kuma tabbatar da dashi sosai.
Zaɓi wuri don saukowa
Pasternak ya bunƙasa a cikin gadaje da ƙasa mai laushi, wanda ya kamata ya ƙunshi mai yawa peat. Idan kasar gona tana da ruwa, ba za ku iya dasa parsnips a ciki ba, ko kuma dole kuyi da lemun tsami kafin dasa.
Gado ya kamata ya kasance cikin wuri mai duhu, kodayake penumbra ba zai iya hana ku girbi ba. A cikin wani akwati ba za a zabi gadon parsnip ba, wanda ya girma:
- karas;
- faski;
- Parsnip;
- seleri.
Zai fi kyau shuka parsnip a fili, a cikin gadaje bayan albasa, beets, kabeji da dankali. Bugu da ƙari, yana da kyau a yi takin yankin kafin dasa shuki parsnip tun lokacin kaka, saboda tazarar dukkanin takin mai magani an wanke sosai a cikin ƙasa kuma yana iya zuwa ga shuka. A lokacin bazara, yana da mahimmanci don haƙa sama da gado kuma ya cire weeds daga gare ta, ya zama babban tudu na ƙasa a ƙarƙashin tsire-tsire.
Shuka seedlings a gonar
Pasternak ba ya son wuce kima na saukowa, don haka saboda saukowa ya zama wajibi ne don shirya jerin ramuka a nesa na 10-12 cm daga juna. A daidai wannan lokacin, nisa tsakanin layuka na tsire-tsire ya zama daidai da 40 cm (mun shirya ramukan da yawa, tun da za a sanya seedlings a cikinsu tare da tukwane na peat). Bayan an dasa shi, ƙasa tana kewaye da tukunya yana karawa da kuma shayarwa.
Idan kuka shuka shuka a cikin tukunyar filastik, to, a lokacin dasa shuki ya fi kyau a yanka su kuma samun parsnip tare da clod na ƙasa (idan yayi mummunan cutarwa, kawai ku zuba ginin da yalwa don jigilar jini tare da seedling ya fita daga cikin tukunyar). Ka yi kokarin dashi ba lalata seedlings ba, domin bazai daina zama a sabon wuri ba.
Tips don kula da parsnips a filin bude
Pasternak yana buƙatar kulawa a fili, wanda ya ƙunshi sauƙaƙe mai sauƙi. - kaucewa weeds, gyare-gyaren ƙasa na yau da kullum (abin da za a yi bayan kowace danshi ya kwanta gadon lambu), watering da kuma ciyar. Duk da haka, a cikin waɗannan al'amurra, injin yana da bukatunta.
Yaya za a yi amfani da parsnips na ruwa?
Pasternak ne mai dadi sosai, don haka a lokacin da aka samo asalin amfanin gona ya kamata a shayar da shi sosai sau da yawa, kodayake ba a yalwata ba. Idan ba shi da isasshen ishi, launi na ganye zai zama kodadde, kuma shuka kanta za ta ragu a girma. Sau da yawa, a ƙasa mai bushe, parsnip fara arrow, saboda abin da tushen amfanin gona baya samarwa. Idan wannan bai faru ba, rashin rashin ruwa zai iya haifar da fashewa daga tushen, sa shi fibrous da bushe.
Duk da haka, kodayake watering na parsnip ya kamata ya kasance mai yawa, ba ta da yawa. Bayan haka, idan lambun zai dashi danshi, Tushen zai iya zama kamuwa da naman gwari. Wato, idan rani ya yi ruwan sama, to wannan shuka bazai buƙatar watering. Babban abu bayan kowane gabatarwa a cikin ƙasa na ruwa shi ne ya sassauta shi, don haka tushen amfanin gona kullum karbi iska.
Shin kuna sani? A lokacin zafi, lokacin da iska ta bushe sosai, ƙwayoyin parsnip zasu iya ɓoye wani mahimmanci mai mahimmanci, wanda zai iya barin konewa akan fata. Saboda haka, idan ka yanke shawara don kajin gado da parsnips, ya fi kyau ka yi haka kafin ko bayan faɗuwar rana.
Yadda za a ciyar da parsnips?
Pasternak a dacha kuma yana buƙatar ciyarwa na lokaci, wanda ya kamata a yi tsawon lokaci na tsawon shuka a cikin fiye da sau 4.
A yayin aiwatar da taki dole ne la'akari da irin wadannan sharuddan:
- Pasternak an ciyar ne kawai tare da takin mai magani, a cikin rawar da zaka iya amfani da mullein, diluted da ruwa 1:10. Ana iya maye gurbinsa tare da bayani na ash ko ma'adanai.
- An fara cin abinci na farko bayan makonni biyu daga ranar da ake sawa, na biyu - bayan mako uku. Tare da kayan abinci biyu, za a ba da fifiko ga takin mai magani tare da abun ciki mai girma na nitrogen.
- Ana ciyar da abinci na uku a rabin rabin Yuli, na huɗu - a cikin makonni 2-3. Lokacin yin duk kariya ya kamata ka yi amfani da takin mai magani tare da babban abun ciki na potassium da phosphorus.
Ya kamata a lura da gaskiyar cewa ba kullum parsnip yana buƙatar taki. Idan kasar gona a cikin gonar ta kasance mai gina jiki kuma a lokaci guda ka gudanar da takin takarda a cikin fall, to, shuka bazai buƙatar ƙarin gyaran ba.Girbin Parsnip da ajiya
Da zarar ka lura cewa ganye na parsnip fara fara bushe da juya launin toka, zaka iya fara tattara kayan lambu. Amma idan parsnip ya kasance a cikin ƙasa kusan har zuwa farkon sanyi, zai amfane shi kawai. Tushen shuka zai iya zama babba, sabili da haka ya fitar da su daga ƙasa mafi kyau tare da toks, ƙoƙari kada su lalata kayan lambu kanta. Zai fi kyau aiki tare da safofin hannu domin kada ku ƙone fi.
An adana Parsnips kamar karas - a zafin jiki na 0 + 2˚Y, a cikin daki mai zafi na 80-85%. Ya kamata mutum ya kasance a shirye don gaskiyar cewa a cikin cellar wata hanya ko kuma wani parsnip zai zama taushi. Saboda haka, idan kana zaune a yankunan kudancin, za'a iya samo asalin wannan shuka a nan da nan don amfani da mutane, saboda suna da tsayayyar yanayin sanyi.
Shin kuna sani? Ko da yake parsnip ne mai dadi da kayan lambu mai kyau, shi ma yana da contraindications. Bai kamata a ba yara da tsofaffi ba. Haka kuma an haramta shi a cikin cututtuka irin su photodermatosis, lokacin da fata ya zama mai saurin kamuwa da hasken rana kuma yana cike da fushi.
Yadda za a magance kwari da cututtuka na parsnip?
Pasternak, ban da shuka da kuma kulawa da kyau, yana buƙatar kula da kwari, wanda tsire-tsire yake da yawa.
Daga cikin cututtuka mafi halayyar akwai:
- Sashen;
- rigar na kwayan cuta rot;
- black rot;
- chalcosporosis;
- farar fata da launin toka.
Wadannan cututtuka na iya bayyana kansu ta wurin baƙi mai duhu a kan tushen ko ganye. Don hana ci gaban fungi, ya kamata ku bi ka'idojin nan gaba:
- Shuka parsnips a kan gadon daya a cikin lokaci na akalla shekaru 3-4 kuma kar ka manta su bi magabansu.
- Bi ka'idojin agrotechnics da aka bayyana a sama, biyan hankali na musamman ga watering.
- Kafin dasa shuki a kan gadaje na seedlings na parsnip, duk weeds ya kamata a cire.
- Bordeaux ruwa (bayani 1%);
- Asusun ajiya;
- Topsin-M
- Carapy asu, babban ma'anar shi ne tushen, stalks da ganye. Don cire wannan tsiro mai hatsari, ya kamata a kula da shuka tare da gwaninta na musamman wanda aka shirya daga kilogiram na 3.5 na tumatir da lita 10 na ruwan zãfi (don nace na kwana biyu). Bugu da ƙari, ya fi dacewa, ya kamata ku ƙara kimanin 40 grams na sabulu na wanki na wanke, wanda aka sare a baya, zuwa mafita, wanda zai taimaka shi ya narke mafi kyau.
- Wutsiyar gonar da yake cike da tsire-tsire a kan tsire-tsire. A lokacin girma na shuka, har zuwa tsararraki 4 na kwari na iya bayyana, wanda zai iya bushe shuka sosai. Don magance shi, bi da parsnip tare da Karbofos ko Actellic.
- Aphid shi ne mafi haɗari ga parsnip, kamar yadda zai iya kusan hallaka gaba daya. Bugu da ƙari, wannan ƙwayar ce wadda take aiki a matsayin tushen cututtuka daban-daban. Don halakar da shi, amfani da "Antitlin", "Biotlin" da kuma miyagun ƙwayoyi a kan Colorado dankalin turawa, beetles - "Confidor".
