Bunsunia mai haske shine tsire-tsire mai banƙyama, alama ce mai ban sha'awa na rani maras kyau, wanda kuke sha'awar sha'awa, duk lokacin da yake wucewa ta wurin gado mai launi. Irin waɗannan nau'o'in launi, kamar petunia, na iya kishi kowane flower na shekara-shekara. Idan ka yanke shawara don ƙara launuka masu haske a gadonka, kula da petunia, saboda ba zai zama da wuya a girma da kuma fadada shi da tsaba ko cuttings ba.
Shin kuna sani? Farkon dabino na farko, wanda aka bayyana a cikin labarin, ya yi fari kuma an samu shi a Uruguay a 1973. An kira Petunia a matsayin asalin Nicotini a Latin, daga bisani an sake sa masa petun, wanda shine ma'anar taba a Portuguese, saboda petunia da taba suna da tsire-tsire masu dangantaka.
Yadda za a yi girma petunia daga iri
A cikin wannan batu, za mu dubi yadda za mu shuka petunia seedlings ta hanyar iri. Idan kun kasance mai siyarwa, to, don saukakawa ya fi kyau a zabi tsaba da aka shuka. Petunia yana da kananan tsaba (1 g -10 000 tsaba), don haka idan ba ka samo tsaba ba, to, don saukaka shuka, kawai ka hada da sababbin da yashi a cikin wani rabo na 1: 5. Wani abin kirki daga masu aikin lambu shine ya shuka tsaba a cikin wani dusar ƙanƙara da aka shimfiɗa a saman ƙasa. Wannan zai ba da haɓaka mai yawa kuma ya baka damar ganin ko tsaba suna warwatse.
A lokacin da aka yi tsaba da Petunia
Babu wani lokaci na musamman lokacin da ya wajaba don dasa petunia akan seedlings. Sharuɗɗan shuka yana dogara da lokacin da kuke sa ran flowering da abin da kuka fi so: kananan-launi (blooms 75 days bayan shuka) ko manyan-flowered (bayan 90). Za ku iya shuka tsaba a watan Fabrairun, amma sai ku tabbatar da cewa suna haskakawa akai-akai. Idan lokacin flowering bai da mahimmanci, to, ya fi kyau shuka a watan Maris tare da babban gefe, tun da ba duk ɓangaren tsire-tsire ba saboda ƙananan hasken rana.
Yadda za a shirya matashi don dasa shuki ganyayyaki
Petunia yana ƙaunar wadanda ba su da alkaline ba, sunadarai da tsabtace ƙasa, sabili da haka, an shirya mahimmanci na musamman don shi. Wajibi ne a haɗu a cikin adadin turf, humus da peat. Idan kana da ƙasa mai yalwa, kara kara yashi a wanzuwa cikin kashi 5: 1. Kafin dan lokaci don shuka tsaba na Petunia, dole ne a kara wadatar da ƙasa mai tsabta tare da substrate. A girke-girke na shirye-shirye ne quite sauki: 5 kilogiram na kasar gona gauraye da 500 g ash, 250 g na perlite da tablespoon na potassium sulfate. Idan babu potassium sulphate, maye gurbin shi tare da wani taki tare da babban abun ciki na wannan kashi. Sa'an nan kuma ku haɗa kome da kome, kuyi nauyi kuma ku bar wata rana.
Yadda za a shuka tsaba na petunia
Da farko kana buƙatar zabi wani akwati don dasa, zai iya zama kwalaye na filastik, kananan tukwane. Wasu lambu suna amfani da kwantena abinci tare da lids, sunyi kyau-greenhouses da ke ba ka damar kula da zafin jiki da ake so. Bugu da ƙari, sun haɗu da haske da ake buƙata don seedlings, kuma ana iya bayyana su sosai. Sanya ramin claydite a kasa na gangar da aka zaɓa, sa'an nan kuma wani ɓangare na ƙasa da aka shirya, latsawa mai sauƙi. Saki sauran raguwa ta wurin babban sieve kuma sa saman layin na kimanin centimeter. Yayyafa tsaba a saman, yayyafa da ruwa daga wani kwalba mai fesa. Ba ka buƙatar cika tsaba da ƙasa a saman, saboda haka kananan tsaba ba zasu iya fita daga ƙasa ba. Bayan kwashewa, rufe akwati da murfin filastik, gilashi ko zane.
Dole ne yanayi don fitarwa na seedlings
Idan ka yi duk abin da aka bayyana a sama, toho na farko zasu bayyana a mako bayan dasa. Don samun seedlings masu lafiya, sanin yadda za a shuka petunia bai isa ba. Daga lokacin da aka shuka tsaba, wasu yanayi da cewa wannan amfanin gona ya kamata a kiyaye. Da fari, samar da isasshen haske, ciki har da hasken rana da dare. Na biyu, kullum kula da yawan zafin jiki na 22-25 ° C. A wannan lokacin, babban aikin shine kula da matsanancin zafi da kuma hana mummunan laima da danshi, wanda zai haifar da cutar da ƙwayar kafa ta fata. Saboda haka, kana buƙatar kowace rana don shafe fim ko gilashi, wanda ya rufe "greenhouse" daga motsi.
Shin kuna sani? A halin yanzu, an samu samfurori masu tsinkaye da yawa zuwa sama -4 ° C, ana iya girma a yankunan kudancin matsayin perennials. Wannan ingancin yana ba da damar petunias girma a cikin tukwane ko gwangwadon kwalliya don murna da ido har zuwa Nuwamba.
Yadda za a magance petunia seedlings
Domin samun launi mai kyau da kuma yalwataccen petunia, bi bin dokoki masu sauki don kulawa da seedlings. Rashin ruwa da kuma fesa da seedlings tare da haske bayani na potassium permanganate, in ba haka ba seedlings mutu a lõkacin da kasar gona ta kafe da kuma hardens. Kuna buƙatar ruwa da su daga pallet ko ƙarƙashin tushen don kada babu saukowa a cikin ganyayyaki.
Lokacin da kamfanonin farko suka bayyana, za mu fara motsa su, a hankali kara lokacin da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin iska. Sauyawar canji a cikin zafin jiki zai iya haifar da mutuwar kananan shuke-shuke. Na farko da hudu zuwa biyar makonni, ƙwayoyin za su yi girma sosai a hankali, amma wannan al'ada ne: tsire-tsire suna samar da tushen tsarin. Sabili da haka, idan ka lura cewa asalinsu sun cika dukan clod na duniya, kana buƙatar ɗaukar petunia a babban akwati.
Pickling seedlings
Lokacin da ganye na farko suka bayyana a seedlings, su ne ruwa, wato, suna zaune. Wannan yana ba ka damar ƙarfafa tushen tsarin seedlings kafin dasa su a cikin ƙasa. Pre-moisten kasar gona, a hankali suma da iri tare da wand kuma cire shi, yayin da ba ƙoƙarin girgiza ƙasa. Cure seedling a tukunya tare da wannan cakuda ƙasa. Bayan bude shuke-shuke, ku zuba su, ku rufe ta da takarda kuma ci gaba da kasancewa a kai a kai kuma ku sassauta ƙasa. Kwana guda bayan daukana, sun fara ciyar da seedlings. Nitrophoska, Kemira, Mortar, da sauran takin mai magani na ruwa da 20-30 g da lita 10 na ruwa sun dace. Domin "karfafa" shuka, zamu cigaba da rage yawan zazzabi a cikin rana zuwa digiri 18-20, da dare zuwa 15-16 ° C. Don samun daji mai kyau da lush, girma harbe bukatar zaschpnut. A karkashin waɗannan yanayi, tare da hasken lantarki mai kyau da yalwacin danshi kana samun lafiya mai kyau.
Shin kuna sani? Furotinias na matasan Crazytunia suna da furanni wanda canza launi dangane da lokacin ci gaba da zazzabi, misali, daga lemun tsami zuwa launin ruwan inima.
Dasa seedlings a bude ƙasa ya kamata a gudanar da lokacin da spring frosts an over. Idan kun shuka tsaba a watan Maris, to, kusa da tsakiyar watan Mayu, seedlings suna shirye don dasa. Kafin wannan, yana da kyau a riƙe da kwantena a cikin wuri mai sanyi don dan kadan, don haka za'a iya amfani dashi da yanayin yanayi. Plot zabi bude da rana, amma muna ciyar da saukowa kanta a maraice ko rana mai duhu. Kafin dasawa, zai zama da amfani sosai wajen gabatar da takin gargajiya ko humus a cikin ƙasa, amma ba taki, zai iya haifar da ci gaban naman gwari. Pre-da moisten da seedlings a cikin tukwane da kuma dashi shi tare da earthen clod a nesa na 35-50 cm daga juna, sa'an nan kuma ruwa shi.
Yadda za a kafa petunia, girma shuke-shuke daga cuttings
Yanzu bari la'akari da yadda za a yi girma da ninka albarkatun petunia. Ta wannan hanyar, yawancin batutuwa da ƙananan petunias suna girma. Yawancin lambu sunyi la'akari da dasawa don zama mafi amintacce, tun da yake yana samar da kusan cikakke kuma yana da sauki don kulawa. Babban amfani da girma petunias daga cuttings shi ne a baya fiye da na tsaba, flowering - a cikin 25-35 days.
Lokacin kuma yadda za a shirya cututtukan petunia
Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa game da yadda za a yankan petunia. Babban sun danganta da lokacin girbi cututtuka da kuma dacewa da su. Yankan lokacin ya dogara da irin petunia: domin an girbe terry a ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon watan Maris, ampelnaceae za a iya sanya shi a kowane lokaci na shekara, idan an tanadar da zafin jiki a 22-25 ° C kuma ana nunawa a yau. A cikin tsire-tsire mai tsabta mai kwakwalwa tare da 4-6 ya tashi zuwa 10 cm tsawo an yanke shi a wani kusurwa.Waɗannan cututtuka na yankan an yanke a hankali a cikin rabin kuma dasa ¼ tsayin shiga cikin ƙasa ya shirya a daidai yadda aka shuka. Yana da kyau a yi cututtukan petunia a cikin tanda don seedlings ko kofuna na filastik na 500 g. An sanya cuttings a nesa kusan 2 cm daga juna da kuma rufe shi da gilashi.
Yadda za a tushen petunia, substrate shiri
Yin amfani da ci gaban stimulator don maganin petunia bai zama dole ba. An shirya madogarar ƙasa don amfanin gona kamar yadda yake dasa shuki tsaba, Bugu da kari ya dace da saman Layer na yashi 2 cm shayar da fungicide. Freshly yanke cuttings ana shuka su ne nan da nan, saboda su iya tushen sauri rage-rage. Da kyau shirya da kuma dasa seedlings yawanci kafe bayan mako daya a terry da ampel petunias kuma bayan biyu a calibrakhoa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan aka yi amfani da ƙwayar petunias ta hanyar yankan, kada ka yi amfani da wannan ƙasa.
Dokokin don kulawa da rike
A lokacin da yanke wani petunia, ka'idoji na kulawa da tsirrai iri daya ne don kula da seedlings. Wajibi ne don saka idanu da ƙasa mai laushi da kuma yayyafa cututtuka daga sprayer, yayin kaucewa dampness; kula da zafin jiki na 22-24 ° C kuma samar da ci gaba da nunawa. Amusun petunias da calarahoa suna son sararin samaniya, saboda haka an rataye kayansu. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ƙafar fata ba ta bayyana a yanayin dampness mai tsanani, ya kamata ka cire waxannan cututtukan cututtuka, kuma a rage sauran sauran da wani bayani mai rauni na potassium da kuma dan kadan bude akwati don yin iska..
Fayyace petunias
Don ba daji mai kyau siffar kuma ƙarfafa deciduous taro, da seedlings tsunkule a kan 4-6 leaf. Bugu da ƙari, ƙananan harbe, a yanka a lokacin kilma, cikakke ga noma. Idan ya cancanta, zaka iya maimaita maimaitawa a cikin kwanaki 10-14. Bayan kimanin mako guda, mai ban mamaki da kuma terun petunia yana da tushe, kuma calibrahoa ya ɗauki makonni biyu. Sake bugun da cututtukan petunia a cikin hanyar da aka samar daga seedlings. Babban seedlings bayan yanke cuttings zai bunƙasa kuma inganta har ma da sauri, kada ku ji tsoro cewa za ku lalata shi.
Dasa yanke
Lokacin da cuttings kai tsawon tsawon 10-15 cm, suna dasa a cikin tukwane na matsakaici diamita. Yawanci, saukowa yana faruwa a farkon ko tsakiyar watan Mayu, lokacin da yawancin zazzabi na yau da kullum ya fi digiri 15. Zai yiwu a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai bude ko gwangwani, sai ku ciyar da su da takin mai magani. Petunia yana buƙatar karin ciyarwa a duk tsawon lokacin flowering, yawanci ana gudanar da ita a kowace kwanaki 10 tare da jigon mullein ko vermishim.
Petunia yana da tsire-tsire masu tsada, yana fama da cututtuka da dama daga cututtuka daban-daban da cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka, daga abin da babu kwayoyi. Duk da haka, idan kun san yadda za ku shuka shuka da kyau, ku iya kauce wa matsaloli da damuwa cikin wannan aikin mai ban sha'awa!
