Mai shi wanda kake mai albarka 6 kadada ko ƙasa mai mahimmanci, inda ka shirya tsara tsarin kasuwancin ka na girma da sayar da kayayyakin aikin noma, tambaya game da zabar hanyoyi na girma da seedlings, da kayan lambu na farko zasu tashi.
Noma na tsire-tsire iri-iri a fili, musamman ma a cikin yanki mai nisa, ba shi da tabbas. Kuma idan yana yiwuwa a shigar da daya ko fiye da tsire-tsire greenhouses, maigidan zai iya la'akari da kansa sa'a.
Duk da haka, mafi yawan lokutan lambu da kuma lambu sun fi son ƙananan, mai sauki don yin da tattalin arziki greenhouses, wanda za a iya yi a zahiri daga abin da aka cire.
Kowace al'ada tana da kyanta?
Kusan dukan al'adu suna dace da girma a greenhouses. Bayan haka, eggplants, watermelons, barkono da tumatir - Masu goyon baya, waɗanda basu yarda da yanayin zafi ba, zasu iya kashe koda koda karamin sanyi. A mataki na farko Ana buƙatar kundin faifai don kula da microclimate akai. Za su taimaka kare shuke-shuke daga ƙanƙara, dew da kuma farji, kaka frosts.
Kayan lambu
Yana dace da girma da yawa kayan lambu a cikin fim greenhouses, kwalaye rufe tare da Frames tare da polyethylene ko gilashi, tunnels.
Ƙungiyar Greenhouse an tattara daga arcs, wanda aka sanya a nesa da 1, 5 mita daga juna. A kan waɗannan arcs tam tightened filastik kunsa.
Ridges a cikin irin wannan greenhouses an sanya daga cakuda humus da taki, foliage, wanda, decomposing, dumi tushen shuke-shuke da iska a karkashin fim. A cikin wannan karamin - greenhouses yana da kyau a yi girma cucumbers, tumatur da tumatir, zucchini, squash.
Kwalaye cike da taki kuma an rufe su tare da gilashi ko fim suna dace da girma tumatur, barkono.
Don iska A karshen watan Mayu - Yuni, ana bude tunnels daga ɗaya ko biyu. A kwanakin zafi, an cire fim din gaba ɗaya ko rabi, yana rufe kayan lambu kawai don dare. A rabi na biyu na watan Yuli - Agusta, hotunan fim zai kare tsire-tsire daga shinge mai sanyi da kuma ci dasu. Koda a karshen Agusta za ku iya cin abinci a kan matasa cucumbers da zucchini.
Eggplant
Ɗaya daga cikin al'adu masu tausayiyana buƙatar kare ƙasa - eggplants. Kasar gona a cikin greenhouse ya kamata a shirya a cikin fall.
Bayan cire saman Layer na kasar gona a 0, 5 - o, zurfin mita 8, a cikin rami ya sanya ginshiƙan, wanda aka haɗa a cikin jirgin. Yana da shawara don yin ganuwar ƙarfe biyu.cewa adana zafi mafi kyau. Bayan cire ragowar daga cikin filayen, kwari kuma ya fita daga akwatin, tono ƙasa.
Yarda da shi da ruwa da kuma wankewa: Bleach - 100 grams da mita, ko formalin, 250 grams na kashi 40 bisa dari wanda aka diluted tare da lita 10 na ruwa da zubar a ƙasa, inda matasa eggplants za su yi girma.
Wadannan matakan zasu taimaka wajen kiyaye dukkanin seedlings.
Tuni a watan Fabrairun - Maris, 'yan matan sun shuka tsaba na tsirrai a cikin gandun daji. Don makonni 2 - 3 kafin dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse, yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin inda seedlings girma, an saukar da zuwa 15 - 18 digiri. Domin mako guda kafin dasa shuki, ana ciyar da su da takin gargajiya, waɗanda ake bi da su don cututtuka da kwari. Zaka iya amfani da ruwa na Bordeaux, zaka iya amfana.
A cikin greenhouses eggplant za a iya shuka a farkon shekaru goma na Yuni. Idan dumi, yanayin rana ya samo asali, ana warke kasar gona, za su wuce izini.
A kasan makomar da ke nan gaba daya mako kafin dasa bishiyoyi, an cika naman alade sa'an nan kuma bayanan ƙasa. Harshen greenhouse frayed tare da polyethylene. A cikin irin wadannan greenhouses, shuke-shuke girma da kuma inganta da kyau: idan ya cancanta, da Frames suna da sauki ya dauke ko bude don samun iska.
Dole ne ku yi ta tono kuma ku sassauta ƙasa.
Jirgin da zurfin 16 - 20 centimeters an yi a nesa da 40 - 50 centimeters daga juna. Zai fi kyau shuka shuke-shuke a jere daya, amma idan ka yanke shawara don ajiye sararin samaniya, za ka iya shuka tsirrai a cikin wata hanya mai banƙyama, ta kara nisa da 10 centimeters.
Shower nauyi seedlings 3 hours kafin transplanting, wannan zai taimaka kauce wa lalacewa ga tushen tsarin.
Ana zuba ruwan zafi a cikin rijiyoyinto, a hankali sanya wani daji a cikinta, yayyafa shi da ƙasa.
Bayan dasawa, kana buƙatar ciyar da kowace seedling.
Kwayoyin ganyayyaki suna da girma fiye da waɗanda suke girma a bude ƙasa, sabili da haka, kamar yadda suke girma Dole ne a ƙulla shi. Ruwa da tsire-tsire a hankali, kamar yadda tushen tsarin yana kusa da farfajiya. Kwanan nan watering, airing, ciyar 3-6 sau a wata - kuma amfanin gona zai gigice ku.
Bow
Shuka albasa karkashin fim mai sauqi qwarai. Zaka iya amfani da murfin fim din mafi sauki, da kuma ɗakin murfin mai ɗaukar hoto, da akwatin.
Girbi na farko ana iya samun alkala mai laushi ta hanyar dasa albasa a cikin fall. Albasa suna girma sosai a wurare inda eggplant, tumatir ko beetroot su ne magabata.
Idan kun shuka shi inlasta takalma, za ka iya shuka sevok kusa da junaidan kuna buƙatar turnipdasa shi a nesa 25 - 30 inimita daga juna. Lokacin da aka gama da dasa, rufe gado tare da launi na peat, rassan, fim. A ƙarshen Maris - Afrilu na farko, za a iya cire tsari, a kamata a shayar da gadaje da kyau kuma a rufe su tare da gilashi, polyethylene ko polycarbonate.
Za a iya yanke gashin tsuntsaye mai tsabta bayan bayan makonni 3 - 4.
Idan kuka dasa albasa a farkon lokacin bazara, za ku girbe amfanin gona na farko a watan Mayu ko farkon Yuni. Kada ka manta da ruwa da albasarta, ka ciyar da su ka kuma dauke su a kwanakin dumi.
Kabeji
Very sauki girma a cikin greenhouse kabeji. Domin samun girbi mafi girma, kana buƙatar kulawa da tsirrai. Tsaba na farko cikakke irin kabeji suna sown a seedling kwalaye da haske, Organic-arziki ƙasa a tsakiyar Fabrairu.
- Don girma greenhouse kabeji mafi kyau don amfani binne a cikin akwatin tare da garkuwa biyu, waɗanda suke iya riƙe zafi da kyau kuma ba su yarda da ƙasa ta zama gushe a kan tsire-tsire ba. A ƙarshen Maris - Afrilu na farko, kuna buƙatar ku kyauta daga dusar ƙanƙara, duba yanayin yanayin da za ku rufe gine-gine.
- Bayan bayyanar na farko ganye seedlings bukatar swoop down, zaune a nesa da 5 - 10 centimeters daga juna.
- Greenhouse cika bita, wanda, lokacin da bazuwar ba, ya warms kasar gona da kyau. Top zuba a cakuda soddy humus, ƙasa fata da ƙasa. Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse yana da digiri 20, zaka iya shirya kofuna tare da ƙwayarka, ba da tsire-tsire don amfani da sabon microclimate kafin a canzawa. Amma sau da yawa dasa kabeji nan da nan a cikin ƙasa.
- Distance tsakanin seedlings kada ya zama ƙasa da 5 inimitaidan kuna shirin shuka kabeji a bude ƙasa. Idan har ya kai a ƙarƙashin fim din, nisa tsakanin su ya kasance 40 - 50 centimeters.
- Watering na buƙatar kulawa na musamman: buƙatar moisten dukan ƙasa, pouring 1-2 lita ga kowane shuka, akalla uku buckets na ruwa da 1 square mita. Amma a lokaci guda ka tabbata cewa ruwa ba ya fada a kan ganyayyaki, saboda haka ba a wanke ƙasa a kusa da tushe mai tushe ba. Kada ku zubar da ruwa gaba daya, tabbatar cewa an shafe shi gaba daya. M watering - 1 lokaci a cikin 10 - 15 days. Idan yanayin yana da rana da kuma dumi, watering da kabeji wajibi ne sau ɗaya kowace rana 3-4, hana ƙasa daga bushewa fita.
Za a iya yanke mabanin fari na fararen kabeji tare da wannan hanyar namo a tsakiyar Yuli.
Beijing Beijingwanda, don ci gaba mai kyau da tsufa, yana buƙatar matsanancin zafi, iska mai zafi daga 15 zuwa 25 digiri da haske mai yawa, yana tsiro kamar greenhouses - tunnels, da kwalaye. A lokacin rani daga ɗayan yanar gizon zaka iya samun biyu, ko ma amfanin gona guda uku. An dasa itatuwan farko a cikin greenhouses karkashin fim tsakiyar watan Afrilu, marigayi iri iri - a tsakiyar watan Yuni. Tsarin Beijing yana da kwantar da hankali a ƙasa ba kome, don haka zaka iya cire shi a cikin greenhouse a tsakiyar Oktoba.
Ciyar da ake bukata shuke-shuke, don dakatar da ci gaban: sau ɗaya cikin kwanaki 7-10, tabbatar da ruwa da kabeji tare da gyaran urea a nauyin 2 spoons da guga na ruwa, takin gargajiya. Wadannan al'adu sun amsa da kyau tare da yin amfani da tsuntsaye tare da ruwa.
Radish
Don girma radish a cikin greenhouse kana buƙatar zabi wuri mai haske - Ginin ba ya jure wa rashin hasken rana.
An dasa shi a greenhouses, waɗannan tushen iya zama a farkon watan Afrilu. Mafi amfani dashi don dasa mafi yawan tsaba kamar yadda radish girma daga ƙananan yara kusan yana da kibiya.
Ana iya shuka radishes kowane kwanaki 25, kuma daga tsakiyar Agusta, za'a iya amfani da murfin fim don girbi amfanin gona har zuwa marigayi kaka.
Greenery
A cikin ganyayyaki na ganye za'a iya girma ta farkon watan Mayu. Dill, letas, watercress, mustard, faski ba ji tsoron sanyi. Zai yiwu a shuka ganye a cikin wani gine-gine da aka shirya a kaka tun farkon Afrilu. Hoton fina-finai zai kare daga sanyi kuma ci gaba da dumi. Kada ka manta da ruwa da seedlings, don yin iska a kan kwanan rana. A lokacin da ake buƙatar tsari don wasu albarkatun gona, ganye za su bayyana a fili a fili, amma a cikin 1 - 1, 5 watanni na greenhouse, a matsayin mulkin, a cikin watan Afrilu-Mayu, zai zama da amfani, yana jin dadin ku da bitamin farko.
Hoton da aka saba yi a kan baka Sama da dill ko gadon salat na iya samar da tsari, wanda zai iya taimaka wajen samun girbi sosai.
Flowers
Hotuna da Gidan Gida lokacin da girma furanni Ana buƙatar sabõda haka kada gũguwa ta ɓãta maka rai.
Mafi sau da yawa don kare seedlings na furanni da kuma riga kafa shuke-shuke amfani tunnel greenhousesjanye fim a kan arc a hadarin sanyi.
Irin wannan mafaka suna ba ka damar hanzarta ci gaban seedlings, don kawo lokaci na flowering.
Tulips, daffodils, crocuses, da kuma sauran mutane da yawa za su yi farin ciki da ku da wata rana a baya idan suka girma a greenhouses - kwalaye har ma da kawai a karkashin fim.
Strawberries
Don kimanta sharuddan samar da wannan amfanin gona zai taimaka wajen rami, wanda za'a iya ɗaukar fim din da sauƙi don samun iska. Sau da yawa, lokacin da girma strawberries a greenhouses, binne da kuma insulated trenches ana amfani da kullum updated topsoil.
Tunnel greenhouses sun kafa kayan gada tare da strawberries a watan Afrilu, ta tsakiyar watan Yuli za'a iya cire fim ɗin, a tsakiyar Yuli - Agusta, fim din a kan irin wannan greenhouse zai sake dawowa.
A cikin sanyi sanyi a cikin yankuna masu noma strawberries a cikin wani gine-gine kusan kusan a ƙarƙashin murfin, don tsire-tsire masu girma ba su buƙatar adadi mai yawa.
Watermelons
Wani babban gado na ƙasa mai yashi, wanda aka rufe a cikin akwati da katako na katako ya wajaba don ci gaba da dasa shuki da girma a cikin greenhouse.
Frames tare da gilashi ko babban fim zai kare m al'adar daga spring frosts. Yayin da al'adun gourdos ke tsiro, za a iya sauya tsawo a cikin tsari ta hanyar taimakon arcs, wanda aka shigar a cikin ƙasa a nesa da mita 1 zuwa 1.5.
Ruwa da ƙasa a greenhouses 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 3 - 4. A lokacin da alamun farko na 'ya'yan itace ke sha karuwa.
Ka tuna cewa idan ka dasa tsire-tsire da tsayi, ƙoƙarin ajiye sararin samaniya, adadin ovaries zai zama mafi, amma 'ya'yan itatuwa da kansu - kasa. Sanya mafi kyau shine daga 40 zuwa 60 centimeters.
Yana da muhimmanci: watermelons cikakke Kada ku yi haƙuri da weeds, Saboda haka, ba kawai watering, loosening da miya, amma har akai weeding ake bukata don girbi.
Abin sha'awa: dakatar da shayarwa na tsawon makonni 3 - 4 kafin ranar girbi da gyaran fim din, don kada ruwan sama ya kwashe gado na lambun, taimaka samun ba kawai daidai balaga, amma kuma mai dadi, sugary berries.
Seedling
Ya dace da seedlings kowane irin greenhouses. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a tabbatar cewa samun dama ga seedlings yana dace.
Zai fi kyau a saka riga nutse shuke-shuke a greenhouses, transplanted a cikin kofuna waɗanda.
A bude ta atomatik greenhouses a spring wanda ba'a so saboda akwai hadarin hypothermia seedlings. Da wannan tsari, seedlings na lokaci don ban ruwa da takin mai amfani yana da yawa fiye da lokacin da shuka tsaba a ƙasa.
Don shuka a kan gadaje mai dumi a karkashin tsari zuwa wuri na dindindin mafi kyau cucumbers, watermelons, zucchiniwanda ba sa son dashi.
Yi la'akari da zaɓi na wuri don greenhouse, ya kamata a yi yawa hasken rana sabõda haka, seedlings ba stunted, tare da overly tsawo da kuma fra stal stal.
Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya fara tashi zuwa digo 18 - 20 a rana, za ka iya fara airing, Hardening na seedlings: na farko bude na 10 - 20 minutes, hankali ƙara lokaci zuwa 3 - 4 hours.
Kafin dasa shuki seedlings, kasar gona a cikin greenhouse an shayar da alheri don kada ya lalata tushen lokacin digging.
Kammalawa
Gidajen yin amfani da lambun gine-gine suna ba da gudummawar taimako ga dukkan lambu da kuma masu manyan makirci na ƙasar. Tare da zabi mai kyau na samfurin greenhouse, wurin da za a saka shi da kuma rufe kayan, su rage yawan hadarin daskarewa, mutuwar seedlings da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ƙãra lokaci na 'ya'yan itace, taimakawa don samun girbi na farko na duka ganye, da kayan lambu da berries.
