Bayanai da abun da ke cikin ƙasa mai kyau don barkono: don seedlings da gonar, yadda zaka dafa hannunka

Ba tare da shiri mai dacewa na ƙasa ba, ba zai yiwu a shuka shuka na farko ba.

Kasuwanci yana samar da gauraye masu yawa daban-daban na ƙasa, amma masu fama da gogaggun kwayoyi suna bada shawarar bada shawarar samar da ƙasa don seedlings akan kansu.

Batun labarin yau shine manufa mai kyau ga barkono: don seedlings da kuma dasa shuki tsirrai. Ana shirya ƙasa don barkono seedlings tare da hannunka.

Dama dama

Kyakkyawan ƙasa don dasa shuki ya kamata:

• zama sako-sako da, haske, tare da tsari mai laushidon tabbatar da samun dama ga iska da ruwa;
• dauke da microflora mai raikwayoyin halitta;
• ci gaba cikin mafi kyau duka rabbai ga seedlings potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, baƙin ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, tutiya;
• wasa da abun da ke ciki na kasar gona wanda za'a yi girma barkono;
• wanda zai iya haɗuwa da danshiba tare da kafa wani ɓawon burodi ba;
• sami nau'in pH wanda bai dace ba don barkono pH ~ 5-7. Irin wannan nau'in acidity yana kare barkono daga cutar ta fata da fata.

Ƙasar mai kyau ba ta:

• za a iya kamuwa da weeds, larvae, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyi, tsutsotsi, figal spores, abubuwa mai guba, pathogens, rotting kwayoyin halitta;
• suna da lãka.

Abincin ƙasa, manufa don kayan barkono na barkono, ya ƙunshi oxides na phosphorus da potassium, sulfur, boron, molybdenum, zinc, baƙin ƙarfe, jan karfe, manganese, magnesium, da kuma calcium a daidai yadda aka kwatanta.

Seedlings

Yadda za a dafa ƙasar don barkono seedlings:

1. A wani bangare: yashi, peat, humus, ƙasa.
2. Sod, gonar lambu, takin, yashi - a daidai hannun jari. Ƙara itacen wuta a madadin gilashin kilo 10 na fili.
3. Daidai lowland peat, humus. Enrich da potassium sulfate da superphosphate.
4. Ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin takin (peat), yashi (perlite), biyu turf.
5. A wani ɓangare, gauraye mai yalwa da yashi, ƙara uku lobes na sod sodium.
6. Haka kuma takarda da ƙasa na sod, kamar adadin humus, yashi, vermiculite, perlite don zaɓar daga.
7. Land, humus, yashi, itace ash.
8. Tsarin kasa, kogin yashi, peat gauraye a daidai daidai, zuba guga na ruwa tare da superphosphate, potassium sulfate (30 g) da urea (10 g).
9. Duniya, humus, peat a cikin wannan girma, rabin lita na itace ash, 2 wasanni na supersphosphate.

Ƙari a kan abin da aka haɗa

Peat

An yi amfani dashi a matsayin foda mai yalwa. Akwai nau'i uku:

• lowland: ba m, mai arziki a cikin abubuwan gina jiki;
• matsakaici;
• babbayana buƙatar wadatarwa da lemun tsami ko ash. Ana maraba da samfurori da magnesium.

Ga enrichment na peat, an bada shawara don ƙara 2% phosphate taki. Sa'an nan kuma sakamako zai fi girma.

Sand yashi

Yana samar da tsabtaccen ruwa, yana taimakawa wajen samuwar ɓangare na daji. Ya sanya ƙasa porous, haske.

Turf

Don satura ruwan magani na ƙasa, inganta tsarin a lokacin rani-kaka, cire saman kashin ƙasa tare da ciyawa. Gina a cikin kwalaye. Yi zafi kafin amfani.

Sphagnum mosses

Ƙara yawan abun ciki a cikin danshi. Karɓar halaye na kwayoyinidal hana tsirewar tsarin tsarin seedling.

Sawdust

Ƙarin sharar gida sauƙaƙe ƙasa, ƙara haɓakawa.

Takin

Ya ƙunshi humus, don haka ya zama dole don ci gaban ci gaba na seedlings. Ƙara yawan haihuwa, samun iska.

Perlite

Lokacin da girma seedlings a cikin gaurayawan da ke dauke da abu na asalin volcanic, haɗarin cututtukan fungal da cututtukan seedling da aka rage. Kare kariya daga samuwar lumps, caking, tamping, canjin yanayi.

Vermiculite

Cunkushe Ma'adin Ma'adini ceton daga bushewa fita.

Ash

Dandana lambu sun fi son Birch.

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa don seedlings na barkono

A ƙarshen lokacin rani da kaka, ana adana samfuran samfurori: ƙasa, turf, peat, gansakuka, sawdust, takin. Zai yiwu a ci gaba da shirye-shirye a cikin jaka filastik, jakunkuna, kwalaye, buckets, a ƙarƙashin zafin jiki. Yana da shawara cewa suna da daskararre.

Lura! Land daga wurin lambu zai iya ƙunsar tsaba na shuke-shuke da ba'a so, cutarwa kwari da larvae, pathogens. Kada kayi amfani ba tare da cututtuka ba, ko maye gurbin wanda aka saya.

Kada ku ƙara hatsi, sabo da takin gargajiya, turbaya ba tare da sarrafawa ba.

Don inganta ƙasa don seedlings a cikin hanyoyi masu zuwa:

• Don rage pH, neutralize sinadaran da ba'a so, aiwatar da kwayoyi irin su Flora-S.
• Etch tare da masu fatar jiki, kwari. Wannan hanya yana da abin dogara, mai aiki na dogon lokaci. Ya kamata a tuna cewa hadari na irin wannan kwayoyi don lafiyar, ya kiyaye duk ka'idojin kiyayewa.
• Safa har zuwa awa dayashawo kan lokaci. Wajibi ne a adana ƙasa a cikin kwantena da aka daskare cikin wuri mai tsabta. A irin wannan aiki, kwayoyin cututtuka, naman gwari, larvae da qwai na kwari suna lalacewa, amma ƙananan ƙwayoyin jiki da ma'adanai sun kasance.
• Don inganta microflora tsari tare da bayani kamar "Baikal", "Gumi" bisa ga umarnin.
• Gumi na rabin sa'a a cikin tanda, tanda a zafin jiki na + 40-50 °. Rashin haɓakar wannan hanyar ita ce, tare da abubuwan da ba a so, an halakar da kayan da suka dace.
• Don daskare. 30-40 days kafin dasa shuki don dumi, tare da sauran kayan gyara, sake daskare.
• Disinfect da potassium permanganate bayani. Bugu da ƙari, je wakilin antifungal.

Magunguna masu tsufa sun fara haɗuwa makonni 2-3 kafin fara dasa. Duniya, sod, peat, tarin hankali. Zaɓi ragowar shuke-shuke, pebbles, abubuwa na waje.

Wurin da aka zaɓa a cikin akwati mai dacewa. Knead lumps. Mix sosai har sai da santsi. Ƙara yashi, perlite. Za su haɗu da dukkan abubuwan da aka gyara zuwa daya, sake sake haɗuwa.

Kwana guda kafin shuka, cika kwantena da aka shirya da seedlings. Bayyana bayani mai haske manganese. Ƙara ash, taki.

Shin, zai yiwu a zuba ƙasa a cikin seedlings na barkono?

Pepper seedlings ba sa bukatar ƙarin ƙasar.

Amma, idan akwai irin wannan buƙata, yayyafa seedlings ba tare da rufewa na farko da ganye da aka bari ba daga shuka tare da ruwan magani, ko zuba shi tare da cakuda ƙasa da aka bi da amfani da shayi shayi. Ƙara zuwa ƙidodi masu yawa.

Bayan yin amfani da ƙananan ƙananan tushe, dakatar da dasa shuki na seedlings, in ba haka ba gawarwar tushen tsarin zai rage, zai iya farawa.

Shiri na ƙasa don barkono seedlings

Yadda za a shirya ƙasa don barkono seedlings? Domin kada a lalata shuke-shuke da kyau, dole ne a shirya ƙasa a cikin gidan zama na dindindin na barkono:

• Bincika gadaje a gaba, yi hadaddun da takin mai magani daidai da irin ƙasa.
• Bayan 'yan kwanaki kafin a dashi samar da yawan watering.
• Yi ramuka, zurfin daidai da damar da ƙãre seedlings, zubar da ruwa mai rabu dakin zafin jiki.
• Drop barkono.

Fiye da hankali, tare da kiyaye duk ka'idodin fasaha, an shirya ƙasa, mai karfi, mai girma da tsire-tsire. Daga haihuwa na kasar gona ya dogara da lokacin namo. Bayan samun dukkan kayan da ake bukata, kai tsaye daga ƙasa, lokacin da za a samo kayan inganci mai kyau ya rage ta 1-2 makonni. Abincin ya zama mai yawan gaske, ya fara a baya.

Abubuwan amfani

Read wasu articles a kan barkono seedlings:

• Proper namo na tsaba da kuma ko su jiƙa da su kafin dasa?
• Yadda za a yi girma baƙar fata barkono, chili, m ko mai dadi a gida?
• Mene ne masu bunkasa ci gaba da kuma yadda za'a yi amfani da su?
• Babban dalilan da ya sa ganye suna karkatarwa a harbe, tsire-tsire suna fada ko an fitar da su, kuma me ya sa harbe ya mutu?
• Dokokin dasa a yankuna na Rasha da musamman ma namo a cikin Urals, a Siberia da yankin Moscow.
• Koyi dokoki na dasa shuki Bulgarian da zafi barkono, kazalika da dadi mai dadi?