Yanzu yana da wuya a samu a kalla daya mazaunin rani wanda ba shi da tumatir a kan mãkirci. Na dogon lokaci, tumatir sun zama masoya na kowa. Ciyar da shuka a gida ba wuya. Amma tsari na dasa shuki seedlings - yana da troublesome.
Sugawa har ma mafi yawan kayan da aka shuka shi ne danniya wanda ya kamata a rage, bin wasu dokoki don dasa shuki seedlings. Yana da game da waɗannan dokoki kuma za a tattauna a cikin labarin. Za ku koyi lokacin da ku dasa tsaba da tumatir, ko yana yiwuwa a canja wurin seedlings don buɗe ƙasa a watan Afrilu kuma yadda za a tabbatar da cewa yana shirye don dasa.
Muhimmancin lokaci daidai
Mutane da yawa sunyi imani da cewa an shuka shuka a baya, da sauri za a iya samun girbi. Abin da ya sa suka fara dasa tumatir a gaban lokaci. Duk da haka, wannan babban kuskure ne. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a zabi lokacin dace don dasa shuki seedlings., saboda seedlings suna da wani lokacin ajiya kuma shuka yana buƙatar babban adadin haske.
A cikin hunturu, wani ɗan gajeren haske, don haka wannan ba shine lokaci mafi kyau don shuka ba. Tsarin iri dole ne mai karfi, kuma ba tare da isasshen hasken ba, ba zai kasance ba. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don ƙarin bayani, wanda zai haifar da ƙarin sharar gida. Lokacin da sabbin furanni suka bayyana, suna buƙatar a kunna kowane lokaci na kwana biyu zuwa uku. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da fitila mai fitila. Sa'an nan kuma shuka ya kamata a dauki tsawon sa'o'i 10-12.
Lokaci na ajiya na seedlings shi ne wani dalili wanda dole ne ku bi lokacin shuka.
A gida, tumatir tumatir zai iya kasancewa fiye da watanni biyu, dasa shuki a bude ƙasa ko greenhouse faruwa bayan wannan lokaci. An dauke shi mafi girma seedlings, wanda aka dasa a marigayi Maris ko Afrilu farkon. Ci gabanta za ta fi aiki fiye da wanda aka dasa a Fabrairu.
Menene kayyadadden lokacin karbar?
Lokaci daidai don dasa shuki seedlings shine yawancin dogara akan nau'in tumatir. Suna iya zama:
- farkon maturing;
- tsakiyar kakar;
- marigayi balaga.
Dangane da wannan, lokacin dasawa zai bambanta. Tsarin tumatir na tsire-tsire suna buƙatar dasa shuki a cikin Janairu-Fabrairu, kuma ana bukatar shuka a farkon watan Maris.
Yawancin ma ya dogara da yankin da za'a yi girma da tumatir. A cikin yankuna inda akwai dogon sanyi da sanyi, dasa shuki na seedlings zai faru a baya.
Bayanai daga shuka shuki don canja wurin shuke-shuke don bude ƙasa ko greenhouse
Lokacin da dasa shuki tsaba wajibi ne don zaɓar lokaci mafi kyau. Domin kada a rage yawan ci gaban shuka, ba buƙatar ku sake yin gyare-gyare zuwa wuri na dindindin ba. Yana da muhimmanci a lissafta ba kawai kwanakin da za'a dasa bishiyoyi ba, har ma kwanakin da za su shuka tsaba akan seedlings a gida. Dole ne a shuka shuki 55-65 kafin a fara dasawa don buɗe ƙasa.
Ka'idojin shuka da kuma dasa bishiyoyi zuwa ƙasa sun dogara ne akan yanayin hawan. Saboda haka Duration na shuka da ruwa tumatir zai bambanta da yankuna daban-daban.
Lokacin da ya yiwu a shuka tsaba da kuma a wane lokaci ne wajibi ne don shuka shirye seedlings dangane da yankin na tumatir namo:
- a yankunan kudancin Rasha an shuka amfanin gona daga ranar 20 ga Fabrairu zuwa 15 ga watan Maris, kuma aka dasa su daga ƙasa daga ranar 15 ga watan Afrilu zuwa Mayu 20;
- don tsakiyar yankuna lokacin dasawa daga ranar 15 ga watan Maris zuwa 1 ga Afrilu, kuma za a dasa daga Mayu 10 ga Yuni 1;
- a Siberia, a Urals da arewacin yankuna sown daga 1 zuwa 15 May, da kuma dasa shi - daga 25 May zuwa 15 Yuni.
Zaka kuma iya lissafin ainihin lokacin da ya dogara da irin tumatir da sanin tsawon lokacin girma.
Lokaci na shuki na farkon da iri iri ne kwanaki 100. Idan kuna son samun girbi kafin ƙarshen Yuli, to kawai kuna buƙatar ƙidaya kwanaki ɗari, ƙara 7-10 kwana zuwa gare su don germination da 3-5 days don dacewa na seedlings a cikin ƙasa. Saboda haka, shuka ya kamata ya faru a ranar 1 ga Afrilu.
Lokacin girma na iri daban-daban tumatir shine:
- farkon - 85-90 days;
- tsakiyar kakar - 90-110 days;
- marigayi balaga Kwanaki 110-115.
Lokaci guda ya dogara da inda za'a dasa bishiyoyi: a cikin gine-gine ko a cikin ƙasa. Idan kun shirya shuka shi a cikin greenhouse, sa'an nan kuma ya kamata a girma har tsakiyar May, a cikin ƙasa - har zuwa Yuni 10th. Yawan shekarun shuka don dasa shuki ya zama kwanaki 50-60 (dangane da iri-iri tumatir). Saboda haka, a lokacin da ya sauka a cikin wani ganyayyaki, shuka ya kamata ya faru a ranar Maris 10, kuma a lokacin da ya sauka a ƙasa - ranar 5 ga Afrilu.
Har ila yau a lokacin da dasa shuki seedlings kada ka manta game da yawan zafin jiki. Tumatir suna da thermophilic sosai. Yawan zafin jiki don haɓaka al'ada ya kamata sama da +15 digiri. Idan zafin jiki ya kasance +15, wannan zai haifar da katsewa na flowering da kuma samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa, kuma a +10 digiri zasu ci gaba da ƙarewa.
Kuma ba shakka, banda shawarwarin da aka lissafa, ya kamata ka la'akari da lokacin da kake son girbi amfanin gona na farko.
Binciken bidiyo na shuka tsaba tumatir:
Menene mafi kyau kwanakin da za a shuka?
Menene ya kamata bayyanar sprouts tumatir?
Kafin dasa shuki seedlings a cikin ƙasa mai bude ko greenhouse, ya kamata a ƙarfafa shi kuma ya dace da yanayin yanayin zafi wanda zai ci gaba da girma. Ko dai ana shirye-shiryen shirye-shiryen dashi don bayyanarwa.
Don canzawa, da kara ya isa tsawon 25-30 cm. Har ila yau a kan shi ya zama 6-7 cikakken zanen gado da kuma daya fure flowering. Amma bazai bayyana ba.
Ya danganta da yanayin
Za ku iya sauka cikin goma na watan Mayu. Duk da haka, yanayin hawan dutse na yankin wanda za'a saukowa ya kamata ba a rasa shi ba. Idan akwai yiwuwar sanyi zai faru a farkon ko tsakiyar watan, to sai a dakatar da saukowa zuwa ƙarshen watan Mayu. Yanayin ya zama ruwan zafi.
Yana da muhimmanci a lura da waɗannan sharuɗɗa:
- Kyakkyawan zafin jiki - da rana, zafin jiki ya kamata + 20 ... +22 digiri, da dare - ba ƙananan fiye da +15 ba. Sashin zafi shine +15, amma ba kasa da +10 ba.
- Hannar frosts - ko da a zafin jiki na -1 tumatir jinkirin ragowar su da kuma girbi. Ba wanda aka sanya shi a kan sake dawowa da fure, don haka tumatir an rufe su da kayan rufewa na musamman ko fim.
Bai wa yankin
Duk duk ya dogara da yanayin hawan dutse da yanayi na yankuna daban-daban.
- Middle Polesie (yankin Moscow) - rabin rabin watan Mayu - farkon Yuni.
- Ural da Siberia - Ƙarshen May - tsakiyar watan Yuni.
- Yankunan Southern - karshen watan Afrilu - farkon Mayu.
Ta hanyar kalanda
Ko dai don neman taimako na kalandar launi a cikin wannan matsala shine yanke shawara na mutum ɗaya. Idan ka yanke shawara don yin wannan hanyar, to, zaka iya fahimtar kanka tare da shawarwari don wani shekara, wanda ya nuna ainihin kwanakin.
Ana shuka shuka a bayan sabon wata, a farkon lokaci na wata. A wata ko watannin wata, har da sa'o'i 12 kafin da baya, ba a bada shawarar shuka ba.
Girman tumatir yana da damuwa. Amma yin la'akari da duk ka'idodin shuka tsaba, girma da dasa shuki, da ka'idodin kulawa na gaba, hakika za ku sami sakamakon da ya cancanta na aikin su. Wannan babban amfanin gona ne da iyalanka zasu iya ji dadi.
