Yadda za a shuka tumatir daji a cikin rijiya daya? Zan iya amfani da kowane tumatir ko buƙatar kwarewa?

Babban burin kowane lambu ne mai girbi a cikin gidansa. Amma abin da za a yi, idan yankin ƙasar kanta ba shi da ƙananan, kuma ba za ku iya sa ran babban girbi ba?

Kayan aiki - hanyar dasa shuki: 2 tumatir a cikin 1 da kyau. A cikin labarinmu za mu gaya maka game da wadata da kwarewar wannan fasaha, yadda za a shirya kasa sosai kafin dasa shuki, kuma yadda za a kula da tumatir yadda ya kamata.

Zan iya shuka tumatir don 'yan kaɗan?

Kwanan nan, tsakanin masu lambu, hanyar da za ta dasa shuki guda biyu a cikin 1 da kyau ya zama karuwa. Bugu da kari, wannan hanya ce batun jayayya: shin yana da daraja ko a'a don dasa tumatir irin wannan kuma menene wannan hanyar ba? Duk da haka, fasaha yana bada sakamako mai kyau, saboda haka yana da darajar yin la'akari da shi a cikin cikakken bayani.

Bayani na fasaha, da wadata da fursunoni

Tsarin tsire-tsire yana da sauƙi: tsire-tsire suna janyewa, a kowannensu an dasa shuki 2. Wannan fasaha yana da amfani da dama:

• mafi girma yawan amfanin ƙasa ta wurin yankin;
• 'ya'yan itatuwa mafi girma;
• tumatir ripen sauri;
• Ajiye sararin samaniya;
• Wannan hanya mai kyau ne ga kudancin kudancin (yanayin saukowa yana rufe tushen).

Akwai wasu disadvantages:

• karin kayan dasawa ake bukata;
• Kamfanonin da aka dasa su na bukatar kulawa da yawa daga lambu;
• Girman tsire-tsire mai yawa zai iya kai ga ainihin "thickets", wanda zai kara aiwatar da kulawa da pasynkovaniya.

Abin da tumatir za a iya dasa a kan wasu asalinsu?

Za'a iya dasa tsire-tsire guda biyu a matsayin tsaka-tsire irin tumatir, kuma indeterminate. Amma masu noma ko kuma wadanda ba'a da hannu a cikin gonar (alal misali, zuwa gidana a karshen karshen mako), ya fi kyau shuka shuke-shuke kawai a cikin wannan hanyar da aka ƙayyade, tun da ba su yi girma ba da sauri kuma basu buƙatar a daidaita su.

Wani yanayin - a cikin wani wuri ya kamata a dasa tumatir iri ɗaya! Kowane irin tumatir yana da bukatunta don watering, ciyarwa, kulawa, don haka ko da ƙananan rikice-rikice na iya haifar da mutuwar amfanin gona.

Tumatir da ba su da cikakke suna da girma girma na babban tushe, yana buƙatar samuwar daji.

Tsarin shiri

Ƙasa

1. Don dasa shuki lambun tumatir an zaba, ba tare da fasali ba.
2. Ba za a damu da wuri ba tare da kusa da ruwa.
3. An zaba shafin don dasa shuki tumatir da la'akari da juyawa mai kyau na gona: ba zai yiwu a shuka tumatir a wuri ɗaya sau biyu a jere ba, ya fi kyau idan albasa, tafarnuwa, karas, cucumbers, kabeji, zucchini, beets, da kabewa su ne magabata na tumatir.
4. Ba za mu iya bari seedlings su sauka a wani wuri na sauran nightshade, tun da yake duk cututtuka za su gaji.
5. A cikin kaka da kuma bazara, dole ne a gwada ƙasa sosai domin ya saturate shi da oxygen kuma cire tushen weeds.
6. Kafin yin digging, yana yiwuwa a watsa taki a kan ƙasa don wadatar da shi tare da na gina jiki (50 g na superphosphate da 1 square mita ko 5 kilogiram na taki da 1 square mita).
7. Don 5 - 6 days kafin dasa shuki, ya kamata a zubar da yankin tare da bayani na blue vitriol (1 tbsp da lita 10 na ruwa): ta 1 sq M 1 - 1.5 lita na ruwa.

Shuke-shuke

Shawarar kafin dasa shuki seedlings bi da tare da rauni da dumi bayani na potassium permanganate don rigakafin cututtukan fungal, waɗanda har yanzu suna da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Tun lokacin da aka dasa tumatir 2 a cikin rijiya daya, wajibi ne don shirya adadin kayan dasawa a gaba.

Yaya za a tantance ko seedlings sun shirya don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa? A cikin wannan al'amari, alamomi irin su tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire da kuma yawan ganye zasu taimaka:

1. Don farkon irin tumatir:
   • ganiya tsawo na seedlings ya kamata 20-25 cm;
   • kara kauri - 5-7 mm;
   • bar a kan shuka ya zama 7 - 9.
2. Ga marigayi iri:
   • tsawo - 20 - 25 cm;
   • kara kauri - 5-6 mm;
   • yawan ganye ne 6-8.

Umarni

Ana kirki rijiyoyi 20-20 cm zurfi, da nisa tsakanin su shine 40-50 cm, nisa tsakanin layuka shine 50-60 cm.

1. Shirya rijiyoyin don saukowa.
2. Dole ne a yi rijiyar da rijiyar da ruwa kuma ku jira har sai an yi shi cikin ƙasa (rami ya cika da ruwa).
3. A cikin rami mai saukowa an sanya giraren da za'a sanya tumatir.
4. Biyu tumatir aka binne a ƙasa a kusurwar 45 digiri.
5. Daga sama, tushen tsire-tsire suna rufe ƙasa (bushe), wanda aka guga man da sauƙi a tushe na mai tushe don gyarawa mafi kyau.
6. Kowane mai kyau dole ne a zuba wani lita 1 na ruwa.

Noma da kulawa

Watering

Don 7 - 8 days, har sai da seedlings ya tushe, kada ka ruwa. Matasan shuke-shuke zasu isa yawan adadin da suke samu lokacin dasa.

Lokacin mafi kyau don watering shi ne da rana, zuwa maraice. Yana da kyawawa cewa tumatir ba su fada cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Tumatir ba sa son lokacin da danshi ke kan ganye - daga wannan zasu iya fara shan wahala daga cututtukan fungal.

Ana yin watering ne kawai a tushe, yana da kyau idan an rushe. Tun daga lokacin da aka shuka tsire-tsire har sai na farko da aka yi, sai kawai a shayar da ƙasa, ta hana shi daga bushewa. Lokacin da tumatir zasu fara yin 'ya'ya, ya kamata a shayar da su sosai da yalwace, tun da tushen tsarin yana buƙatar ciyar da tsire-tsire sosai, musamman idan akwai tsire-tsire biyu a rami.

Top dressing

Tumatir biyu a cikin rami guda "yana bukatar" ingantaccen abinci. " Daga cikin fannonin da aka fi so:

• superphosphate;
• humus;
• ash.

Zaku iya amfani da dung din kaza (1:15, 1 guga na 10 - 15 bushes).

Loosing da hilling

Kowace lokaci bayan amfani da ƙasa ya kamata a sassauta, da kuma kwanaki 15 zuwa 18 bayan dasa, yawancin masu shuka kayan lambu suna ba da shawara ga tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire zuwa tsayin 12 cm.

Mulching

Domin kasar gona ta ci gaba da damuwa da asalinsu, yawancin lambu suna cike da gadaje, suna cika filin gona:

• ciyawa;
• bambaro;
• peat;
• sawdust;
• husk sunflower tsaba da sauransu.

Bugu da ƙari, mulching zai hana ci gaban da dama weeds.

Samar da wata daji

Don inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa, inganta yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa, da kuma hanzarta aiwatar da su, tsire-tsire tumatir suna samfuri a hanya ta musamman. Masana kayan lambu masu kwarewa suna samar da kowannensu tumatir a cikin 2 stalks. Ta haka ne, an kafa wani daji na 4 mai tushe a rami ɗaya, amma tushen 2 yana ciyar da su, wanda, babu shakka, kawai yana rinjayar yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Taimako! Don samar da wata daji a cikin 2 mai tushe, an cire dukkanin harbe daga babban tushe, sai dai wadanda suke girma a ƙarƙashin gurasar furen farko. A kan manyan furanni, bar 4 furannin furanni da tsunkule sama, da gefe - bar 3 'ya'yan itace da goge.

Leuning pruning

Tabbatar kawar da ƙananan ganyayyaki don samun iska mai kyau na shuka.

Kuskuren kuskure da kuma rigakafin su

1. Tsarin tumatir ne mai zurfi. Babban dalilin - missed lokacin da dace pasynkovaniya. Wannan shi ne ainihin gaskiya ga irin nau'ikan da ba a yanke ba. Dalilin shine rashin girbi. Don ya kamata a kula da tsire-tsire akai-akai, a lokacin da za a samu samuwar daji, pasynkovanie (watsar da gefen harbe na tsawon 3 - 4 cm).
2. Saplings "tsoma baki" tare da juna. Dalili - da nisa kaɗan tsakanin tsire-tsire. A nisa tsakanin harbe na determinant iri ya kamata 15-20 cm, tsakanin iri indeterminant - har zuwa 30 cm.
3. Tsire-tsire masu shuka ba su girma, tsaya a wuri guda. Daya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da aka haifar da shi shine rashin abinci mai gina jiki ga tsire-tsire. Lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin rami, zaka iya yin takin gargajiya iri iri (taki, humus, barkan albasa, eggshells, peel na banana, da dai sauransu), ma'adanai (superphosphate, ammonium nitrate), har ma da takin mai magani.

Kowane lambu yana da 'yanci don yanke shawarar kansa kan yadda zai shuka tsire-tsire. Amma zaka iya yin gwaji, in ba haka ba zaka taba zabar hanya mafi kyau na girma tumatir, dace da kai tsaye ga wannan yanki, ba yanayin yanayi.