A yau muna magana game da ci gaba da fannin kimiyya a Siberia. Yawancin masu furanni suna da masaniya da wannan shuka, amma mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa shrub yana ƙaunar ƙarancin yanayi mai sauƙi kuma ba ya girma a cikin latitudes. Za mu tabbatar da akasin haka, zaɓa mafi kyau iri-iri da kuma gaya muku game da dokokin kulawa.
Dabbobin Clematis ga Siberia
Irin nau'o'in clematis na halitta ba su da kyau don dasa shuki a Siberia, saboda haka, har ma a cikin USSR, iri iri ne da za su iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi da sanyi.
Mafi kyau iri clematis:
Elegy. Yana da tsawo daga 3 zuwa 3.5 m. Ana fure furanni a cikin launi mai launi mai launi tare da launin ruwan hoda. Girman Bud - har zuwa 15 cm Darasi na ilimi: ba na bukatar ƙasa ba; Yi haƙuri da zafi da sanyi. Feature - yana buƙatar ƙaddamarwa. 
Luther Burbank. Matsakaicin matsayi na 5 m. Itacen tsire-tsire ne, yana buƙatar goyon baya a lokacin dasa. Flowers a diamita zuwa 25 cm, fentin a cikin matte-purple launi. Sakamakon: tsawon flowering (har zuwa watanni 4); jure yanayin sanyi (har zuwa -30 ˚C); ke tsiro har ma a kan kasa maras amfani. Yanayin - yana buƙatar watering. 
Anastasia Anisimova. Gyara shrub. Ganye yana da ƙasa, har zuwa mita 1.5 a tsawo. Furen tsaka-tsalle, diamita - 13-14 cm Ana nuna fom din a cikin launin launi mai haske. Sakamakon: tsayayya ga sanyi; ba fungi ba; yana da yawa sau da yawa a shekara. Sifofin - yana cikin rukuni na uku na trimming. 
Fata. Ganye shine lianoid, yana da tsawo har zuwa 2.5 m. Yana furanni tare da furanni mai launin furanni tare da ratsi mai laushi. A diamita na buds - 15 cm. Pros: unpretentiousness; cuta juriya; tsawon flowering zamani. Yanayi - lambun kyau.
Ta zabar wani shuka daga clematis hybrids da aka miƙa a sama, za ku sami ba kawai a hunturu-hardy iri-iri, amma kuma wani lokaci-gwada flower cewa ba ya bukatar ƙasa, wanda ya faranta ido na masu yawa florists.
Dokokin dasa shuki a yanayin Siberiya
Lokacin da dasa shuki shuki a cikin yanayin hawan yanayin Siberia, wajibi ne a la'akari ba kawai yanayin yanayin ba, amma har ma da ƙayyadaddu na shuka kanta, wanda ya buƙatar kafa tushe a sabon wuri. Sabili da haka, bari muyi magana game da lokacin dacewa da wurin saukowa.
Zabi wuri don clematis
Idan kuna yawan shuka furanni a kusa da gidan, kuna jin cewa mafi yawansu ba su son iska mai tsananin ƙarfi, da kuma zubar da ƙasa. Duk da haka, a cikin yanayin hawan yanayin Siberia, duk waɗannan dokoki sun samo hali na axioms.
Dole a dasa Clematis kawai a kudu ko kudu maso gabas. A lokaci guda kuma ya kamata a kiyaye wurin daga iska mai sanyi da zanewa. Ya kamata kasar gona ta bushe, idan ruwan karkashin kasa yana kusa da farfajiya - ana buƙata mai kyau magudi.
An haramta hana shuka a kan gishiri mai yisti ko ƙasa tare da babban acidity. Ko da koda za ku iya yin adadi mai yawa, clematis zai mutu.
Gidan shimfida wuri mafi kyau yana bayan gida ko zubar a gefen kudancin, mita daga ginin kanta.
Kula da cewa hasken yana haskakawa da rana. Kodayake yawancin iri dake hadewa inuwa, irin wannan yanayi zai hana girma da kuma haifar da rashin lafiya.
Clematis a yanayin Siberia ne kawai ke da tushe kawai lokacin da aka dasa shi da kyau, tun da ma yawancin halittu iri iri a mataki na farko sun bukaci yanayi mafi kyau ga farfadowa.
Ana shirya rami don dasa
Saukowa a bushe mai dumi. Gwada rami 60x60 cm kuma saka tafarki a cikin nau'i na pebbles, tubalin fashe ko yumbuɗa fadada akan kasa. Daga gaba, cika wani ɓangare na rami tare da ƙasa mai kyau, wanda zai samar da isasshen kayan abinci ga shuka a matakin farko na cigaba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Baya ga ƙasa mai gina jiki a rami ba zai iya ƙara peat ko humus ba.
Gasa gonar da aka ƙera tare da m, ƙara kadan dolomite gari da lemun tsami. Sanya shuka a cikin rami kuma cika cakuda ƙasa don haka ya rufe da wuya wuyansa.
Yadda za a dasa kullun a Siberia
Shuka shi ne shirya don bazara. Bugu da kari, dogara da yanayin yanayi na ainihi don yaran yaron ba zai daskare ba.
Kafin dasa shuki dasa rhizome na flower. Dole ne a cire matattun lalacewa ko ɓatacce. Ana sanya Clematis a cikin rami sannan ya daidaita tushen don su zama matsakaicin iyakar. Bayan haka, sun fada barci tare da ƙasa kuma suna kwashe shi. Dole a dauki kula a kan ci gaba da daji. Saboda haka, an ɗaure ƙarar don tallafi don kada gusts iska ta karya shi.
Bayan dasa, ku wanke ƙasa kuma ku tsayar da shuka yau da kullum.
Yadda za a kula da shuka a cikin lambun Siberian
Lokacin kula da ma'auni a yanayin sanyi yana da daraja kallon yanayin ban ruwa da kuma takin gargajiya. Koda kuskuren kuskure zai iya haifar da gaskiyar cewa tushen tushen tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kawai ya daskare, kuma clematis kanta zai mutu. Sabili da haka, ka lura da umarnin kuma ka yi kokarin bin su.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin yanayin, akwai kimanin nau'o'i 300, wanda za'a iya samuwa a dukkanin faransan sai Antarctica.
Yaya za a iya amfani da ilimin ruwa
Clematis suna buƙatar mai laushi, don haka suna bukatar a shayar da su a kai a kai. A lokaci guda, kada ku yi shi a kan "na'ura na atomatik", amma idan ƙasa ta bushe. Mun shawara cewa a spring da kaka lokacin watering a za'ayi tare da dumi ruwa don kada su kwantar da tushen.
Yana da muhimmanci! An hana shuka akan ruwa a cikin iska.
Idan dudduwar yana cirewa daga ƙasa ko zuwa cikin ƙasa, zaka iya cike ƙasa, wanda zai ci gaba da noma cikin ƙasa kuma ya hana weeds daga nutsar da shuka.
Lokacin da kuma yadda za a takin wata shuka
Clematis yana ciyar da hannun jari a kan girma da kuma flowering. Girma kusan rabin ramin kore bayan pruning a kowace shekara, injin ya rasa adadin makamashi, wanda aka cika ta da kariyar kamala irin su Kemira ko Pocon. Ya kamata a lura cewa ana amfani da takin mai magani da ke dauke da boron da molybdenum, a tushen. Zai fi kyau ka zabi takin mai magani, wanda banda waɗannan abubuwa sun hada da ammonia.
Idan kana son kallon furancin clematis, kada ku kasance m a cikin idon ruwa ku yayyafa ƙasa a kusa da flower da alli, lemun tsami ko dolomite gari.
Yana da muhimmanci! Takin shuka da ake buƙatar dukan kakar.
Siberian Clematis Pruning Dokokin
Clematis, ko da kuwa irin nau'ikan da iri-iri, na buƙatar shekara-shekara pruning. A cikin bayanin jinsunan da ka lura cewa mafi yawansu suna cikin rukuni na uku na pruning. Saboda haka, bari muyi magana game da ƙayyadaddu na kowane ƙungiya kuma mu ƙayyade bambance-bambance.
Ƙungiyar ta farko ta haɗa da tsire-tsire wanda furanni suke girma a cikin harbe-harbe a bara. Wannan hujja ce ta kayyade ƙarfin warwarewa. Gaskiyar ita ce, iri na wannan rukuni ba ya girma ko da a cikin yanayin zafi. Sabili da haka, ku yi hankali a lokacin sayen seedlings.
Ƙungiyar ta biyu. A kan waɗannan tsire-tsire, buds suna fitowa a kan harbe-harbe a cikin bara kuma a kan rassan wannan shekara. Ana iya samun nau'o'in clematis da ke cikin wannan rukuni a cikin yanayi mai kyau, amma za su daskare a cikin sanyi. Saboda haka, su ma basu dace da mu ba.
Ƙungiyar ta uku na pruning - furanni suna bayyana ne kawai a kan harbe na yanzu shekara. Kusan dukkan nau'o'in da suka dace da yanayin Siberia suna cikin rukuni na uku. Tsarin tsire-tsire na wannan rukuni shine mafi sauki. Ana gudanar da shi a farkon spring ko kaka. Ya kamata a yanke cututtuka, barin kusan 30-50 cm sama da kasa. A kan kowane reshe, bar nodes uku.
Yawan buds da kuka bar a kan yanke harbe ya dogara da yawan furanni da girmansu (idan aka yanke zuwa tushen sosai, buds za su karami, amma zasu zama babbar).
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin da aka tsabtace ƙwayarta, sai an cire dukkan ɓangaren sama.
Yadda za a magance clematis bayan flowering
Mutane da yawa suna da sha'awar yadda za su rufe kalaman don hunturu a Siberia. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a rufe shuka a lokaci! Bayan haka, idan kun jinkirta, to, tushen sa zai iya daskarewa kuma clematis zai mutu.
Idan ba ku tsabtace bazara, to, bayan flowering, yanke harbe kuma ku bar shuka har sai yawan zafin jiki ya sauke zuwa 0 ° C. Bayan haka mun mirgine furen ta 15-20 cm (dangane da ƙaddara). Dukkan ayyukan da aka yi ne kawai a yanayin bushe don kada ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire ba su lalacewa. A lokacin tafiyar dutsen, zuba cakuda yashi da gawayi a ƙarƙashin wuyan wuyansa (domin kilo 5 na yashi, 1 l na bankin gawayi). Ɗaya daga cikin daji yana buƙatar kawai kilogram na irin wannan cakuda.
Zaka iya feshi daji "Fundazol" don hana cututtukan fungal (10 g da lita 5 na ruwa).
Idan ana sa ran zafin rana, bayan hilling, rufe daji tare da guga ko akwatin kuma yayyafa shi da ƙasa, ganye ko humus. Irin wannan tsari zai iya tsayayya yanayin zafi har zuwa -25 - 30 ˚C.
A wannan shirye-shirye na clematis don hunturu an kammala. Ya kamata a tuna da cewa dusar ƙanƙara da ta fadi za ta ci gaba da zazzabi da kuma hana katako mai rufewa daga daskarewa, koda kuwa zafin jiki ya sauka a ƙasa ya halatta.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin Rasha, kullun ya bayyana a farkon karni na 19 a matsayin tsire-tsire.
Saukewa na Clematis a Siberia
Kowane mai furanni, yana samun tsire mai ban sha'awa, yana tunanin ninka shi da dasa shi a sassa daban-daban na lambun.
Tsarin iri
Ana amfani da yaduwa iri iri na Clematis saboda gaskiyar cewa matasa ba su kiyaye jinsin ko jinsunanst. Daga tsaba zai yi girma "wick", wanda ba shi da irin wannan juriya da sanyi da canje-canjen yanayi, a matsayin iyaye.
Saboda wannan dalili, haifuwar clematis a cikin Siberiya ta hanya ta hanyar samar da kwayar halitta ba zai yiwu ba. Matashi na iya mutuwa daga duka sanyi da rashin hasken rana ko zafi.
Harshen kayan lambu na clematis
Wannan hanya ta ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa na kiwo: cuttings, layering ko rarraba daji.
Duk zaɓuka zasu baka shuka wanda zai kwafi iyaye.
Rarraban daji. Ana amfani da hanyar lokacin daji ya girma karfi ko ya kai shekaru hudu ko fiye. Yi rabuwa a farkon spring, kafin a ci gaba da harbe. Domin kada ya lalata uwar daji kuma a lokaci guda samun rassan daji mai sauƙi, to lallai ya zama dole ya rabu da shi don haka akwai buds uku da kuma isasshen ɓangaren tushen tsarin a cikin yanki. A lokaci guda yana da muhimmanci cewa asalinsu suna da lafiya, kuma harbe ba su lalace. Bugu da kari dasawa da kula da rabuwa rabuwa daidai ne ga matasa seedling.
Sauya ta hanyar cuttings. Wannan hanya ce mafi mashahuri domin yana ba ka damar samun adadin sababbin shuke-shuke. Yanke cuttings da aka gudanar a ƙarshen Yuni - farkon Agusta (a lokacin flowering clematis). Don cuttings zabi harbe da suke a tsakiyar daji. Bayan yankan, dole ne a raba harbe a cikin cuttings 10 cm tsawon lokaci. A lokaci guda kuma, a sanya kowane nau'i a kan kowane shinge a cikin nisa na 4-5 cm daga ƙananan ƙananan (wannan ya kamata a ɗauka cikin asusu a yayin da aka yanke harbe). Bugu da ƙari ga kumburi a kan kowane mahimmanci ya kamata ya zama ganye mai kyau biyu. Bayan yankan, an sanya igiya a cikin wani mai girma stimulator bayani na dare (wannan hanyar za ku samu karin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire). 
Bayan tushen sun bayyana, suna canjawa cikin kananan-greenhouses (wata tukunyar furanni tare da rike, an rufe shi da wani fim ko fim). A cikin aiwatar da rooting da seedling an shayar da kuma aired sabõda haka, da shuka girma da sauri. Dasa cuttings da aka gudanar a cikin bazara, lokacin da sanyi, a cikin bushe weather.
Sake haifar da layering. Wannan hanya tana ba da mummunar lalacewa ga mahaifiyarta, tun da ba ta ƙunshi rabuwa da sassa a mataki na farko ba. Don ninka malamai da layering, kana buƙatar tono karamin tsanya a kusa da shuka kuma sanya mafaka a cikinta, yayyafa ƙasa tare da ƙasa. Don ci gaba da zama mafi kyau, zaka iya raba shi da madauri ko danna shi da duwatsu. Yanke alhakin shayarwa da kuma kula da ci gaban germination. A hankali, kana buƙatar rufe dukan shoot har zuwa saman ƙasa, sabõda haka, cuttings dauki ƙarin asalinsu. Ko da kuwa lokacin dasa, dole ne a bar hunturu tare da mahaifiyarsa. A lokacin bazara, ana rabu da harbe kuma an dasa shi zuwa wuri dabam. Tsarin tsire-tsire daidai yake da na sapling.
Yanzu ba ka sani ba kawai gaskiyar cewa clematis yana da tushe a Siberia, amma har ma ka'idodin ka'idojin dasawa da kulawa da shuka. Ta bin dokoki da aka bayyana, za ku iya girma a fure a kan shafinku.
