Wadanda ke da muhimmanci ba kawai dandano ba, har ma bayyanar 'ya'yan itace, akwai nau'o'in ban mamaki wadanda zasu cika wadannan bukatun.
An kira shi "Amurka ne", yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa, duk da haka yana da daraja a shuka shi a kan shafinsa. Sakamakon sabon abu da dandano mai kyau na tumatir suna jin dadin lambu.
Karanta a cikin labarin mu cikakken bayani game da iri-iri, muyi sanarwa tare da halaye da peculiarities na namo, mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka da kuma kamuwa da kwari.
Amirkawa sunyi tumatir: nau'in iri-iri
Sunan suna | Amurka ribbed |
Janar bayanin | Late-ripening, matsakaici girma iri-iri tumatir don girma a greenhouses da bude ƙasa. |
Originator | Zaɓin Amateur. |
Rubening | Kwanaki 120-125 |
Form | 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da karfi, ko'ina ko a cikin "ƙafa". |
Launi | Launi na cikakke 'ya'yan itace ne ja. |
Tsarin tumatir na tsakiya | 300-600 grams |
Aikace-aikacen | Daidaita don amfani da sabon amfani, don shirya kayan naman alade da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, adana' ya'yan itatuwa. |
Yanayi iri | 5.5 kg tare da 1 daji. |
Fasali na girma | Shuka 65-70 days kafin disembarking. 3 shuke-shuke da 1 square mita. Tsarin - 50 x 40 cm. |
Cutar juriya | Cibiyar ta dace da cututtukan tumatir. |
Tumatir "Yammacin Amurka" - wannan mahimmanci ne, irin nauyin tumatir. Game da ripening, yana nufin matsakaici marigayi ko marigayi ripening, wato, kwanaki 115-125 wuce daga transplanting zuwa na farko 'ya'yan itatuwa marmari.
Shuka srednerosly - a tsawo isa 120-150 cm. Yana da hadari mai juriya ga cututtuka na tumatir.. Shawarwarin da ake amfani da ita a wuraren da ake ajiye fina-finai, a cikin gine-gine da aka yi da gilashi da polycarbonate, a cikin ƙasa.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari waɗanda suka kai ga balagaguwa iri-iri na ja suna da alaƙa a cikin nau'i. Da dandano yana da haske, halayyar tumatir. Suna auna nauyin kilo 150-250, tare da girbi na fari zasu iya kai 300-400 grams. Yawan ɗakin dakunan 6-7, da adadin kwayoyin halitta na kimanin 6%.
Yawancin 'ya'yan marmari sun fi kyau ci abinci ko sarrafa su nan da nan..
Kuma a cikin teburin da ke ƙasa zaka sami irin wannan halayyar kamar nauyin 'ya'yan itatuwa daga wasu nau'in tumatir:
Sunan suna | Girman nauyin (grams) |
Amurka ribbed | 150-250 |
Katya | 120-130 |
Crystal | 30-140 |
Fatima | 300-400 |
Wannan fashewa | 120-260 |
Rasberi jingle | 150 |
Golden Fleece | 85-100 |
Kuskure | 50-60 |
Bella Rosa | 180-220 |
Mazarin | 300-600 |
Batyana | 250-400 |
Halaye
An samo asali ne na "Amurka". Babu cikakkiyar bayanai game da shekara ta kiwo, amma an san shi sosai tun daga shekarun 1980. Tun daga wannan lokaci, yana da mashawarta, da farko saboda bayyanar daji da kanta da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Wannan nau'in zai kawo kyakkyawan sakamako a kudancin filin. A cikin yankunan tsakiya akwai mafi kyau a ɓoye a ƙarƙashin fim, to, zaka iya samun girbin da aka tabbatar. A cikin mafi yankunan arewacin, namansa zai yiwu kawai a cikin greenhouses.
Kwayar tumatir iri iri "Amirkawa" ba su dace da dukan canning ba, amma za'a iya amfani da su a cikin ganga. Zai yi ado kowane teburin tare da kallo da dandano. Kyakkyawan aiki don sarrafawa a cikin juices, pastes da kuma dankali dankali.
Idan kulawa da kyau, to 2.5-3 kg 'ya'yan itace za a iya girbe daga wani daji. Ƙwararren dasawa da aka dasa don wannan jinsin shine tsire-tsire 3-4 a kowace mita mita. m, ta haka ne, yana zuwa 12 kg. Wannan wani sakamako ne mai mahimmanci, ba rikodin ba, amma ba za ku iya kiran shi kadan ba.
Amma ga yawan amfanin gonar wasu, za ku sami wannan bayanin a teburin:
Sunan suna | Yawo |
Amurka ribbed | 12 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
Banana ja | 3 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
Nastya | 10-12 kg da murabba'in mita |
Olya la | 20-22 kg da murabba'in mita |
Dubrava | 2 kg daga wani daji |
Countryman | 18 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
Zuwan ranar tunawa | 15-20 kg da murabba'in mita |
Pink spam | 20-25 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
Diva | 8 kg daga wani daji |
Yamal | 9-17 kg da murabba'in mita |
Zuciya ta zinariya | 7 kg kowace murabba'in mita |
Hotuna
Hotunan tumatir "Abubuwan da ke cikin Amurka" za a iya gani a kasa:
Ƙarfi da raunana
Daga cikin manyan halayen halayen iri-iri na "Amurka Ribbed":
- bayyanar 'ya'yan itace;
- jure rashin rashin ruwa;
- kariya mai kyau;
- Kyakkyawan amfanin ƙasa.
Daga cikin rashin kuskure ya kamata a ce wannan irin abin da ya fi dacewa a game da dressings, kuma tare da kulawa mara kyau, ya yi hasarar 'ya'yan itacen.
A kan shafin yanar gizon zamu ga wadansu abubuwa masu amfani game da yawan amfanin gona da kuma irin cututtukan cututtuka. Za ku koyi yadda za ku sami girbi mai kyau na tumatir a fili, yadda za a yi a cikin gine-gine a duk shekara zagaye kuma abin da mafi mahimmanci na girma iri na farko sun zama lambu.
Fasali na girma
Daga cikin siffofin tumatir irin wannan shine a ce game da bayyanar 'ya'yan itace, suna da kyau sosai. Wani alama kuma shine jure wa cututtuka na ƙwayar tumatir a cikin greenhouses. Duk da cewa sanin game da matakan da za a magance su ba zai cutar da ku ba kuma za ku iya karanta game da shi a nan.
Hakanan zaka iya samun talifin da ke da mahimmanci da kuma waɗanda basu da amfani.
Shuka tumatir a cikin hanya ta hanyar rassadny. Bayan saukowa a wuri na dindindin yana buƙatar kulawa mai kyau, kar ka manta da daidai watering da mulching.
Dole ne a daura gangar jikin shuka, zai taimaka kare kudan zuma daga gusts na iska, rassansa suna buƙatar buƙatun. Form shuke-shuke a cikin biyu ko uku mai tushe. A kowane matakai na girma yana da buƙatar haɗin ɗamara. Har ila yau, ba na jin dadin ƙarancin albarkatun acid, mafi dacewa mafi dacewa.
Kara karantawa game da yadda za a takin tumatir da kwayoyin halitta, yadda za a yi amfani da yisti, iodine, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia. Har ila yau, yadda za a yi amfani da ci gaban bunkasa a lokacin shuka da kuma dalilin da ya sa boric acid don tumatir.
Cututtuka da kwari
"Abubuwan da Amurkawa ke yi" suna da saurin samuwa da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Don magance wannan annoba yana da sauƙi, kawai kuna buƙatar rage yanayin zafi na yanayi. Cutar da cututtuka irin su busassun busassun amfani da kayan aiki "Tattu" ko "Antrakol".
Da sauran nau'o'in cututtuka, kawai rigakafin, ban ruwa da haske, ana buƙatar aikace-aikace na takin mai magani, waɗannan matakan za su ajiye tumatir daga dukan matsalolin. Game da tumatir da suke gaba ɗaya zuwa phytophthora karanta a nan.
Daga cikin kwari mafi yawancin magoya bayan wani abu. Wannan ya faru duka biyu a cikin greenhouses, kuma a cikin filin bude. Da shi akwai magani mai mahimmanci, miyagun ƙwayoyi "Strela". Don kada kwaro ya zama baƙon da ba a gayyace shi ba a shekara mai zuwa, saboda wannan yana da muhimmanci wajibi ne a dasa gona sosai a cikin kaka, tattara kwakwalwan kwari kuma a hankali ya yada shi da kibiya.
Har ila yau, gizo-gizo mai gizo-gizo zai iya kai hari. Don magance wannan kwaro, an yi amfani da maganin sabulu mai karfi, wanda aka shafe tare da yankunan da kwayar cutar ta buga. Yarda su da kuma samar da yanayi wanda bai dace da rayukansu ba. Ba zai kawo cutar ga shuka ba.
Kammalawa
Gwanin kulawa, irin wannan zai iya zama daidai da matsakaicin, muna bukatar wasu kwarewa. Amma kada ka damu idan ka kusanci al'amarin da hikima kuma ka yi kokarin dan kadan, to, komai zai yi aiki. Kyakkyawan sa'a da girbi mai kyau.
A cikin teburin da ke ƙasa za ku sami hanyoyin haɗe zuwa bayanan da aka sani game da nau'in tumatir tare da sharuɗɗa iri-iri:
Ƙari | Tsufa da wuri | Matsakaici da wuri |
Babban mamma | Samara | Torbay |
Ultra farkon f1 | Ƙaunar farko | Sarkin sarauta |
Riddle | Apples a cikin dusar ƙanƙara | Sarki london |
Farin cika | Babu ganuwa | Pink Bush |
Alenka | Ƙaunar duniya | Flamingo |
Taurari na Moscow f1 | Ƙauna na f1 | Mystery na yanayi |
Zama | Giant giant | New königsberg |