Girma faski daga seedlings daga A zuwa Z: hanya mai mahimmanci da kuma hanya mai ban mamaki don yanayin gida

Good news ga masoya na ganye: m faski za a iya horar da ba kawai tare da taimakon tsaba, amma kuma a cikin hanyar seedling!

Tsarin lokaci yana cin moriya. Bada fasaha na dasa, zaka iya samo kayan lambu mai kyau na inganci.

Bari mu dubi dukkanin siffofin wannan hanya kuma mu gano ko zai iya shuka kowane irin faski a cikin hanyar shuka, yadda za a shuka tsaba daidai kuma lokacin da za a dasa bishiyoyin da aka samu a cikin ƙasa.

Zan iya amfani da wannan hanya?

Shuka albarkatun kore - hanyar da aka saba tsakanin lambu, amma don samun farkon faski an bada shawara don amfani da wani hanya - namo ta hanyar seedlings.

Shuka ganye tare da hanyoyi guda biyu:

1. Shuka tsaba a cikin tanki, sa'an nan kuma juye su tare da ƙasa, ba tare da damuwa tushen tsarin tsire-tsire ba.
2. Get seedlings nan da nan a cikin tukwane, sa'an nan kuma transplanted a cikin ƙasa (namo tare da bude tushen tsarin).

Yayinda tayar da hankali ga gadaje na seedlings girma ta hanyar farko, ganye suna ci gaba ba tare da manyan canje-canje ba. A hanya ta biyu na namo, faski, komawa shafin, dan lokaci, ya dace da sababbin yanayi.

Yana da muhimmanci! Tare da taimakon seedlings, an samo ganye mai laushi a baya, kimanin 1.5 ko 2 watanni sauri fiye da tsaba da aka shuka a ƙasa.

Gwani da kuma fursunoni

Hanyoyin shuka iri iri suna da amfani mai yawa. Wadannan sun haɗa da:

• Tarin yawan kayan lambu da yawa, wanda ya bambanta daga girbi da aka samu ta wurin shuka tsaba da faski a cikin ƙasa.
• Amfani da kananan yankuna, sakamakon haka - halittar yanayi mafi kyau ga seedlings don cigaba.
• Ajiye kayan dasa, wannan yana da mahimmanci a yayin da ake bunkasa iri iri. Amfanin amfani lokacin dasa a kan gadaje ya fi muhimmanci fiye da lokacin da ake amfani da seedlings.
• Noma na iri na thermophilic a yankuna arewacin.
• Kashewa na thinning seedlings.

Abũbuwan amfãni ne kawai za a iya gani ne kawai a cikin yanayin agrotechnology.

Daga cikin rashin amfani da hanyar kulawa:

• Da buƙatar gina gine-gine, greenhouses, kiwo filaye. A lokaci guda, wajibi ne a sami samfurin kayan rufewa: gilashi, fina-finai.
• Mahimmancin tsari da aiki.
• Haɗarin lalacewar tushen tsarin lokacin da dasa shuki ba tare da tukwane ba a ƙasa.

Don samun tushen faski don farfadowa, ana buƙatar lokacin, banda wannan, albarkatu na cinye kayan gina jiki da suka rigaya tara, saboda haka ganye zasu bukaci a ciyar da su.

Abubuwan da suke kama da: bayanin da hoto

"Madaukai" na harbe ya bayyana a yanayin zafin jiki na + 25 digiri. An shuka shi da kyau ta hanyar ɗauke da gilashi ko polyethylene. Ya kamata kasar gona ta zama miki. Young harbe na haske koren launi yawanci rauni, ba da amsa sosai ga hasken rana, bushewa na saman ƙasa Layer. Yi amfani da irin waɗannan al'adu daga sirinji ko kwalba mai laushi.

Bayan kwanaki 30 bayan shayarwa, wani ɓangare na biyu na koren ganye ya bayyana akan sprouts. Da farko na watan Mayu a tsakiyar hanya, za'a iya dasa seedlings a cikin ƙasa a kan gada.

A ƙasa zaka iya ganin hoto na faski dasa a kan seedlings:

Bayanin da ke hade da irin wannan namo

Ka'idojin dasa shuki yana dogara ne akan yanayin hawan yankin. Babban yanayin yanayin girma mai girma girma - gaban wani greenhouse. Masana sun bayar da shawarar girma ganye ta amfani da wayar tafiya tunnels. An sanya su a cikin greenhouses.

• A tsakiyar Rasha, saukowa fara a Fabrairu.
• A Siberia, ana shuka shuken greenhouse zuwa karshen Maris.
• A cikin Urals - a ƙarshen Fabrairu ko Maris.

Ana kuma bada shawara don mayar da hankali ga yawan hasken rana, domin don ci gaba da harbe mai karfi, dole ne ka sami haske mai kyau.

A cikin bude ƙasa seedlings na faski sown:

• Tun farkon watan Mayu - a tsakiyar Rasha.
• Daga game da tsakiyar watan da ya gabata na bazara - a cikin Urals.
• A farkon Yuni - a Siberia.

Faski shi ne amfanin gona mai sanyi, ana bunkasa tsire-tsire har ma da yawan zafin jiki.

Shin hanyar da ke dacewa da tushen da kayan lambu?

Yana da muhimmanci! Hanyar Rassadny na girma faski ya fi dacewa da irin ganye.

Lambu da kwarewa ba su bayar da shawarar samar da tsire-tsire a cikin wannan hanya ba. Akwai babban yiwuwar lalacewa ga asalinsu a lokacin da aka dasa su cikin ƙasa. A sakamakon haka, kayan lambu mai banƙyama masu lalata suna iya fita. Duk bambancin shine a cikin daidaitawar tushen tsarin zuwa sabon sahun, har ma da kananan raunuka, wannan zai zama matsala.

Kuna iya, a hakika, gwada saurin canja wurin seedlings tare da Layer Layer, wannan ita ce kawai zaɓi wanda ya dace da irin wannan namo ba tare da damuwa tushen tsarin kwayoyin ba. Amma yana da wahala a yi. Anyi amfani dasu iri-iri masu amfani da tsire-tsire podzimnyh, sun fi dacewa.

Wanne iri ne mafi alhẽri a zabi?

Don amfanin gonar faski ta hanyar saituka ana bada shawara don zaɓin iri-iri iri-iri masu girma, tare da kyakkyawan digiri bayan girbi, tare da tsarin tushen tsarin marasa amfani. Leaf iri ne mafi kyau horar da misali:

"Astra"

Curly faski, bambanta da farkon farawa. Shekaru 65 bayan shuka, ana iya ci. Takarda rubutun da ke tsiro yana tsiro da sauri bayan sassan.

"Labaran gargajiya"

Wannan nau'in greenery yana da girma. Ƙananan al'adu sun bambanta launuka masu rarrafe, wanda zai iya zama daga 30 zuwa 100 ganye. Sakamakon fasaha yana faruwa bayan kwana 70.

"Breeze"

Lokacin balagagge yana da kwanaki 80. Faski ne babba. Juicy ganye suna da kyau kiyaye inganci.

"Esmeralda"

Tawancin faski-tsakiyar. Tsarin al'ada, a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar da za ka iya ƙidaya har zuwa zane 30. Takaddun suna takaice. Yana da kyakkyawan digiri na rushewa bayan cuts.

"Bravo"

Faski matsakaici tsaka-tsakin, high-yielding, tare da Rosette tsawo na 35 cm.

"Hero"

Ƙarshen iri-iri iri-iri, yanke kawai don kwanaki 90-140. Noma masu tsin-tsire-tsire-tsire masu girma suna girma sosai, masu yawan amfanin ƙasa.

"Sandwich"

Faski yana da sauri. Bayan kwana 65 za ka iya samun girbin farko. Babban alama shine juriya mai sanyi.

"Magana"

Popular leafy ganye. Yana da dandano mai ban sha'awa, ganye mai laushi, tsaka-tsakin wuri.

Wadannan iri sun fi dacewa don girma seedlings.

Shirin mataki na umarni game da yadda ake shuka

Kafin dasa shuki greenery hali shirya ayyuka: ɗebo kwantena, girbi da cakuda, bi da tsaba, yi tunani ta hanyar shirya greenhouses.

Kasuwanci masu mahimmanci

Don dasa tsaba ga seedlings, za ku buƙaci:

• kananan spatula;
• mini-rake;
• watering iya;
• fesa don watering harbe;
• saukowa;
• fim;
• gilashi;
• girke tankuna don shuka.

Tsaba za a iya girma ta amfani da:

• flower tukwane;
• kwalaye;
• ruwan 'ya'yan itace (Allunan);
• fayilolin filastik;
• kwantena filastik.

A cikin tankuna akwai wajibi ne don sanya ramukan ramuka. Inventory dole ne mai tsabta.

Zaɓi da kuma aiki da tsaba

Don dasa shuki dasa kayan dasawa na karshe kakar. A cikin faski seedlings akwai babban maida hankali da muhimmancin mai wanda zai iya hana girma daga greenery.

Don gaggauta fitowar sprouts, kana buƙatar shirya tsaba. Ana iya yin hakan a hanyoyi da yawa:

1. Cire kayan mai da muhimmanci, da noma hatsi na kwana uku a ruwa mai dumi. Ana canza ruwan cikin sau ɗaya a rana. Lokacin da seedlings suka bushe da kyau, an nannade cikin takarda, an sanya su cikin firiji don kwana bakwai.
2. Ana amfani da hatsi da farko ta amfani da ruwa mai dumi. Sa'an nan kuma yada a kan zane mai laushi (bakin ciki mai zurfi). Re-rigar a cikin ruwa mai dumi. Yi tsammanin nau'in kiɗa, sau da yawa hadawa hatsi da kuma shayar da kayan.

Godiya ga irin waɗannan hanyoyin, tabbas zai sami kyakkyawan harbe kuma yawancin launuka a gaba.

Zaɓin wuri da shirye-shirye

Don dasa, zaka iya sayan ƙasa na musamman don kayan lambu da ganye, alal misali, duniya gaurayawan ƙasa don seedlings, kamar:

• "Bogatyr" daga kamfanin "Lama Peat";
• "Botany";
• "Muimmiri";
• "Lambu".

Tip Masana sun bayar da shawarar yin amfani da ƙasa daga gonar (zai fi dacewa yashi) don shuka ko haɗuwa da shi tare da cakuda da aka shirya (a daidai rabbai).

Don rage acidity na kasar gona da ake amfani dashi, 3 manyan spoons na alli da superphosphates an kara wa guga na ƙasa. Wannan zai inganta ci gaban tsarin tushen makomar gaba.

Kasar gona don shuka dole ne a shirya 1.5 ko 2 watanni kafin hanyar shuka shuka. Dole ne a kara sand a ƙasa mai laka.

Tsarin dokoki

Yadda za a shuka tsaba don samun seedlings:

1. Yi tsagi a zurfin ƙasa na 10 mm.
2. Tsaba suna mafi kyau sown, gauraye da yashi. Gwararrun lambu sun rarraba sunflower tsaba, shuka su daban tare da indentation na 20 ko 30 mm. Idan kunyi haka daban, zaka iya samun kima daga hatsi, wanda zai buƙatar nutsewa a nan gaba.
3. Yayyafa duk tsaunuka tare da farar fata.
4. Shayar ta amfani da ruwa mai dumi. Yi wannan a hankali don haka tsaba ba su da ido.
5. Ana kwashe kwantena da polyethylene ko gilashi don ƙirƙirar greenhouse.
6. Sanya tukwane a gefen rana.

Carelings care

Hanyoyin suna bayyana da sauri tare da tsarin mulki mai sanyi na +25 digiri.

Hanyar kula da seedlings kunshi matakai:

1. yin amfani da gonaki na yau da kullum;
2. haske mai tsanani;
3. watering;
4. miya.

Ajiye iska a kowace rana, tada fim ko gilashi. Ya kamata kasar gona ta kasance damp. Watering yi drip wani sirinji, pipette ko spray; lokacin da kananan-seedlings suna da karfi, za ka iya ban ruwa su riga daga cokali. Ana bukatar nema don kada ya lalata rassan rassan bishiyoyi. Anyi hanya na irri na yamma.

Da zarar kowace kwanaki 10 ana ciyar da ganye. Yi amfani da kariyar ma'adinai (bayani), wanda za'a saya a cikin ɗakuna na musamman. Ƙara kusan 0.5 g da lita na ruwa mai tsabta.

Bayan kwanaki 30 bayan germination, na biyu na ganye ya bayyana. Lokacin da tudun ruwa ya buƙaci yin nutsewa - canzawa wasu seedlings zuwa wani wuri a cikin tukwane ko kofuna. Idan akwai isasshen sarari a cikin tankuna, ba a aiwatar da hanya mai zurfi ba.

Shirya kayan lambu a gonar

Dole ne a sarrafa ƙasa a gaba. Digging yi a kan shafin daga fall, amma sai kawo wani mullein. An ƙara yashi yashi da wasu kayan shafa a ƙasa mai yumbu. A farkon spring, shafin yana sassauta, yin ma'adinai na gina jiki. Kafin dasa shuki, gari mai kyau yana da kyau.

Canja wurin shuke-shuke girma don buɗe ƙasa

Faski seedlings an sanya a nesa na 50-80 mm, da rata tsakanin gadaje ya zama 25 cm.

Hanyar dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa bude ya dogara da dalilai:

• kwantena da aka shuka seedlings;
• size da shekaru amfanin gona;
• iri.

1. Kayan da ke cikin tukunya ko allunan ne mafi sauki don sanyawa a kan shafin, a cikin irin wannan hali, an saka su a cikin waɗannan kwantena, an yayyafa shi da wani ƙasa mai laushi, dan karamin dan kadan, kuma an shayar da shi sosai.

2. Kayan kofi, wanda aka shuka bishiyoyi, an yanke su da tsayi, an cire tsire-tsire daga gare su, rike da faski ta hanyar tushe, kulawa don kada su dame ƙasa. Sai kawai sai aka saukar da tsire-tsire a cikin rijiyoyin, da aka gina, da aka gina, ta shafe.

   A cikin yanayin hadari, an kawo saukowa da safe, kuma a kan rana da yamma. Don kare lafiya na dukan tsari don albarkatu, da tsire-tsire suna dakatar da dakatar da wasu 'yan kwanaki kafin hanya (dacewa kawai ga matasa seedlings).

3. Don awa 1 ko 1.5 kafin saka a cikin ƙasa, faski an shayar da shi sosai, don haka ƙasa ta dunƙule sosai kuma ba ta rushe lokacin da aka canja shi zuwa sabon wuri.

4. Kwallan ƙwallon ƙwayoyi da ƙwayoyin su a hankali sun juya don su samo su tare da dunƙule, kuma an cire su daga zane-zane ta al'adu ta hanyar amfani da spatula - spatula, kuma daga kwalaye na kowa - tare da dasa shuki, cinyewa da kuma cire shuke-shuke da lumana.

Muna bayar don kallon bidiyo mai amfani a kan yadda za a dashi faski seedlings a bude ƙasa:

Ƙarin kula da tsire-tsire

Seedlings na faski, dasa a kan gadaje a bude, an ci gaba da ciya, shayar, hadu. An bada al'adun gargajiya a cikin safiya ko da yamma. Kayan shafawa na taimakawa lokacin da faski yana da 3 manyan ganye, kuma a wani yanke al'adu. Don samun dutsen korera yana buƙatar gabatar da cikakken ma'adinai da nitrogen.

Hanyar sarrafawa don yanayin gida

Hanyar namo na faski a cikin jujjuyawan ya dace da kayan harbe. Tsaba - Ana iya ajiye seedlings a cikin takarda na dogon lokaci, wanda shine babban taimako a cikin shari'ar idan yanayin bai dace da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ba. Wata hanyar amfani da ita ita ce ceto.

Da fasaha na dasa shuki tsaba a gida ta yin amfani da juyayi:

1. Ɗauki jakar filastik, wanda girmansa ya fi girma fiye da na takarda takarda. Bar shi a kan ɗakin kwana.
2. Yada a kan kunshin sau uku na takardun bayan gida: na farko - a saman gefen fakiti, na biyu - a matakin da ke ƙasa, na uku - a saman gefen.
3. A cikin tanki yayi bayani ta hanyar ƙarawa zuwa ruwa (0.5 l) saba'in hydrogen peroxide (1 babban cokali). Rubutun takardun takarda.
4. Yi kwance da tsaba, komawa daga saman gefen 0.5 mm (nesa ya dogara da girman girman).
5. Cigarette tare da dasa kayan abu ne aka yi birgima a cikin takarda, an sanya shi cikin akwati da ruwa. A kasan akwati an zuba dukkan maganin peroxide guda daya da aka yi amfani da shi don wanke takarda.
6. An sanya sachets. An saka jakar littafin cellophane a kan dukan akwati tare da tsalle-tsalle don rike da danshi, a hagu a wuri mai dumi (ko da a cikin wani shaded place) har zuwa germination.

Seedlings zai bayyana sosai da sauri. Zaka iya ajiye seedlings har ya dace don dasa kayan gada.

A ƙasa za ku iya kallon bidiyon akan yadda za a shuka faski tsaba na hanya mai jujjuya:

Matsaloli da matsalolin, mafita

Yanayi mai mahimmanci don noma na noma na faski suna la'akari da girma kakar amfanin gona, samar da yanayin mafi kyau ga ci gaban greenery, musamman, hasken wuta, ƙayyade lokacin shuka na tsaba (ya dogara da nau'o'in). Ba tare da la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan ba, ba za ka iya samun inganci ba.

Hanyar yaudara ta yaudara lokacin da girma seedlings - horar da su a cikin wani ganga saboda tanadi a fili. Da farko, kamar, tushen karfi an kafa a harbe, wanda babu shakka babu amfani. Amma a lokaci guda akwai matsala mai yawa, saboda za a rabu da sifofi yayin da suke girma, zai zama halin damuwa ga amfanin gona, tun da irin wannan hanya ba zai yiwu ba zai lalata tushen.

Transplanting ma na bukatar gyaran. Don farkon iri, wannan zai iya jinkirta jinkirta a girke dukan amfanin gona. Yana da kyau kada a ajiye, amma nan da nan amfani dashi don dasa, misali, kofuna na peat, Allunan, takardun takarda, da amfani wanda ba zai cutar da sprouts ba.

Yana da muhimmanci! Girman ci gaba mai yawan gaske ne sau da yawa ta rage yawan ruwa, amma wannan yana karɓar kawai ga matasa. Don kafa seedlings, iyakance ban ruwa ne damuwa.

A cikin ɗakunan duhu suna shigar da fitilun fitilu, kawai a cikin wannan yanayin, ƙwayoyin za su ci gaba sosai.

Ciyar da tsire-tsire wata hanya ce mai wahala. Amma tare da namo mai kyau, za ka iya samun karfi harbe. An yi kyau yadda ya kamata a dasa shuki amfanin gona a cikin ƙasa mai bude - jingina na kyakkyawar dacewa da tsire-tsire a cikin gadaje. Girbi mai girbi na fari zai zama sakamako ga mai kula da aikin nasu.