Duk abin da kake so ka san game da kabeji Japan!

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, wasu sababbin shuke-shuke da aka sani sun fito a kasuwannin Rasha. Wadannan sun hada da kayan lambu daga Gabas ta Tsakiya - Kwanan Japan.

An kuma kira shi leafy ko letas kabeji. Wannan kabeji ba kamar kowane kabeji ne muke amfani dashi ba, ko da yake yana da iyalin cruciferous. A cikin labarin za mu tattauna game da nau'in jinsin Japan: Mizuna, Little Mermaid da Emerald. Za ku koyi inda za ku saya tsaba na wannan amfanin gona don girma, yadda ake shuka da kula da kabeji.

Bayani

Yana da iri guda ko kayan lambu wanda yake da haske mai tsayi ko tsumma mai laushi har zuwa 60 cm tsawo, yana girma a sama ko sama. Tsawan daji mai laushi - har zuwa rabin mita, sintetik - lush, yadawa, ya kai 90 cm a diamita.

Mafi yawancin iri suna da ganye masu kyau tare da gefuna mai karfi, amma akwai nau'o'in iri guda, dukansu suna da yawa. Gwanon kabeji yana da dadi ko yaji, yana tunatar da radishes ko mustard. Tare da shekaru biyu na namo, Jafananci na jamhuriya ya zama tushen kayan lambu tare da ɓangaren litattafan almara.

Tarihin jinsuna

Kasashen Japan da kudancin kasar Sin, duk da sunansa, ana ganin su ne Pacific Coast na kasar Sin. A Japan, an girma daga karni na 16. A Turai da Arewacin Amirka, ana kiran kayan lambu ga injin jakadan Japan kuma an horar da su tun daga karni na 20. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kayan ado na Japan suna samun shahara a Russia.

Bambanci daga wasu nau'in

Irin wannan kabeji ba ya haifar da kai. Za a iya amfani dashi a matsayin ado, a matsayin mai ladabi na yada lalacewa tare da ganyen kodadde kore, kore mai duhu ko launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kyau sosai.

Ƙarfi da raunana

Al'adu yana da amfani mai yawa:

• ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu alama (phosphorus, calcium, potassium, selenium, iron) da kuma bitamin (mai yawa bitamin A da E);
• low-kalori, amma gina jiki;
• yana da dandano mai mahimmanci idan aka kwatanta da samfurori masu kama da ƙananan kayan ƙwayar mustard;
• babban adadin beta-carotene yana taimakawa wajen karfafa haske da sake sake fata;
• za a iya amfani dashi duk lokacin rani;
• ƙãra potassium yana da tasiri mai amfani akan tsarin jijiyoyin jini.

Jafananci na Japan yana da matukar rashin amfani:

1. Ba za a iya adana shi ba na dogon lokaci, ba kamar nau'in kabeji da muke amfani da shi ba, domin ba ya zama shugaban kabeji.
2. Idan ganye ba a cinye su nan da nan ba, za su bushe kuma su rasa dandano.
3. Yana tarawa nitrates sau da yawa isa - kar a iya dauke da nitrogen da takin mai magani.

Sorta

Ya zuwa yanzu, akwai wasu nau'o'in jinsin kasar Japan da aka haɗa su a cikin Lissafi na Ƙasar Ma'aikata na Ƙwarewar Rasha.

Mafi shahara tsakanin su shine:

• Little Mermaid.
• Mizuna.
• Hanyar Emerald.

Yarinya mai suna

Yana da iri-iri iri-iri (kwanakin 60-70) tare da lakabi mai girma a sama ko dan kadan wanda ya kai kimanin 40 cm a tsawo kuma har zuwa 75 cm a diamita, wanda har zuwa duhu duhu 60 yana da karfi sosai tare da ƙananan hakora a gefuna.

Yawan aiki: daga wani daji - 5-6.5 kg / m².

Ku ɗanɗani: m, tare da ɗan ƙwayar mustard.

Inda zan sayi, farashi: EURO-SEMENA LLC, farashi a Moscow yana da ruba 12-18, a St. Petersburg 15-19 rubles.

Mizuna

Har ila yau, iri-iri ne na tsakiyar kakar (kwanaki 60-70), kwasfa yana tsaye ko kuma dan kadan, har zuwa 40 cm high kuma har zuwa 65 cm a diamita, yayi har zuwa 60 duhu-matsakaici-sized littafi lyre-pinnate tare da manyan cuts tare da gefen.

Yawan aiki: daga daji - 6.7 kg / m².

Ku ɗanɗani: m, yaji.

Inda zan sayi, farashi: LLC "SEMKO-JUNIOR", farashi a Moscow yana da ruwaye 29, a cikin St. Petersburg 13 rubles.

Hanyar Emerald

Yawan iri-iri ne da wuri (60-65 days), ƙwanƙwasa ya ɗaga haɓaka, har zuwa mita 35 cm kuma har zuwa 60 cm a diamita, yayi yawa - har zuwa 150. Sun kasance matsakaici a girman, kore, mai santsi, tare da manyan haɗuwa a gefen gefen, nau'i na lyre-pinnate.

Yawan aiki: daga wani daji - 5-5,2 kg / m².

Ku ɗanɗani: yana da inuwa ta inuwa.

Inda zan sayi, farashi: LLC AGROFIRMA POISK, farashi a Moscow yana da ruba 16-18, a cikin St. Petersburg 21 rubles.

Dasa da kulawa

Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa a farkon spring ko a rabi na biyu na rani, kamar yadda al'ada ta kasance sanyi mai sanyi (zai iya tsayayya da raguwa har zuwa -4 ° C) kuma da sauri ya kai bayanan fasaha.

Yana da muhimmanci! Jafananci na Japan yana jurewa da dashi sosai.

Saukowa

Ga magunguna na Mizuna, da Little Mermaid da tsarin Emerald don samun nasara, dole ne ya haifar da sharadi. Sanya don wannan zafin rana, bude - a cikin hasken kabeji yayi ƙira yawan adadin ganye. Yana son haske, tsaka tsaki, ƙasa mai tsabta: idan dakin loam, dole ne ku ƙara yashi da ƙasa maras ƙasa ko humus kafin kafa ƙasa mai laushi.

Ana kwashe gado a lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, da aka zubar da ruwan dumi kuma an rufe shi da fim din baki don dumi. Don dasa shuki, ƙasa ya kamata ta daɗa +4 ° C.

Ana yin shuka a wannan hanya:

1. A cikin gonar, ana yin rawanin rabin rabin sita a nesa na 30 cm.
2. Grooves zubar da ruwa mai dumi.
3. Shirya tsaba a nesa na 20-30 cm Ya kamata su yi girma a ranar 3-4th a yanayin ƙasa na 3-4 ° C. Idan amfanin gona suna da yawa, dole ne a fitar da su, wanda ba a ke so ba, tun lokacin da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna da tausayi sosai kuma sauƙi lalacewa.
4. Yayyafa tsaba tare da sako-sako da ƙasa ko yashi.
5. Rufe tare da spunbond ko lutrasil kafin germination.

Mafi yawan zafin jiki na tsire-tsire don ci gaba da ci gaba shine 15-20 ° C.

Watering

Al'adu yana jure zafi, amma wannan baya nufin cewa bazai buƙatar moisten kasar gona ba. Bayan fitowar tsire-tsire masu shayarwa kawai lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe.

Matasa suna matukar m, don haka kuna buƙatar watering mai yiwuwa ko sosi tare da karamin SPRAY. Wannan wajibi ne don kada ya lalata kananan harbe na shuka. Wani matukar shuka shuka yana buƙatar rare, kawai a cikin matsanancin zafi, amma yalwatacce, wanda ya sa ganye suyi girma da dadi. Ana iya sauya kabeji bayan fari, amma watering ya kamata ya zama bace, amma har abada.

Top dressing

Sau biyu a lokacin girma Jafananci na Japan yana haɗe da ma'adinai na mineral: phosphate da potash. (bisa ga umarnin). Har ila yau, yin amfani da kwayoyin kwalliya - kwayar halitta.

Ba za a yi amfani da takin mai magani da ke dauke da nitrogen ba, ko kuma amfani da shi kawai a cikin ƙananan yanki, tun da al'adar ta tara adadi a cikin kore.

Mulching

Don mafi kyau kiyayewa da danshi a cikin tushen wuri da kuma kare kariya Jafananci na Kwanan Japan - sawdust, mowed ciyawa ko bambaro.

Cud da shi kamar kabeji na talakawa ba lallai ba ne, kamar yadda ganye, wadanda ba su da ƙasa daga ƙasa, zasu iya fara tashi daga fadowa a ƙasa.

Girbi da ajiya

A cikin ƙasa, kasar Japan na iya girma har zuwa watanni uku. Lokaci-lokaci buƙatar yanke ganye (da zarar sun isa tsawon 10-12 cm). Sun yi girma a cikin kwanaki 8-15 saboda farkawa ta apical. Saboda haka, girbi ya ci gaba a cikin bazara.

Yanke ganye za a iya cinye sabo ne a cikin salatin, gwangwani, daskararre ko dried. (amfani da kayan yaji). A cikin fall, ana tsire itatuwan kabeji, tsabtace ƙasa, yanke tushen, barin petiole. A cikin wannan tsari, ana adana su cikin firiji don har zuwa mako guda.

Daban-kwari iri-iri

Kwayoyin shuka suna lalacewa ta hanyar kullun giciye: shi yana ta cikin ramuka kuma sakamakon haka yawan ya zama maras amfani don amfani. Turar taba yana taimakawa sosai:

• foda daji da ƙasa kewaye da shi;
• wanda aka fesa tare da bayani na 1:10.

Itacen itace itace kuma yana hidima a matsayin mai sauki da tasiri:

• dasa shuki;
• wanda aka fesa tare da cirewar cire (shirya a cikin makon da lissafi 3 tablespoons da lita 1 na ruwa).

Chemicals da kwari ba da shawarar., kamar yadda tsire-tsire ta tara abubuwa masu haɗari a cikin ganyayyaki. Domin kada ku nuna kanka ga hadari, amfani da hanyoyi na al'ada kuma kada ku manta da wannan doka.

Matsaloli masu yiwuwa da kuma rigakafin su

Kammalawa

Jafananci Kale ba ta samu cikakkiyar rarraba a cikin gidajen Aljannar kasarmu ba. Amma kowace kakar tana da magoya baya da yawa, saboda ba ta buƙatar kulawa, yana da kyau kuma yana da amfani sosai.