Kayan zuma mai cinyewa: dasa da kulawa a fili da kuma gida. Yaushe ne lokaci mafi kyau don girbi?

Origanum Oregano (Oregano) wani nau'i ne na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu yawan gaske wanda ke da amfani da kaddarorin da yawa kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin abinci da magani.

Idan aka ba wannan, ana ganin anfan hergano ne daya daga cikin shahararrun kayan yaji a duniya. Ba zai zama mai ban mamaki ba don farawa a kan shirin kanka.

A cikin wannan labarin za mu yi kokarin gaya muku yadda za mu iya game da wannan ciyawa, da yadda za mu shuka shi kuma mu kula da shi a cikin ƙasa. Za ku koyi game da cututtuka da kwari da zasu iya cutar da oregano lokacin girma.

Lokacin da aka dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai bude a yankin Moscow, Urals da Siberia

Lokacin shuka na oregano ya dogara ne da irin waɗannan alamomi kamar yadda zazzabi, yanayin da yanayin hawan dutse na yankin.

Dole ne a shuka shuka a cikin ƙasa kawai idan lokacin barazanar dawowar sanyi ya ƙare, kasar gona mai dumi ne, kuma Yawancin zazzabi bazai fada a kasa + 15C - + 17C ba. A halin yanzu, a arewacin yankin, bayan haka yanayi ya faru.

• Yankin Moscow. Ana shuka tsaba ga seedlings a farkon shekarun Maris, dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa - a watan Mayu.
• Ural. Rabin na biyu na Maris shine lokaci mafi kyau don shuka oregano don seedlings. Dasa a cikin ƙasa mai bude - Mayu: a wannan lokaci na musamman, barazanar dawo da sanyi ya wuce.
• Siberia. Ƙarshen Maris - farkon watan Afrilu - lokacin da ya dace don shuka tsaba don seedlings, ana shuka shuka matuka a cikin ƙasa a ƙarshen watan Mayu - farkon Afrilu.

Inda za a yi girma da ƙanshi sannan kuma ya fi kyau a ajiye?

Oregano za a iya dasa bayan dankali, karas, wake da Peas. Amma bayan wasu kayan yaji ba su da tasiri, tun da yake mai yiwuwa Oregano zai kasance daidai da cututtukan guda daya kamar yadda suke da su.

Yadda za a zabi mãkirci a gonar ko a kasar kuma shirya ƙasar?

Yi la'akari da inda zai fi kyau shuka shuka a lambun gona ko gonar, yadda za a zabi wuri mai kyau da ƙasa don noma. Don oregano, wani yanki na ƙasa mai kariya daga samfurori ya dace, wanda fuskar ruwa ba ta dace ba, tun lokacin da tsire-tsire ba ta yarda da ruwa mara kyau ba.

A gare shi, manufa zai kasance ƙasa mai yashi da tsaka-tsakin acidity (20% turf ƙasa, 75% peat, 5% yashi). Yawancin lokaci Kwararrun lambu fara shirya dasa gado na oregano tun lokacin kaka. Suna tono sama da gilashi 1/3 na guga (ko 6-7 kg) na kwayoyin halitta (taki, takin, humus) da kuma 2 tablespoons na takin mai magani (potash gishiri, superphosphate) ta mita mita.

Idan pH yana ƙasa da ƙasa, ƙasa ƙasa ce ta ƙararrawa ta hanyar ƙara dolomite gari, ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai laushi ko itace ash (250-300 g da mita mita). Game da shuka tsaba a cikin akwati, kowace ƙwayar ƙasa mai gina jiki daga ɗakin ajiya, wanda aka ƙara ƙaramin ƙwayar sandan ruwa, za'a iya amfani dashi a matsayin madara.

Wanne tsire-tsire za a iya sanya kusa da, kuma abin da ba zai yiwu ba?

Oregano yana tafiya tare da furanni da shrubs: daylilies, echinacea, chamomile, strawberries, inabi, teku buckthorn. Ba lallai ba ne a sanya adadin cucumbers da zucchini.

Hanyar haifuwa na oregano a filin bude da hotuna daga cikinsu

Bari mu bincika abin da ake amfani da su don yaduwa ga ciyayi daji a fili, sannan su kawo hoto tare da su.

Division

1. Bush shekarun shekaru 3 - 5 a cikin bazara dole ne a hankali a yi felu a farkon spring.
2. Tushen shuka ya kamata a raba shi zuwa sassa daban daban don kowane ɗayan su za'a sami 2 zuwa 4 buds a kalla.
3. Sanya yanka a kan tushen don yayyafa da itace ash ko crushed kunna gawayi.
4. Shirya rassan dasa, zurfin abin da yake daidai da ƙarar tushen tushen tsarin (kusan 30 zuwa 50 cm).
5. Wells yana buƙatar zubar.
6. Sanya sabon shuke-shuke cikin su, rufe su da ƙasa.
7. Dole ne a rufe filin ƙasa.

Shiryawa

1. A cikin bazara na mafi kyau lafiya da kai tsaye na uwar shuka ya kamata a saukar da shi a cikin lambu.
2. Rubuta baƙin ƙarfe ko takalmin filastik (iya zama ingarin).
3. Dole ne a rufe wuri mai lamba tare da ƙasa, ya bar kawai a saman saman.
4. Bayan yafe, ya kamata a rabu da kananan yara daga iyaye kuma a dasa su a wuri mai shirya.

Cuttings

1. A farkon watan Yuli, za a yanke katakon tsawon tsawon 12 zuwa 15 cm daga sashin jikin mahaifiyar.
2. Kafin dasa shuki, za'a iya biyan shi tare da tushen ci gaba mai mahimmanci, alal misali, "Appin" ko "Akidar shuka".
3. A kasan akwatin da aka tanada shi wajibi ne a sanya lakabin fadada da yalwa da kayan shafa. Bayan da ya yi yatsa tare da yatsan hannu, zurfafa yankan da shi a kusan rabin.
4. Daga sama ya wajaba don ƙarfafa akwati tare da filastik kunsa ko rufe tare da gilashi.
5. Saka tare da kwalba mai laushi 4 - sau 5 a rana.

Tsaba

Yadda zaka shuka shuka daga zuriya? Oregano tsaba za a iya shuka nan da nan a bude ƙasa, amma wannan hanya ba kamar yadda rare kamar yadda haifuwa na oregano seedlings, kamar yadda ya dace kawai ga yankunan kudancin.

1. Dole ne a shirya ƙasa don gadaje, kamar yadda aka nuna a sama.
2. Ya kamata a yi gyaran ƙwaya da ƙasa mai tsabta tare da zurfin nisa fiye da 1 cm kuma zangon jeri na 25 - 45 cm (dangane da sa).
3. Suna buƙatar shuka tsaba, wanda zai sauƙaƙe su ganinsu za'a iya haɗuwa da yashi (1: 1).
4. Top yayyafa da Layer na sako-sako da ƙasa (ba fiye da 0.5 - 1 cm).
5. Ya kamata a kara ƙasa da kuma tsaftace shi tare da na'urar atomizer. Za ku iya yin mãkircin hay.

Seedlings

Ana kiwo ƙwayoyin oregano ne mafi mashahuri. Za a iya shuka tsaba don seedlings a cikin wani akwati mai zurfi da m, katunan cartogi ko wasu ganga masu dacewa.

1. Dole a cika kasan cikin akwati tare da magudanar, to, ƙasa mai gina jiki.
2. Dole ne a wanke shi kuma yada albarkatun oregano da aka dasa a cikin farfajiya (kwana 2 cikin ruwa + 35). Peat yana sama, amma ba fiye da rabin centimita ba.
3. Duk abin da ya kamata a tsabtace shi da kwalba mai laushi kuma an rufe shi da fim (jakar filastik) ko gilashi, wanda za'a iya cirewa tare da bayyanar sautin farko (bayan makonni 1.5 - 2).
4. Bugu da ari, tare da bayyanar 2-3 ganyen ganye (5-7 cm), sauƙi nutse cikin raba kwantena.
5. Kulawa da tsire-tsire masu zuwa shine haɗuwa da noma na yau da kullum (bude fim, girgiza condensate daga gare ta).
6. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suna juyayi shekaru 45 zuwa 60, ana iya dasa su a cikin ƙasa.
7. Dole ne a shirya gado na oregano a cikin kaka. A cikin bazara yana yawanci kawai dan kadan ya rabu.
8. Don dasa shuki seedlings na oregano, dasa ramukan an shirya a nesa na 15-20 cm daga juna. Ana sanya tsire-tsire a cikin rami, an rufe shi da ƙasa, wanda aka lalata a cikin gangar jikin.

Yadda ake kulawa?

• Zazzabi. Mafi yawan zafin jiki na oregano shine + 18 - + 20, amma shuka zai iya tsayayya da vibrations + 12 - + 35. Duk da haka, bambance-bambance mai sauƙi na 5 zuwa 8 digiri na oregano ba shi da kyau.
• Watering. Oregano yana buƙatar matsakaicin watering: a cikin wani hali ba zai iya over-moisten kasar gona, amma kuma kada overdry ma. Tsawancin ban ruwa - kamar yadda kasusuwa na ƙasa ya bushe, kamar sau ɗaya kowace rana zuwa 3 zuwa 4.
• Haske. Oregano yana son mai yawa haske, amma har yanzu hasken rana kai tsaye a kan m foliage ya kamata a cire. A musamman zafi zafi kwanaki da shuka zai buƙaci shading. Idan yanayi ya dame, to, oregano seedlings na bukatar karin haske daga fitolampa.
• Top dressing. Idan oregano ba a girma a matsayin shuka ornamental, to, yana bukatar gyaran abinci na yau da kullum. Bayan kowane yankan mai tushe a karkashin daji, wajibi ne don ƙara jiko na kaji na kaza (1 ɓangaren litter: 15 sassa na ruwa) ko mullein (1:10). Yana yiwuwa don samar da takin mai magani da ma'adinai (15 - 20 grams na nitroammofoski da mita mita a cikin nau'in narkar da).
• Nip. Kamar yadda ciyayi ke tsiro, dole ne a zana hanyoyi na harbe (fashe ta hannu) don samar da kambi da kuma rayarwa.
• Dakatarwa. Kayan shuka yana buƙatar bayan kowace watering yana tafiya zuwa zurfin 1.5 cm, musamman ma a cikin shekaru biyu na rayuwa: ba a yarda da samuwar ɓawon burodin ƙasa ba.
• Weeding. Ba za mu iya ƙyale shafin ya zama gungumen tare da weeds ba, musamman ma a farkon shekaru na rayuwa. Amma bayan yanayi uku, za a iya cire weeding.

Yadda za'a yadawa da kula da oregano a gida - fasali

Don shuka zai buƙaci tukwane tare da damar 2 - 3 lita tare da mai kyau malalewa da magudana ramukan. A matsayin madara, kowane ƙasa mai gina jiki, saya daga kantin kayan sana'a, ko ƙasa mai laushi mai yashi mai laushi da pH na 6.0 - 6.5 zai yi.

Oregano za a iya watsa shi ta hanyar rarraba daji ko seedlings. Tsarin kulawa daidai yake da oregano a filin bude. Ƙarin matakan - a lokacin dumi, ana iya bayyanar da shuka a sararin samaniya, amma tare da farkon farkon yanayin sanyi ya kamata a mayar dashi a wuri mai dumi da wuri.

Cututtuka da kwari

Oregano yana fallasa zuwa hare-hare ta hanyar aphids da shan kashi ta Alternaria (black rot). Cutar ta haifar da matsananciyar watering, daidai da haka, zaku iya kawar da shi ta hanyar daidaita yanayin alamu. Idan tushen sun yi yawa, to, tsire-tsire zai dace da dashi.

Kuma don kawar da aphids, zaku iya amfani da hanyar da ake amfani dashi: ya nace 100 grams na wormwood bushe a cikin kilo 400 na Boiled Boiled, kawo zuwa tafasa da kuma simmer a kan zafi kadan na minti 5. Kuna iya kokarin kawar da kwayar ta hanyar yayyafa tafarnuwa ko albasa infusions, ƙura da toka da taba ƙura (1: 1).

Yaushe kuma ta yaya girbi?

A cikin shekarar farko na rayuwa, oregano bai yi girma ba kuma ya yi girma a hankali., kuma a cikin shekaru na biyu da shekaru masu zuwa - fara fitar da buds kuma da sauri girma. An yanke katako a lokacin shuka na shuka (Yuli - Agusta), wanda ya kai 15 - 20 cm a tsawo. An yanka mai tushe zuwa 1/3 tsawo, wanda ke taimakawa wajen kara girma. Sa'an nan kuma an bushe su a 35 a cikin inuwa.

Oregano - shuke-shuke unpretentious. Bayan kammala jerin tsararrun buƙatun don kiyayewa da haifuwa, zaka iya samun kantin sayar da kantin gida na ainihi a cikin gidanka ko ɗakin.