A cikin abinci na yawancin mutanen Rasha akwai kayan lambu masu yawa da ake daukar su "nasu". Wannan turnip, horseradish kuma, ba shakka, radish! Abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan da aka gano, bitamin, phytoncides, mai mahimmancin mai, ana ƙaunarsa a matsayin wani abincin salatin kayan lambu, kuma a matsayin magani.
Tare da nau'o'in jinsuna, zai ba da dama ga kayan lambu da dama, saboda zai iya zama fari, ruwan hoda, kore da baki, da fari da marigayi cikakke. Amma don samun kayan amfanin gona mai ban sha'awa da dadi, kana bukatar ka san irin yanayin da ake da shi, wanda daga cikinsu shine lokacin dasa.
Menene sakamakon sakamakon jinkirta shuka kayan lambu?
Radish yana daya daga cikin kayan lambu wanda tsawon lokacin hasken rana yake da muhimmanci. Wannan inji yana da dogon rana, saboda haka idan kun shuka shi a farkon lokacin rani, hakika zai yi fure (wannan yanayin ana kiran launin launi).
Yana da mahimmanci ga kowane mai son lambu don samun amfanin gona mai kyau na amfanin gona. Sabili da haka, shuka radish, da aka yi a lokacin da ba daidai ba, zai iya haifar da tsire-tsire na kayan lambu, wanda zai haifar da cire kayan abinci daga tushen zuwa furanni da kuma samar da tsaba, kuma a sakamakon haka, asarar hasara.
Menene kayyade lokacin saukowa?
Don zaɓar lokaci mai kyau don dasa shuki radish kuma don samar da kulawa mai kyau, kana buƙatar tunawa da wasu yanayi don amfanin gonar kayan lambu.
- Bambancin zaɓi.
- Duba yanayin yanayin damuwa.
- Gayyadar radish (don cin abinci nan da nan ko don ajiya).
Bambancin zaɓi
Akwai nau'o'in iri guda uku akan gudun ciyayida, lissafi ga abin da ya kamata ya kasance mai ƙayyade a cikin zabi na dasa da balaga.
- Dafaran iri na farko dasa tare da tsaba a spring a watan Maris, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna girbe a farkon watan Yuli, lokacin girbi yana kwanaki 40-50, an dasa shuki ta hanyar seedlings ko a cikin ƙasa.
- Mid-kakar - Shuka tsaba da aka shuka a cikin ƙasa a watan Afrilu - farkon watan Mayu - tsakiyar Yuni, girbi - a ƙarshen Satumba. Lokacin jinkirta shine kwanaki 75-100.
- Late-ripening (hunturu) - shuka a cikin marigayi Yuli - farkon Agusta, tarin amfanin gona na tushen - a cikin marigayi kaka, gaba da karfi frosts. Lokaci na tarawa shine kwanaki 90-120.
Duba yanayin yanayin damuwa
Yankin ƙasarmu yana da girma, wanda yake a wurare daban-daban, lokaci na dasawa da kuma noma radish wanda ba haka ba ne. A tsakiya na Rasha (ciki har da yankin Moscow), a Siberia, a cikin Urals, ba shakka, mafi kyau ga shuka a bude ƙasa (kuma wannan hanya ce mafi dacewa ga radish) su ne farkon, tsakiyar kakar da iri-iri iri iri. Amma farkon ripening, idan dasa a cikin ƙasa, zai haifar da daga baya; idan an dasa shi a cikin yanayin iri, a Yuli. A kudancin Rasha, zaku iya amfani dasu don bunkasa radish don shuka a cikin ƙasa.
Manufar kayan lambu
Kafin shuka, kana buƙatar fahimtar dalilin da ya sa shuka yake zaune: don yin amfani da abinci a lokacin rani (farkon kakar da iri-iri) ko don ajiya na dadewa (hunturu). Wannan yanayin na radish mai tsanani yana rinjayar girbi, domin daga farkon da tsakiyar kakar radish kada ku yi tsammanin tsire-tsire masu girma, ko da yake sun yi girma sosai, tare da dandano mai dadi, suna da sauri ba tare da kiyaye su ba. Yayinda tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire mai girma, m, tare da dandano mai dandano, ana iya adana shi har sai kakar ta gaba, ba tare da rasa dukiyarsa mai amfani ba, bitamin da abubuwa masu alama.
Tattaunawa da albarkatu masu tushe waɗanda suka dace da noma a wurare daban-daban na Rasha
An raba radiyo cikin nau'o'i masu biyowa:
- Turai (girma a Rasha, baki, fari ko kore);
- Harshen Sin (girma a Asiya ta Tsakiya da yankunan kusa da ita, yana kama da dandano radishes, irinsu Misato Red, Misato Green);
- Jafananci (girma a cikin Far East da kwanan nan a kudancin Rasha, duk irin daikon).
| Matsayi iri-iri, ɓangare na Rasha, dace da girma da iri-iri | Yawan yanayi (kwanaki) | Duration na shuka dangane da sauyin yanayi |
| Farawa iri | ||
| Green Goddess (a ko'ina Rasha) | 50-60 | Tsarin yanayi mai sanyi da sanyi shine ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon watan Mayu. Warm sauyin yanayi - tsakiyar Maris - Afrilu farkon. |
| Mayu (don Tsakiyar Rasha) | 50-60 | |
| Odessa 5 (na tsakiya Rasha) | 30-42 | |
| Sudarushka (na tsakiya Rasha) | 40 | |
| Yakin fari na rana (domin Siberia) | 40-45 | |
| Daikon ("Jahananci radish") (na gabas da kudu na Rasha) | 30-45 | Yanayin yanayi yana da matsayi daga farkon Yuli zuwa farkon Agusta. |
| Agatha (na tsakiya Rasha) | 65 | Tsarin yanayi mai sanyi da sanyi shine ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon watan Mayu. Warm sauyin yanayi - tsakiyar Maris - Afrilu farkon. |
| Delicacy (na yankin Moscow) | 38-40 | |
| Yawan iri-iri | ||
| Gaivoronskaya (na tsakiya Rasha) | 110-112 | Tare da yanayin sanyi da kwanciyar hankali, ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon watan Mayu. Warm sauyin yanayi - tsakiyar Maris - Afrilu farkon. |
| Mai ban mamaki (mai ban mamaki) | 80-90 | |
| Winter dogon baki (a ko'ina Rasha) | 80-90 | |
| Winter hunturu baki (domin Siberia da Moscow yankin) | 110-120 | |
| Girma na zagaye na duhu (domin yankin Moscow) | 80-100 | |
| Bobenheim (na Siberia) | 90-100 | |
| Ƙarshen iri iri | ||
| Gaivoronskaya 27 (na tsakiya Rasha) | 120 | Cool da temperate sauyin yanayi - karshen Yuni. Hot sauyin yanayi - ƙarshen Yuli - farkon Agusta. |
| Warkarwa (na tsakiya Rasha) | 120 | |
| Munich (don Siberia) | 100 | |
Mafi yawan iri-iri "May"
Yana da kyau don girma duk lokacin rani, saboda yana da tsayayya ga tsvetushnosti. Wace wata za ku iya shuka a ƙasa mai bude? Zaka iya fara shuka Mayu a cikin farkon marigayi - a ƙarshen Maris - Afrilu na farko, kamar yadda tsaba sunyi sanyi. Sa'an nan kuma shuka a watan Mayu - Yuli, samun kananan a girman, m, ba tare da karfi sharpness na tushen.
Yawan kwanakin da za a sake dasawa ya kamata mu ƙaddara kanmu, saboda yawan kayan lambu da ake amfani dashi a cikin abinci.
Hanyar bunkasa
A cikin greenhouse ko greenhouse
Za'a iya girma radish a cikin gandun daji a duk tsawon shekara (musamman idan an gajiyar da greenhouse). Zai fi kyau girma irin Jafananci radish a cikin irin wannan yanayi - iri daikon. Za'a iya yin shuka a:
- Satumba (za a iya samun girbi kafin gishiri mai tsanani);
- Fabrairu (gine-gine mai tsanani);
- Maris - Mayu (unheated greenhouse, greenhouse).
A gida (a kan windowsill)
Daga cikin nau'o'in kayan lambu na kayan lambu suna da ban mamaki iri-iri da za a iya girma akan windowsill, ba tare da wahala ba, a cikin akwati a baranda. Wannan radish "Odessa 5". Lokacin kakar girma ya takaice - 30-40 days. Ana yin girbi mafi yawa a farkon watan Mayu, ba damuwa daga saukowa ba. Kuma sai ci gaba da shuka a ko'ina cikin shekara.
Lokacin da ranar ya yi guntu sosai, ana yin hasken wuta tare da jiki, kulawa mai sauƙi ne: watering da watering fertilizers.
A cikin gonar a bude ƙasa
Girman radish a cikin lambun a filin bude yana gudanar da hanyoyi guda biyu: seedling da seedless.
Tsaba
Radish shine tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, da tsaba suna cike da su a zafin jiki na + 3-5 digiri, da harbe suna jure yanayin yanayin zafi da gajeren lokaci, wanda yakan kasance a cikin bazara. Saboda haka Wajibi ne a dasa shuki a farkon radish lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta narke kuma kasar gona ta yi zafi ga yanayin da aka ƙayyade.. Kuma a sa'an nan, dangane da iri-iri, shuka a lokacin bazara.
An shuka tsaba daga rani na rani daga watan Afrilu zuwa kwanaki na ƙarshe na watan Mayu, suna da sanyi ga sanyi, azumi da matsakaici. A gare su, yawan zazzabi yana da dadi + 18-20 digiri, ya kamata ya kasance m ga 1-1.5 makonni. Sanin waɗannan siffofi na shuka, yana da sauƙi a lissafin mafi yawan shuka kwanakin.
Kwayar hunturu da nau'o'in hunturu an shuka daga tsakiyar Yuni zuwa farkon Agusta. A wannan yanayin, la'akari da tsawon shekarun kwanaki 110 na raguwa, yanayin hawan dutse mai girma, da shuka tare da watar watsi (amfani da kalandar shuka), zaka iya samun kyakkyawan sakamako.
Hanyar Rassadny
Dasa tsire-tsire radish abu ne mai rikitarwa da yawa masu shuka suna cewa wannan hanya ba tasiri sosai ba.
Duk da haka, ana iya shuka radish akan tsirrai a cikin kasusuwa tare da sako-sako da, ƙasa mai kyau a farkon Maris, sa'an nan kuma a dasa shi a ƙasa. Shuka da wuri da kuma tsakiyar farkon iri.
Shin shuka lokacin dogara ne akan amfanin gona?
Akwai matsayi don rarraba radish zuwa iri dake dogara da launi.
Black
Mafi magunguna, tare da dandano mai dandano da inganci mai kyau, kowane nau'i na blackish radish shine tsakiyar kakar ko marigayi, don haka an shuka su daga watan Mayu (mafi yawansu a watan Yuli) zuwa Yuli (farkon Agusta). Ana shuka shuka (Yuli - Agusta) don ajiyar kayan lambu na hunturu.
White
Sweeter da mafi taushi fiye da baki, dandano mai ban sha'awa da ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa, yana kama da dandano radish, yawanci iri iri. Saboda haka, an dasa shuki a cikin bazara dangane da sauyin yanayi. Daikon yana dauke da farin radish, kayan lambu masu karamar calorie, mafi yawancin tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire ya fi kyau a yi tun karshen watan Mayu, ana girma a kowace shekara a cikin greenhouse.
Green
M, tare da dandano mai dadi, yana da amfani sosai ga bitamin. Yawan iri "Green Goddess" da "Margelanskaya" sun fara tsufa, kuma "Yuzhanka" - marigayi maturing. Ana dasa shi ne dangane da halaye na iri.
Red (ruwan hoda)
Gwangwani masu kyau ne, amma suna da launi mai ban mamaki. - daga ruwan hoda zuwa burgundy. Dukan sharuddan ripening, wanda ke nufin cewa dangane da girma kakar, lokacin shuka zai zama daban-daban.
A kan mãkirci akwai radish iri daban-daban, domin ba su da bambanci daban-daban iri iri, amma har da ire-iren dandano da yawan abubuwan da suke amfani.
