M shuwa na flowering na Rhododendron Schlippenbach: photo da girma daga iri

A tsakiyar karni na sha tara, wani masanin jirgin ruwa, Aleksandr Egorovich Shlippenbach, ya yi tafiya a gefen yankunan Korea a kan jirgin "Pallas" kuma ya ga wani kyakkyawan gandun daji ya rufe shi da manyan furanni mai launin ruwan kasa. A yau an kira shi Rhododendron Schlippbach ko sarauta azalea.

Alamar da bayanin

Mafi kyau na dukkanin bishiyoyi masu tsauraran kwayoyi suna tsayayya da sanyi, basu ji tsoro ko da kashi 30 cikin sanyi. A yanayi, a kan tsaunukan dutse da kuma gandun daji na Gabas ta Tsakiya, yana tsiro har zuwa mita 4, kuma yana da wuya fiye da 1.5 m cikin al'ada.

Hotuna

Tushen tushen

Ita ce a azalea babbaSaboda haka, ba zai yiwu ba a zabi "masu fafatawa" don kayan abinci a kan makircin makwabta, wanda tushensu ma sunyi zurfi.

Mafi kyau makwabtanta - shuke-shuke tare da taproot. Alal misali, Pine, spruce, kuma daga 'ya'yan itace - pear, yada itace apple, ceri.

Trunk da ganye

Kwayoyin matasan wannan jinsin an rufe shi da haske launin toka, kuma samari suna launin launin fata.

Manya mai tsawo (har zuwa 10 cm) ya bar itace tare da korera masu launin kore mai haske a ƙarshen harbe. A cikin fall, sun zama ja-ja, kuma a watan Oktoba azalea kwari.

Flowers

A daya daji akwai dubban! Suna fure a watan Afrilu-Mayu kadan a baya fiye da bishiyoyi ko tare tare da su kuma suna rufe shuka tare da wata murfin ruwan hoda (wani lokacin farin) kumfa. Furen suna girma, ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan itace a cikin bishiyoyi masu tsummoki - riƙe da kwanaki 10-14 kuma suna jin dadi sosai.

Yadda ake kulawa?

Saukowa

Lokacin mafi kyau don dasa shuki - farkon bazara, amma zaka iya shuka a farkon kaka. Domin hawan katako don yayi girma, ya kamata a kare shi daga iska ta bango ko shinge - gefen arewa zai yi. Azalea Yana son inuwa mai warwatse - a wuri mai duhu ba za ku iya jira furanni ba.

Ground

Ana buƙatar wannan shuka da ruwa mai tsabta sosai (pH 3.0-5.0). Ramin don dasa shuki (zurfin zurfi 50, nisa 60 cm) ya cika da cakuda mai tsayi (3 sassa) kuma ya juya ƙasa (1 part), kuma ana iya amfani da taki mai shekaru 2-3 a maimakon haka. Idan ƙasa shine yumbu, ƙara yashi. A lokacin da dasa shuki dasa sa hannun hannu kuma yayyafa da ƙasa ba mafi girma fiye da tushen abin wuya. Top - a Layer na crushed Pine haushi ko sawdust daga coniferous itatuwa.

Watering da zafi

Rhododendron yana son danshi. Cikakken bushewa na ƙasa a gare shi shine hallakaswa. A cikin kwanaki masu zafi da kuma rashin ruwan sama mai tsawo, yana buƙatar yawan abinci mai yawa. Kyau mafi kyau shine ruwan sama.. Gudun ruwa yana da kyau, amma da farko duba ƙwaƙwalwarsa (misali, ta amfani da sabulu - idan an wanke shi, yana nufin ruwa mai laushi). Ruwan ruwan zafi zai iya yalwata ta hanyar fitar da citric acid cikin shi a madadin lita 3-4 da lita 10.

Ruwa daga famfo bai dace da ban ruwa ba - yana da chlorine da lemun tsami, wanda azalea bai yi haƙuri ba.

A kwanakin zafi, azalea ya kamata a sauke shi. Ya kamata a sau da yawa a fesa shi da ruwa mai laushi.

Taki

Yana da muhimmanci don ciyar da Shlippenbach sau uku a kakar: kafin flowering, dama bayan, da kuma a kan ewa na kaka.

Ga na farko biyu feedings dace ko dai Ƙasa ta musamman ga rhododendrons (ya kamata a dauka a 20-30 g da daji), ko Kemira wagon (2-3 g da 1 lita na ruwa). Don wannan, yana da kyau don ƙara 5-10 grams na kowace nitrogenous taki, misali, urea.
Girman kango na kankara yana da bambanci. Nitrogen ba'a bukatar, kuma kana buƙatar 30 g na superphosphate + 15 g na potassium sulfate da daji. Zaka iya ƙara da ƙananan ƙwayar taki. Wannan zai hana girma da harbe, wanda ba dole ba a cikin fall, kuma zai karfafa itace.
Sau biyu a shekara - a cikin idon ruwa (kamar yadda dusar ƙanƙara ta narke) kuma a ƙarshen lokacin rani kana buƙatar yayyafa ƙasa karkashin rhododendron Layer Layer (har zuwa 10 cm) na conifer sawdust. Irin wannan fashewa ba zai bari kasa ta bushe ba, kuma weeds suyi girma. A lokaci guda kuma da ake so acidity na ƙasa zai goyi bayan.

Yanayin yanayin zafi

Mafi dadi shi ne: a lokacin rani + 18-24ºС, a cikin hunturu har zuwa - 20ºС, kodayake Schlippenbach rhododendron yana da tauraron hunturu, zai iya tsayayya da sanyi mai tsanani. Ya kwashe shi da raɗaɗi.

Flowering

Don shirya daji domin flowering - ciyar da shi a cikin bazara, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama.

A lokacin flowering, don tsawanta shi, kama shi da furanni. Mai sanyaya a waje, da ya fi tsayi daji zai yi fure. Idan yanayin yana da zafi - ruwa da kuma fesa shi.

A lokacin da spraying, kada ku taba furanni da buds, in ba haka ba suna da sauri ko kuma su fara rot.

Bayan flowering, an ciyar da shi a karo na biyu, saboda A wannan lokacin, ana ajiye fure-fure don kakar ta gaba.

Shin ina bukatan gyara?

Bayan flowering, dogon rassan da raunana buds an cire, suna da kyakkyawan kambi. A lokacin rani da kaka, daji za ta fitar da sabon harbe.

Kafin hunturu, suna buƙatar a yanka, sa'an nan kuma shekara ta gaba rhododendron zai yi fure har ma da kyau.

Tashi

Idan rhododendron yana buƙatar a canza shi, ana iya yin shi ta wurin canja wuri a kowane lokaci, sai dai lokacin flowering da marigayi kaka.

Azalea Tushen suna karami - yana da sauƙin tono. Gwada kada ka karya gado na ƙasa, saboda Tushen suna da matukar damuwa.

Tsarin hanyoyi

Girma daga zuriyar

Zai fi kyau saya tsaba a cikin gandun daji ko agrocomplex.
Zaka iya adana su zuwa shekaru 4 a cikin akwati da aka rufe a wuri mai sanyi, sa'an nan kuma ba su rasa hasara.
Shuka tsaba a cikin hunturu (Disamba-Fabrairu).
Ana iya samo ƙasa a cikin kantin sayar da kuma kara da ita don kashi 1 da raunin zabin da aka zana. Idan babu buƙata, zaka iya maye gurbin shi tare da babban peat (shi ma a sayarwa). Wannan ƙasa tana da ƙarfi, yana daidai da iska da danshi, yawancin acid shine pH 3.5 - 4.5.
Sanya malalewa a kasa daga cikin tasa, to ƙasa - ya kamata a rage shi kadan.. Shuka tsaba sannan kuma ku sa su cikin ƙasa, ku rufe su da tsare da kuma sanya su inda dumi, haske da ruwa. A cikin hunturu, tsaba suna buƙatar hasken - hasken rana don su ya zama akalla 16 hours.
Temperatuur don germination + 18-24ºС.
Ƙaramar farko za su iya tafiya bayan mako guda, amma wani lokaci suna jiran wata ɗaya ko tsawo. Lokacin da tsaba suka tashi, an cire fim din kuma ya sanya jita-jita a wuri mai sanyaya (alal misali, kusa da gilashin taga).
Watering yana buƙatar mai yawan gaske, amma bai dace ba.
Kamar yadda na farko na ganyen ganye tafi - dashi da seedlings cikin raba tukwane.

Sauya ta hanyar cuttings

Bayan azalea ya ɓace, an yanke ango daga cikin daji na kimanin watanni shida.

Sanya su a cikin wani tasa mai zurfi, a cikin ƙasa mai tsabta ga rhododendrons, tare da rufe kofi da kuma shayar da ruwa.

Bayan watanni 1.5, cuttings zai dauki tushe, sannan kuma za a iya zaunar da su daban.

Wintering

Ƙaddamarwa na kaka

Idan kaka ya bushe, azaleas yana buƙatar mai kyau watering. - kowane daji 10-12 lita na ruwa, zai bukaci shuka a cikin hunturu. Kar ka manta kuma game da kayan wankewa da pruning kamar yadda aka ambata a baya.

Ana shirya don hunturu

A bisa mahimmanci, wannan jinsin yana iya yin hunturu ba tare da tsari ba, amma mai tsananin sanyi zai iya rinjayar nan gaba, saboda m flower buds sun lalace, da kuma shekara-shekara harbe a karshen sanyi fita. Saboda haka, ya fi kyau a rufe Rhododendron Slippenbach don hunturu.

Da farko na farkon frosts (a tsakiya, za su iya faruwa a karshen Agusta), rufe daji tare da katange kuma kunna shi a saman don kada ya busa iska.

Idan daji yana rawatsawa, da farko da satar da shi, ɗaukar rassan cikin rassan kuma ya gina gawa ko hutunsa, sa'an nan kuma jefa jaka ko haske a saman.

Tsakanin rassan daji na hunturu, zaka iya tsayawa da furanni ko fir spruce rassan - a cikin bazara zai kare "barci" daji daga kunar rana a jiki.

Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara a watan Afrilu, zabi rana mai hadari kuma cire tsari, kuma barin rassan rassan cikin ciki har kwana uku. Hasken rana zai iya ƙone ƙananan ƙananan, kuma sun juya launin ruwan kasa - rhododendron yana daukan lokaci don amfani da haske.

Cututtuka da kwari

Rhododendron girma a cikin ƙasa bude sau da yawa ya zo daga kwari.

Snails da slugs Ƙaunar ci abinci mai laushi mai ban sha'awa na shuka.

Abin da za a yi: duba daji, da hannu tattara dukkan 'yan kwallun' 'comrades' ', kuma don ci gaba da kawar da abincin su, aiwatar da daji tare da bayani mai kashi 8 na fungicide. Thiram da TMDM sun dace.

Gizo-gizo mite, weevils, rhododendron kwari. Rikicin zafi mai zafi tare da rashin zafi, yana da sauki don hana haɗuwa ta hanyar ladabi ta yau da kullum fiye da kulawa da shuka.

Abin da za a yi: Zaka iya rabu da dukan nau'in nau'i na kwari ta hanyar zalunta azalea tare da diazinon kwari. Idan rhododendron ya shafe ta da ƙananan ƙwayoyin, sai ya zama dole a shayar da wannan sinadarin ba kawai a daji ba, har ma a kan ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsa.

Mealybugs, sikelin kwari, rhododendral kwari.

Abin da za a yi: wargaza Karbofos.

Cututtuka na fungal: tsatsa, tabo - bunkasa saboda mummunan yanayi na tushen sa.

Abin da za a yi: sassauta ƙasa, bi da rhododendron tare da shirye-shirye da ke dauke da jan sulphate (misali, Bordeaux cakuda).

Chlorosis - matsala mafi yawan gaske: Schlippenbach foliage ya zama rawaya. Dalili: rashin ƙarfe da manganese.

Abin da za a yi: bincika acidity na kasar gona, idan yana da kasa - kai ga al'ada. Ciyar da tsire-tsire mai hadarin shuka.

Shlippenbach rhododendron zai iya sha wahala saboda yanayin da ake ciki na dashi, da takin gargajiya, da rashin ruwa da ruwa, da bushewa na hunturu, konewa a cikin bazara a rana. Dukkan wannan za'a iya kauce masa idan ka kula da tsirrai daidai, gudanar da bishiyoyi a lokaci, ƙone ƙwayoyin cuta masu cututtuka, yaduwa daji tare da fungicides, exterminating kwari.

Idan ka ƙirƙiri yanayi na azaleas na sarauta da ke kusa da na halitta, za ta amsa da kulawa da hankali kuma ta ba ka kyakkyawa mara kyau wanda ya buɗe wa dan asalin kasar Rasha Shlippenbach.