Asirin wani arziki girbi na radish. Yadda za a zabi iri-iri iri-iri da girma da kayan lambu masu kyau?

Radish wani nau'i ne na tsire-tsire na herbaceous na iyalin Cabbage. A cikin siffar daji an samo a cikin Turai da kuma yanayi na latina na Asia.

Abincin da ake ci na radish shine kayan kayan lambu wanda ya dandana kamar radishes. An shuka tsire-tsire sosai a magani na gargajiya don amfaninsa mai amfani kuma an yi amfani dashi a cikin dafa don yin shiri na salads, appetizers, soups da sauran jita-jita.

Labarin ya ba da cikakken bayani game da siffofin girma da radish tare da sauran kayan lambu. Bayyana asirin girbi mai kyau. Kuma kuma gaya maka game da matsaloli masu wuya da yadda za a magance su.

Hanyar girma da kulawa

Girman radish yana da wasu siffofi, bambanta kula da ita daga kula da wasu kayan lambu:

1. Sensitivity to light - raunin shi zai haifar da samuwa da rashin amfani da amfanin gona. Zai fi dacewa yayi girma a wuri mai bude tare da wuce haddi na hasken rana.
2. Aikace-aikacen takin gargajiya da ke ƙarƙashin radish ba a yi shi ba: zai haifar da yawan kwari, karin cigaba.
3. Don girbi a lokacin rani, ana shuka shurula a farkon Mayu, don girbi na hunturu - a cikin rabin rabin Yuni.
4. Don bunkasa amfanin gona mai tushe a kan busassun ƙasa da ƙasa.
5. Mafi kyaun ƙasa don girma amfanin gona shine loam. Ba kamar sauran kayan lambu ba, ƙasa kamar ƙasa baƙar fata ba za ta yi aiki ba don radish.
6. Radish yana da tsayayya ga yanayin zafi a ƙasa kuma a cikin iska, yana cigaba da haɓakaccen zafin jiki.
7. Wannan al'ada, ba kamar sauran mutane ba, a mafi yawancin lokuta ba ya buƙatar karin takin gargajiya.
8. A lokacin lokutan fari, yawancin watering yana wajibi don kaucewa sacewa 'ya'yan itace da bayyanar haushi a cikinsu.

Haɗu da wasu kayan lambu

Radish yana son unguwa na irin albarkatu kamar radishes, karas, alayyafo, cucumbers, zucchini, tumatir, beets da parsnips. Daga ra'ayin da aka dasa a kan gado ɗaya tare da kabeji radish, ya kamata a bar peas ko strawberries. Radish yana ba da girbi mai kyau, idan kafin ta a kan shafin ya girma tumatir, dankali, ganye, cucumbers ko pumpkins.

Bambancin zaɓi

Daga cikin iri-iri na radish akwai farkon ripening (alal misali, Mayskaya), tsakiyar ripening (Margelanskaya, Chudnaya) da kuma marigayi-ripening (Doctor, Gaivoronskaya).

Zaɓuɓɓuka iri-iri za su dogara ne akan dalilai irin su lokacin girbi da ake bukata, sauyin yanayin yanayi da yanayin yanayi, inda za a kara kayan lambu, dandano da magungunan magani, kiyasta rayuwar rai, adadin amfanin gona, da dai sauransu.

A farkon girbi, iri-iri masu tsire-tsire da za a dasa su a farkon watan Maris sun fi so. Idan kana son girbi don rike da ingancinsa har abada, irin waɗannan nau'o'in kamar White Round White ko Winter Long Black sun dace. Lokacin da girma radish don dalilai magani, da zabi ya kamata a yi a cikin ni'imar da Margelanskaya iri-iri.

Daya daga cikin mafi kyau shine iri-iri Daikon. Yana da dandano mai dadi, maras kyau, Tushen zai iya kaiwa masu girma zuwa 60 cm cikin tsawon kuma har zuwa 10 cm a diamita. Edible ne duk sassa na shuka.

Taimako An rarrabe wannan shuka ta gaskiyar cewa bazai shafan abubuwa masu cutarwa daga yanayin ba, za'a iya dasa shi cikin aminci a wuraren da aka gurɓata muhalli - toxins a cikin tushen amfanin gona bazai tara ba.

Dabbobin radish, wanda aka zaɓa a cikin Rasha, sune mafi ƙanƙanta yanayin yanayin kulawa kuma sun fi dacewa da noma a cikin arewacin da kuma yanayi na latsawa.

Siyan tsaba

Zaku iya saya tsaba na radish a cikin ɗakuna na musamman ko ta Intanit. Masu sayarwa da suna da dubban suna kada su sayi kayan kayan. Farashin kuɗi na tsaba daga 5 zuwa 3500 rubles. ta kowace kunshin, dangane da nau'in, ingancin kaya, nauyin abinda ke ciki na kunshin, da dai sauransu.

Umurnin Girma

A cikin greenhouse

• Saukowa. Ana iya dasa radish a cikin greenhouse a spring da lokacin rani, kuma a farkon hunturu. Kasar gona kafin dasa shuki ya zama rigar, an bada shawarar yin ma'adinai na ma'adinai. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 3 cm, tsawon lokaci yana da 15 cm. Distance tsakanin layuka yana da akalla 20 cm.
• Yanayin girma. A cikin gine-gine, dole ne a ci gaba da zafin jiki mai sanyi (game da digiri 20-23). Yana da muhimmanci a samar da kayan lambu tare da ƙarin haske (misali, fitilun fitilu).
• Watering An shayar da radish na greenhouse kamar yadda ƙasa ta bushe, a matsakaita - sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 14-15, yanayin hunturu ba sau da yawa. Watering ya zama mai yawa (kimanin 8-10 lita na ruwa da 1m²).
• Top dressing. Radish na bukatar ma'adinai na ma'adinai ba fiye da sau 1-2 a cikin lokacin girma ba (a lokacin matuka da wata daya daga bisani). Late-ripen kaka iri da takin mako-mako (ban da ma'adinai da takin mai magani, nitrogen da takin mai magani ana amfani da).
• Weeding Ya kamata a cire ciyawa da ke girma kusa da radish - da hannu (janye daga ƙasa) ko amfani da kayan aiki na musamman (misali, choppers). Sau 2-3 a wata yana da amfani mai zurfin ƙasa.
• Thinning. Radish - babban shuka, don ci gaba da ci gaban sprouts yana buƙatar zama a cikin lokaci mai dacewa (bayan sautin germination da makonni 2-3 bayan na farko). Ya kamata a yanke rassan da ba a tushe a tushe na tushe, maimakon ja daga tushe (wannan zai iya lalata rhizomes na shuke-shuke masu lafiya).
• Hilling Ana amfani dashi kawai a lokacin sanyi (don hana daskarewa).

A cikin ƙasa mai bude

Ana gudanar da saukarwa a lokacin bazara da lokacin rani. An yarda da dasa shuki-tsire-tsire (lokacin amfani da iri na iri na musamman). Akwai hanyoyi biyu masu saukowa:

Seedless

• Saukowa. An dasa tsaba a cikin tsirrai da aka yi da ƙasa mai tsabta tare da alamar giraye (zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm), yafa masa ƙasa, ya shafe shi, ya cike da gadaje. A tsaka tsakanin tsaba ne 15-20 cm, tsakanin layuka - 20-25 cm.
• Yanayin girma. Kyakkyawan zazzabi don ci gaba da tushen - 18-22 digiri. Radish don girke kayan ado ya fi son haske.
• Watering ya zama na yau da kullum. Tsayawa na tsawon lokaci zai iya haifar da samuwar cavities a cikin asalinsu. Da farko, bayan shuka, ana shayar da radish sau ɗaya kowace rana 10, a lokacin rani - kamar yadda ƙasa ta bushe. A 1 m² 10-15 lita na ruwa ya kamata. Yawan hunturu ba sa bukatar yawan watering.
• Top dressing. A lokacin kakar, ana amfani da takin mai magani ma'adinai sau 2 - a mataki na bayyanar 2-3 ganye a cikin tsirrai da kuma a farkon mataki na samuwar 'ya'yan itace, kwanaki 25-30 bayan na farko ciyar. Aikace-aikace na dressings an tsaya 3 makonni kafin girbi.
• Weeding Ana cire ƙuda daga gado kamar yadda suke girma. Kayan zuma yana kara haɗarin kwari na kwari, "cire" daga ƙasa mai laushi da kayan abinci. Bayan watering, ana bada shawara don sassauta ƙasa (ba zurfi fiye da 6-7 cm) ba.
• Thinning samar da wani lokaci bayan germination na seedlings. Ana cire wasu tsire-tsire kuma sun raunana, suna ja ko yankan su. Tsakanin sprouts bar 5-6 cm na ƙasa kyauta. Yayin da aka sake motsa jiki, nisa tsakanin su ya kamata kara zuwa 15 cm (a yanayin yanayin rani) ko zuwa 20-25 cm (a yanayin yanayin hunturu).
• Hilling An sanya shi don hana yaduwar turbaya daga ƙasa, don kare tsire-tsire na hunturu daga sanyi. Duk da haka an yi shi a matsayin ɓangaren ɓangare na tushe ya zama bayyane daga ƙasa - a wannan yanayin, tsarin "gogewa" ƙasa a kewayen shuka yana taimaka wajen adana samfurin.

Rassadny

• Saukowa. Shuka tsaba ana gudanar da shi a cikin kwantena cike da ƙurar na gina jiki. Tsakanin tsakanin tsaba shine akalla 3 cm.
• Yanayin girma. An dasa shuki a cikin wuri mai duhu, bayan bayyanar sprouts canjawa zuwa gefen rana ko baranda.
• Watering da ciyar. Ruwa na ruwa yana dogara ne da ƙasa mai laushi, a kowane lokaci kowace rana 10-12. A lokacin girma na seedlings, saman miya ba gabatar, maimakon takin kasar gona ana amfani da lokacin da dasa shuki tsaba.
• Thinning Radish a gida yana da mahimmanci kamar lokacin da girma a cikin wani ganyayyaki ko bude ƙasa daga tsaba.
• Weeding da hilling seedlings ba su samar. A cikin lokaci na 3-4 ganye na wannan shuka ana shuka su ne a gonar.

A gida

Yada yawan noma a kan baranda a babban tankuna.

• An dasa shuki a cikin tubs don tsire-tsire ba sa tsoma baki tare da juna, kuma tushen suna da isasshen wuri don ci gaba. Dabbobi na farko da marasa lafiya sun fi dacewa.
• Yanayi Mafi yawan zafin jiki yana da digiri 15-22. A lokacin hunturu, ana iya canja shuka a cikin dakin, a cikin lokacin dumi - saka a cikin iska.
• Ana yin watayar sau ɗaya a mako, ana ciyar da abinci sau 1-2 a kowace kakar.
• Thinning - wani muhimmin taron a kula da gida radish.
• Ana shayar da kifi kamar yadda ake bukata.
• Ana yin amfani da Hilling kawai idan tushen ba su da dadewa.

Asirin girbi mai kyau

Lokacin da yake girma yana da muhimmanci a tuna da wasu ƙwarewar:

1. Mulching na gadaje zai taimaka ƙasa don riƙe da danshi da abubuwa masu amfani har ya fi tsayi, kuma al'adar mai laushi za ta ji daɗin kyawawan amfanin gona.
2. Masu nuna alamar acidity ya kamata su zama ƙasa, to, tushen zai zama babban, tare da dandano mai arziki.
3. Yawan hasken rana shine mahimmanci don ci gaba da amfanin gona mai girma.
4. Rashin lalata ƙasar tare da ƙurar taba tare da ash kowace 'yan kwanaki. Wannan zai kare tsire daga kwari, kuma ash zaiyi aiki a matsayin taki na potash.

Cututtuka

1. Farin fari - shan kashi da kuma ganowa na kyallen takarda.
2. Mealy dew - rinjayar da stalks da ganye, m sau da yawa - mai tushe.
3. Black kafa - ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta daga ɓangaren ɓangare na tushen da ɓangaren ƙananan lakabi na leafy.

Yin gwagwarmayar: rabu da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire daga masu ciwo, yin amfani da sassa masu lalacewa ko tsire-tsire masu cututtuka, jiyya da kwayoyi waɗanda suke hana ci gaban pathogenic flora.

Jarabawa

1. Kapustnitsa (malam buɗe ido).
2. A kabeji asu.
3. Spring kabeji tashi.
4. Cruciferous ƙuma.

Yi gwagwarmaya: yaduwa da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da ruwa da kwari, ta ware su daga wasu albarkatu.

Rigakafin: magani na yau da kullum da maganin antiparasitic.

Matsaloli da dama da za a iya shawo kan su

1. Tushen tushen. Yana faruwa saboda wuce haddi. Yawan ruwan yana bukatar a rage.
2. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun ɓata talauci. Wataƙila tsirewar ba ta da isasshen haske ko kasar gona ta yi yawa. An warware matsala ta hanyar canja wuri zuwa yanayi mafi dacewa, tsaftarwar ƙasa na yau da kullum.
3. Ƙarfafawa mai ƙarfi. Zai yiwu kasar gona tana da karfi sosai. An yarda da shi ta hanyar rage artificial a cikin ƙasa (kamar misali, by liming).
4. Gwanin tayin. Zai yiwu ne saboda rashin rashi. Dole ne a daidaita tsarin mulkin rani, don samar da matakan gadaje ko tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.

Don sake cika jiki tare da bitamin da kayan abinci, ana bada shawara don ƙara radish zuwa cin abinci na yau da kullum a cikin hunturu da kuma lokacin bazara. Kayan lambu ya kafa kanta a matsayin mai amfani mai mahimmanci da anti-inflammatory, saboda abin da ya zama mai karɓuwa ga noma a cikin makirci.