Jamusanci iri-iri iri-iri Zakura don tsakiyar Rasha

Sau da yawa, don neman amfanin gona mai yawa, lambu da kuma lambu sun manta game da dandano dankali. Amma wannan tushen amfanin gona ba don abin da ake kira gurasa na biyu ba, ba tare da shi ba, yana da wuya a yi tunanin tebur a kowane ƙasashe na duniya.

Saboda haka, fodder dankali, wato, shi bada rikodin da ake samu, ba zai maye gurbin tebur iri dake dandano. Ƙoƙarin ƙoƙari na shayarwa don hada yawan amfanin ƙasa tare da dandano mai kyau shi ne Zekura.

Za ku sami cikakken bayani, halaye da siffofin fasahar aikin gona a wannan labarin. Har ila yau da karfin zuciya da juriya ga cututtuka, mai yiwuwa a kai hari ga kwari kwari.

Tarihin kiwo

Mabukaci daga Jamus don samun juriya daga tushen, juriya na rashin lafiya, gajeren lokaci na ripening, dandano mai kyau na kayan lambu. Abu mai mahimmanci a gare su shi ne rayuwar rayuwa. Zekura ya tabbatar da cewa yana yiwuwa a yanzu wannan iri-iri ne sanannun mazauna yankunan zafi da masu aikin lambu a duk Rasha, sun samu cigaba da girma ko da a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ɗan gajeren lokacin Siberianbada bayarwa mai kyau.

Tsari na Zekura: bayanin iri iri da hotuna

Dankali na wannan iri-iri sun sami shahararrun saboda kwarewarsu da ƙwarewar aikin gona. Tsarin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba su yadawa, wanda ke samar da weeding da sassautawa. Furen suna m. Nests suna da tsada sosai, an kafa su kusa da farfajiya, wanda ke taimakawa girbi.

Tubers ne ma, oblong, ƙananan idanu, fata fata da fata. Nauyin tubers zai iya kai 60-150 grams, a cikin gida akwai 17-20 guda. Dankali yana da tsayi a sitaci, tsinkayen sauti na alama.

Daɗin dankali shine ya dogara da adadin sitaci a jikinta. A cikin teburin da ke ƙasa zaka iya ganin abin da wannan alama yake ga iri daban-daban:

Zekura yana da tsayayyen maganin nematode na zinariya, ciwon daji, marigayi mai zurfi, ƙarfin tsayayyar scab, leaf curl, rotting. Abin da ke sa wannan iri-iri mai kyau shi ne cewa yayin ajiya, bazai rasa dandano mai kyau na watanni 3-4 ba. Babbar abu shine a zabi wuri don hunturu kuma ku tuna kwanakin.

Hotunan hotuna na tsire-tsire na Zekura:

Gwani da kuma fursunoni iri:

• Kwayoyin tumatir jaunes yana da cikakke ga mashing, frying, dage farawa a cikin soups, stews, Boiled don salads. Ka tuna cewa yana da sauƙi don tafasa laushi.
• Duk da mummunan yanayi, a yanayin fari ko rashin zafi, tubers zai iya zama ƙasa da wanda ake tsammani, daga 50 zuwa 70 grams.
• An adana dankali da wannan nau'in kayan lambu a cikin kayan lambu tare da yanayin zazzabi na digiri 1 - 2, matsanancin zafi.
• Raƙan ƙananan yawan nau'o'in albarkatun gona masu girma ko kadan ko kadan, kusan dukkanin su m, ba tare da stains da roughness, kore tubers kuma kusan ba zai faru ba.
• Tana kare kayan haɓakar varietal har tsawon shekaru.

Yanayin girma

Zai fi kyau shuka shuke-shuke Zekura a tsakiyar watan Mayu, lokacin da kasar gona ta dumi sosai. Wannan nau'in ya nuna sakamako mafi kyau lokacin da aka dasa shi a cikin ƙasa, inda aka dasa shuki, da mustard da lupine kafin.

• Amfani da shirye-shirye na farko na farko: lafazawa, damuwa;
• Ana gudanar da sakawa a ƙasa mai zurfi, zuwa zurfin 10 centimeters;
• Nisa tsakanin tsaba - har zuwa 50 cm;
• Ba'a buƙatar fitarwa na iri;
• Dangane da yanayin ƙasa, ana iya wadatar da shi tare da ƙararraki ko ma'adinai (humus, taki, sapropel, itace ash, peat, sawdust).

Ana ba da shawarar da ake amfani da nauyin Zaria don shuka a tsakiyar Rasha, har ma a Siberia da kuma Kazakhstan ya kai ga fasahar fasaha tsakanin tsakiyar Agusta, 90 zuwa 100 days daga lokacin dasa.

Zekura kuma baya buƙatar kulawa na musamman.. Babban su ne dace weeding da loosening bayan watering ko ruwa. Ana cire ƙuda a watan Yuni, to - kamar yadda ake bukata. A farkon watan Yuli yana da kyau a tsayar da tsire-tsire na dankali, wanda zai ba da damar ci gaba da dumi kuma zai taimaka wajen kafa wani ƙananan gida. Girbi daga tsakiyar Agusta zuwa tsakiyar Satumba.

Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa don shuka dankali. A cikin shafukanmu za ku sami bayanai mai ban sha'awa game da fasaha na Dutch, game da girma cikin ganga ko jaka.

Wannan nau'in, tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana bada har zuwa 450-550 a cikin hectare, wato, har zuwa kilo 45 a kowace hectare a gidan zafi.

Don kwatanta yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma kiyaye ingancin iri iri tare da wasu, zaka iya amfani da tebur da ke ƙasa:

Lokacin da girma dankali, wasu sunadarai ana amfani da su don inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa ko kuma kula da kwaro.

Karanta duk abubuwan da ake amfani da su da kuma haɗari na furotin, herbicides da kwari masu amfani a kan shafinmu.

Dankali ajiya

Don adana amfanin gona mai girma, wajibi ne a yi amfani da rigakafin vault ko cellar kuma ya bushe shi. Dankali mai tsari, cire duk tushen tare da alamun cutar, lalacewa, bushe, tsabta daga ƙasa.

Zai fi kyau a saka shi a cikin kwalaye na katako ko kwantena, amma ɗakunan ajiya na musamman sun dace. Ya kamata a kiyaye yawan zazzabi a cikin ajiya a matakin digiri na 1 - 2, wanda zai taimaka kiyaye dankali ya fi tsayi. Dakin ya zama duhu, yana taimakawa kare germination.

Ya kamata a adana nau'in iri, wanda aka zaba domin dasa shuki tubers, sau biyu a wata, duba yanayin su kuma cire 'ya'yan itatuwa masu laushi ko juyawa. Don makonni 1 - 2 kafin a dasa shuki za a iya sanya su cikin dakin mai dumi.

Don bayani game da inda kuma yadda za a adana bishiyoyi masu tsalle kuma idan yana yiwuwa a ci gaba da yin amfani da dankalin turawa a cikin firiji, duba shafukan da aka raba kan shafin yanar gizon mu.

Cututtuka da kwari

Yawancin cutar Zeroma iri ba mummunan abu ba ne, yana da tsayayya da kusan kome. Kwaro na iya zama haɗari: Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro, wireworm, caterpillar asu, da kuma Medvedka. Kayan waya yana samo asali a wuraren da ba a talauci ba, a cikin naman alade da ganyayyaki, yana son ciyawar alkama.

Tsaida girma daga weeds, a cikin yanayin saurin ƙwayoyin kwari a cikin ƙasa, gudanar da lalata kaka na kasar gona don halakar waya. Wannan kwaro yana so ya zauna a cikin kasa, don haka, hanyoyin da zasu taimaka wajen magance shi:

• Rage (1 kg na shing soda a kowace mita 10 square)
• Wood ash (2 lita 10-lita tare da mita 10 na mita na ƙasa) zai taimaka takin ƙasar da kuma rabu da mu kwari.
• Don magance magungunan kwari na ƙasa na shuka, akwai wasu kwayoyi, ciki har da "Commodore", "Corado", bitobaxicillin. Dole ne a yi amfani da su sosai bisa ga umarnin da aka haɗe da haɗe da marufi na wakili.
• Daga cikin magunguna, ƙura da toka, masara mai gari, har ma da ciminti ko gypsum turbaya (tare da taka tsantsan) an kafa shi sosai.
• An kuma amfani da shi don shayar da bishiyoyi da kuma infusions na goro, acacia, leaf poplar, shag.
• Ba su son kwari da ƙanshi tafarnuwa, wormwood, tar, taba, da wasu tsire-tsire. A kan mãkirci yana da kyau dasa shuki tare da bishiyoyi ko, idan ka fi so, tare da bouquets na tafarnuwa, marigold, nasturtium, calendula, coriander. Wannan zai tsoratar da beetles da Medvedka.

Kammalawa

Yawancin tsire-tsire masu tsaka-tsire iri-iri iri-iri iri-iri na Zekura yana da kyakkyawan girma don bunkasa ƙasashen tsakiyar Rasha da Siberia. Rashin ikonsa na tsayayya da cututtuka da kuma samar da kyakkyawar ƙwayar ko da a lokacin lokuta na fari ya sa ya zama sananne a tsakanin mazauna lambun zafi da kuma lambu.

Babu žananan hankali shi ne cewa yana da tsayayya ga juyawa da sauƙin girma. Ƙwararru mai kyau kuma mai kyau tare da ɓangaren litattafan almara mai rawaya yana da dandano mai dadi sosai kuma yana dauke da abubuwa da yawa masu amfani, don haka suna dace da abincinku.

Har ila yau, muna ba ku wasu nau'in dankali da wasu nau'ikan sha'ani: