Verbena marar shekara ta zamani: nazari iri-iri, noma da haifuwa

Kyakkyawan zaɓi don shimfidar wuraren shimfidar wuri, shimfida wurare, da kuma gonar gonar sune tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire: tsirginsu suna da ban sha'awa, kuma furanni masu haske suna jawo hankali daga nisa. Ɗaya daga cikin wadannan tsire-tsire iri-iri ne da yawa kuma sanannen flower - vervain.

Next, gaya game da kulawa da maganganun verbena marasa banbanci - launin fari, ruwan hoda, ja da sauransu, har da haifuwa da tsaba da kuma cututtuka. Za mu nuna iri mafi kyau a cikin hoto, don haka zai zama mafi sauƙi a gare ku don zaɓar mafi kyau ga mãkircin gonar ku.

Ayyukan Botanical da tarihin bayyanar

Shekarar shekara ta iyalin Verben. Furen suna ƙananan (1.5 - 2 cm a diamita), kowannensu yana da fatar 5 tare da ƙaya. Tare, suna samar da inflorescences kunshi 30-50 kananan furanni.

Su canza launin shine bambancin:

• blue;
• ja;
• m
• rawaya;
• Salmon;
• ruwan hoda

Fure-fure na iya zama duniyar ko kuma tare da hasken wuta a tsakiyar. Halin duhu ganye ne oblong-m ko serrated; suna da tsada sosai. Wata launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa ko 'ya'yan itace mai laushi yana kama da nutlet, wanda ya rabu da shi zuwa kashi 4.

Ƙasar gida ta shuka ita ce ta Kudu da Arewacin Amirka, daga inda ya samu nasarar gudun hijira zuwa Turai, kasashe na Ruman, Tsakiyar Tsakiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Irin wannan shahararren shine saboda ƙwayar tsire-tsire, tsayinsa na tsawon lokaci, tsalle-tsalle mai launin fata, girman girma da kuma ra'ayi masu ban sha'awa. A cikin ƙasashe masu dumi, wannan fure ba ta san yanayin hutawa ba, amma a cikin latitudes muna girma kamar shuka na shekara-shekara.

Fasali na nau'i

Babban alama na shuka shi ne fadowa mai tushe.wanda tsawonsa ya kai 60 cm Babban manufar yana girma a cikin tukwane, kwalliya, kwandon kwallaye da kwanduna don dalilan gonar lambu, shimfiɗa, gazebos.

Wani alama na wannan shuka:

• fure ne abinci ga caterpillars da butterflies;
• mai amfani da gaske a maganin (inganta ci abinci, kunna kwakwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, yana kula da ƙafa);
• a cikin dafa abinci (da aka ba da cucumbers da aka zaɓa a dandano na musamman);
• a cikin gidan (verbena - mai kyau zuma shuka).

Bayani da iri iri

Tsarin kalma ne mai shuka ornamental, wanda shine sakamakon zaɓin kwanan nan, amma yanzu yana da kimanin iri iri 250. Mafi shahararrun su ya kamata a sanya su.

Hasashe

Daban-bambance iri-iri da yawa, creeping harbe wanda ya isa 50 cm cikin tsawon. Florescences m-purple suna kama da siffar kwallon. Wannan iri-iri yana nuna girman girma, don haka ana amfani dashi ba kawai don aikin lambu ba, har ma a matsayin al'adun ƙasa.

Yawan iri-iri yana halin karuwa da yawa a yanayin yanayi. Alamar alama alama "Fleurselekt".

Tiara Red Impr (Red Imperial Crown)

Cibiyar Ampelnaya ta janye hankalin haske da wadataccen launi. Scarlet lush inflorescences duba m a kan baya na launin toka-kore sassaka foliage. Flowering - tsawo da kuma yawan. Yana da damuwa a barin, yana da ƙarfin juriya zuwa frosts (zuwa-3C) da fari.

Lenai Candy Kay

Verbena na jerin masu ban mamaki, tsawon tsawon mai tushe yana da 45 cm. Furanni suna da yawa, masu launin launin fata: a kan fararen fata akwai babban jan launi a siffar tauraron. Ya na da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi.

Moon River

Ƙararren nau'i-nau'i iri-iri, wanda harbe su ne 45 cm tsawo. Launi na inflorescences shine lada. An yi amfani da ita don dalilai na ado..

Peach da cream

Ampelnaya shuka, halin da hade da apricot, cream, yellow da orange furanni a daya inflorescence.

An ba wannan nau'in lambar zinare "Fleurselekt" a 1992.

Muna bayar don kallon bidiyon game da nau'in peach da cream verbena:

Mammut

Daya daga cikin tsofaffin iri. Yanayinsa na rarrabe: a kan rabin mita harbe elongated inflorescences an located.

Tropic

Ampelnaya verbena mai haske ja launi.

Temari

Rikira na harbe-harbe na wasu nau'o'in jinsunan suna dauke da lalac-purple, purple inflorescences.

Da iri-iri na da damuwa ga cututtukan fungal.

Tapien

A shuka an halin creeping branched harbe, dogon lokaci mai tsanani, tsayayye, tsayayya da abubuwan da ke cikin muhalli.

Snow sarauniya

A cakuda mai ban mamaki, yawanci zuwa launuka biyar na inflorescences.

Yanayin tsarewa da kulawa

• Haskewa. Harshen kalma yana son wurare masu kyau inda za ta sami haske da zafi. In ba haka ba, furanni ba zai iya jira ba - duk dakarun da tsire-tsire za su ci gaba da gina harsashin kore.
• Air da zazzabi. Wannan shuka yana da tsayayya ga abubuwan da ke waje, ciki har da haɓaka a cikin iska mai zafi: yana jure wa fari sosai kuma zai iya tsayayya da raguwa zuwa -3 ° C.
• Ƙasa. Kalmar kalma ba ta ƙayyade bukatun musamman akan ƙasa ba. Amma yana da kyau idan kasar gona ta kasance sako-sako da haske. Ana iya samun wannan sakamako ta hanyar ƙara yashi zuwa gona mai kyau.
• Watering. Furen yana ƙaunar matsakaici amma na da tsaftacewa. Kyakkyawar zaɓi ita ce ta hana tsalle daga bushewa, musamman lokacin zafi mai zafi. Ya isa ya shayar da shuka sau uku a mako.
  Yana yiwuwa a ciyawa shavings tare da sawdust, gansakuka ko kuma sun juya ganye don jinkirta laima a cikin ƙasa. Da farko na kaka, watering yawanci tsaya a nan ba.
• Top dressing. Kamar kowane tsire-tsire, nau'o'in verbena masu ban sha'awa suna buƙatar ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki. Yayin da ake ci gaba da ci gaba da yawan kwayoyi masu tsinkaya, ana amfani da tsire-tsire tare da takin mai magani tare da yawancin nitrogen, kuma a lokacin girbi mai furewa za a buƙaci, wanda aka gyara shi ne potassium, phosphorus, manganese.

  Yin amfani da kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta zai yiwu, musamman ma ga ƙwayoyin halitta, an shuka a cikin ƙasa. Zai zama isasshen yin amfani da takin gargajiya tare da humus kafin dasa shuki (5 kg ta mita 1). Ana amfani da takin mai magani sau 3-4 a kowace kakar.

Dasa da kuma dasawa

Lokacin mafi kyau ga dasa shine Mayu-Yuni.. Lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin tukunya, ya kamata mutum ya ci gaba daga ƙaraminsa:

• a cikin biyar lita damar ya kamata a dasa 2 - 3 harbe;
• na bakwai lita-lita za'a iya ƙara lamba zuwa 4 - 5.

A lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, an dasa shukin begonia tare da nau'in shuke-shuken 40 da mita 1, yana sanya indentations tsakanin tsire-tsire na 25-30 cm.

Hanya mafi kyau ta shuka shuka itace canja wurin shuka.. Dalilin wannan hanyar shine motsa tsire-tsire daga wuri guda zuwa wani tare da clode earthy, saboda haka guje wa rauni ga tsarin tushen.

Kiwo

Hanyoyi masu mahimmanci na haifuwa da kalmar verbena marasa amfani suna dasawa da yaduwa ta tsaba.

Cuttings

Iyaye iyaye, da aka samo daga ƙasa tare da ball ball, ya kamata a samar da su a cikin gida mai sanyi, inda yawan zazzabi a lokacin sanyi ya bambanta tsakanin +5 - + 10С.

1. A watan Fabrairun-Maris, an raba sashin labaran da rubutun ganye 5-6 tare da harbe.
2. Tabbatar cewa tsakanin ƙananan ƙumburi a kan rike kuma yanke ya zama nisa na 1 cm.
3. Ya kamata a yanke ƙananan rassan daga yankan, aiwatar da tip din tare da tushen da zai taimakawa shi da kuma rufe shi a cikin ƙasa mai laushi (yashi da kuma kashi 1: 1) zuwa ga ƙananan ganye.
4. Daga sama, akwati an rufe shi da gilashin ko polyethylene don ƙirƙirar sakamako na greenhouse: an bude tsarin "greenhouse" don samun iska.
5. An shayar da ƙasa a matsayin babba na sama.

Tsarin rushewa na kusan kimanin 20 zuwa 30, bayan haka za'a iya shuka kananan ƙananan wuri a wuri mai dindindin.

Muna bayar don kallon bidiyon game da yankan abin da ba'a gani ba:

Tsaba

Wannan hanyar haifuwa yawanci ana gudanar da shi watanni 2 kafin dasa shuki na begonia maras kyau a wani wuri na dindindin (Fabrairu - Maris). Verbena tsaba suna da tsayayyun tsirrai.

1. Don ƙwayar su, dole ne a cika wani akwati m tare da yashi (perlite), shayar da shi.
2. Sanya tsaba a farfajiyar, ba tare da zurfafa ba kuma ba tare da shafa su ba tare da substrate.
3. Bayan kwandon ya rufe gilashi ko filastik filastik don ƙirƙirar yanayi kusa da gine-gine, kuma saka shi a wuri mai dumi (yawan zazzabi ba zai kasance ƙasa da + 25C) ba.
4. Dole a buɗe masauki mai tsari, kwalliyar da aka kwantar da shi domin hana hanawa.
5. Lokacin da kamfanonin farko suka bayyana (a cikin kwanaki 20-30), ana iya saukar da yawan zafin jiki ta digiri 5, ana iya cire gilashi, kuma ana iya samar da tsirrai da haske mai kyau.
6. Sa'an nan kuma ya kamata a tsire kowane tsire-tsire (bayan bayyanar 2 ganye na gaskiya) a cikin kwantena.
7. Bayan da aka saki 5 - 6 (7 - 8 cm) ganye, an yi amfani da tsutsa (ma'anar kowane tayi ya karya don tabbatar da kyakkyawar haɗin daji na gaba).

Cututtuka da matsaloli masu girma

Har ila yau, lalacewar lalacewa, kafafun kafafu, ƙuƙwalwa, amma waɗannan lokuta ba su da yawa. Don taimakawa wajen magance irin waɗannan matsaloli na iya sayar da kwayoyi masu mahimmanci a ɗakuna na musamman (Fundazol, Saprol).

Maganar kalma ta kunshi harin ta aphids.. Za a iya yin kwakwalwa tare da taimakon sayan, kuma tare da hanyoyi masu amfani: 300-400g na sabin wanki yana rubbed a kan grater kuma zuga da lita 10 na ruwa. Dole a wanke bayani tare da ganyayyaki na shuka da aka shafa.

Kyakkyawan matashi na furanni masu yawa na ampelous vervain za su yi ado duk wani mai amfani ko kuma baranda. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwaƙƙwancin shuka, tsirrai da cutar ta haifar da ampelnaya daya daga cikin furanni masu ban sha'awa a duniya.