Farin fararen flowering hemanthus yana da mashahuri tare da lambu saboda sauƙin kulawa da kyawawan furanni. Daga labarin za ku koyi game da siffofin wannan shuka, da furanni, da yadda za a shuka furanni a gida.
Bayanan Botanical da fasali
Tsuntsaye mai kyau na gidan Amaryllis. Gidajen gida da mazaunin halitta - ƙauyuka a Afrika ta Kudu. Ta hanyar tushen tushen tsarin yana nufin albasa. A kara ne lokacin farin ciki, ya kai a tsawo na 15-25 cm.
Shin kuna sani? Sunan "gemantus" ya samo asali ne daga harshen Helenanci kuma an kafa ta sakamakon kalmomin biyu "haemo" (jini) da "anthos" (flower).A cikin mutane ana kiran shuka ne "harshen giwa" ko "kunne". Wannan shi ne saboda siffar fure-furen elongated kamar furen furen, wanda yayi girma har zuwa 40 cm. Ganyayyaki suna da duhu mai launi, launin fadi da fadi, tare da gashi a gefuna. Wani matashi Gemantus ya taso har zuwa 6 zanen gado.
Clorancin yana da yawa, ya ƙunshi babban adadin launin launi mai launin fata tare da ƙananan rawaya, da peduncle yayi takaice da gajeren. A 'ya'yan itatuwa ne ja, zagaye berries.
Dokokin kula da yanayi na girma a gida
Gemantus, kamar dukan houseplants, yana buƙatar kula da yanayin da ya dace. Game da wannan kara.
Zaɓi wuri
Yanayin mafi kyau ga tukunyar filaye shine windows zuwa gabas ko yamma. Kuna buƙatar saka akwati da "kunne" a wuri mai duhu, amma kauce wa hasken rana mai faɗi a kanta. Ya kamata ku kauce wa zane-zane, kuma idan ya cancanci pritenyat shuka.
Humidity da yawan zafin jiki
Hemanthus yana da kyakkyawar haƙuri mai iska. Babu matsala tare da shuka, koda kuwa yana kusa da maɓallin wuta.
Kodayake gemantus daga Afirka ne, yawan zazzabi mafi girma don bunkasa shine + 18 ... +22°C. Amma ko da wani lokacin zafi wanda ba ya wuce tsawon lokaci ba zai zama matsala ga gidan gida ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ya kamata a tsabtace ganye daga Hemantus daga lokaci daga turɓaya tare da soso mai tsami a cikin ruwa mai dumi.
Haskewa
Wadannan tsire-tsire suna ƙaunar rana, rashin isasshen isasshen wutar lantarki zai shafi rinjayensu. A lokaci guda kuma, dole ne a kiyaye hemantus daga hasken rana kai tsaye, wanda zai iya barin konewa a kan foliage. Ba a iya dawo da rana ba. Suna fara rasa launi mai haske, sannan su mutu.
Ƙasa da zaɓi na tukunyar tukunya
Don gemantusa, zaka iya sayan ƙasa na musamman wanda ya dace da tsire-tsire bulbous, amma kuma sauƙin shirya shi da hannuwanka: Mix 2 sassa na sod sodiya, 1 sashi yashi, peat da ganye ƙasa. Kafin a dasa shuki ya kamata a hade da cakuda ƙasa sannan a shayar da shi.
Ganye gemanthus wajibi ne a cikin tukunya mai zurfi da mai zurfi, inda dole akwai ramukan ramuka. Dogaye mai dacewa na akwati don dasa shuki a diamita ya kamata 2-3 cm ya fi girma fiye da diamita na kwan fitila. Kayan abu na iya zama wani: zaka iya amfani da yumbu, yumbu ko filastik filastik.
Watering da taki
Tsarin ya haifar da mummunar ruwa zuwa ruwa, kuma rashin rashin ruwa yana haifar da wilting daga cikin ganyayyaki. Ana shayar da ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsabta a yawan zafin jiki a kai a kai, amma adadin ruwa ya zama matsakaici: ruwa ya kamata a shayar da shi a lokacin da ƙasa ta raye a kalla 2 cm.
Ciyar da shuka:
- taki don bulbous;
- sararin duniya;
- Organic dressings.
Ana amfani da takin mai magani sau ɗaya kowace mako uku. Ya kamata a watsar da gyaran hawan gwal daga lokacin girma na peduncle har sai sun isa tsayi na 10 cm, sannan kuma bayan flowering kafin a fara bazara.
Transplant da pruning
Dole kunne ya buƙaci dashi a kowace shekara. Ana iya canja hanyar zuwa wata shekara, idan tushen bai isa ya isa ba, kuma akwai ƙasa mai yawa a cikin akwati.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba'a ba da shawarar yin aikin dasawa na hemantus mai launin fari ba - sau ɗaya sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3.
Sauya mafi alhẽri a ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris. Ga tsarin yin amfani da tukunya mai fadi da mai kyau Layer na malalewa. Kamar yadda aka dasa, sun yi amfani da kwakwalwan da aka shirya a haɗe-haɗe, ko gauraye da kansu don dasawa.
Dole ne a yi gyare-gyaren a hankali don kada ya lalata kwan fitila da asalinsu. Dole ne a cika rumfar a ƙasa don 2/3, wani sashi na ya kamata ya kasance a saman. Babu buƙatar pruning hemantus, kawai kana buƙatar cire dried ganye da kuma flower stalks da suka rasa.
Ta yaya Gemantus haihuwa?
Ana haifar da haifar da fararen flowering hemantus da cuttings, tsaba ko tare da taimakon 'ya'yan kwararan fitila. Yi la'akari da kowane hanyoyin cikin ƙarin daki-daki.
Tare da taimakon 'yan kwararan fitila
Hanyar mafi sauki shine ana amfani dashi lokacin da aka dasa shukin shuka. 
Don haifuwa ta yin amfani da kwararan fitila da ake bukata:
- Cire gemantus iyaye daga akwati tare da alamar.
- Yi hankali rarrabe ƙananan kwararan fitila.
- Shuka kwararan fitila a cikin kwantena mutum tare da ƙasa.
- Kafin a cire shuka ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga haske mai haske.
Tare da wannan hanyar haifuwa, flowering za a iya sa ran shekaru 3-4 bayan dasa.
Cuttings na Leaf
Tattaunawa ta hanyar cuttings ya fi wuya.
Don haka kuna buƙatar:
- Raba ɗaya daga cikin zane-zane daga iyaye hemantus.
- Bi da maƙallan tare da murmushi da aka kunna ko gawayi don yada cututtuka.
- Bar takardar don rana daya don ta bushe.
- Don dasa wata takarda a cikin musaccen abinci daga nau'ikan sassan peat da yashi da kuma rufe shi da fim din polyethylene.
- Bayan stalk yayi siffar albasa kuma an kafe shi, a dasa shi a cikin tukunya tare da kasar da take bukata don dasa shuki.
Gemantus bayan haifuwa ta hanyar cuttings blooms a cikin shekaru 3-4.
Karanta yadda za a kula da itacen kuɗi kuma yada shi.
Tsaba
Tattaunawa tare da taimakon tsaba shine lokacin cinyewa.
Fasaha:
- Bayan samun gemantas ta 'ya'yan itatuwa, tattara tsaba daga gare ta.
- Bayan tattara tsaba, ana bi da su: an wanke su cikin ruwa kuma sun bushe don kwanaki 2-3.
- Yi kwantena tare da cakuda daidai sassa na peat, finely yankakken haushi da kogin yashi.
- Shuka tsaba a cikin cakuda zuwa zurfin 3-4 mm.
- Sanya kwantena a cikin ɗakin shaded da kuma rufe tare da tsare.
- Yayyafa ƙasa a lokaci-lokaci.
- Yi tsammanin shuka, wanda zai dauki watanni 2-3.
- Don shuka da girma harbe.
A lokacin da kiwo tsaba gemantus iya Bloom bayan shekaru 5-7.
Sauran lokaci da fasalin fasalin
Fure yana da fure, yanayin lokacin hutawa bai kasance ba. Saboda rageccen haske da zafi a dakin lokacin da suke girma cikin gida, yana da lokacin hutawa, wanda ya kasance daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu. A wannan lokacin an bada shawara don rage watering kuma ba takin fure.
Gemantus blooms a ƙarshen rani - farkon kaka, wannan lokacin yana 2-3 watanni. A lokacin flowering, an yad da shi da ruwan dumi kuma shayar sau daya kowace rana 3-6. Tare da saki pollen yana nuna alamar wari mai ban sha'awa. Ginin yana da gurbatacce, wanda ya haifar da ovary na zagaye na berries, diamita wanda shine kusan 2 cm.
Matsaloli na iya ciwo da namo
Lokacin da girma "ƙwaƙwalwar ƙare" matsaloli na iya tashi dangane da cututtuka da kwari.
Shin kuna sani? Gemantus yana wadatar dakin da oxygen da ozone, kuma yana taimakawa wajen daidaitawa matsalolin mazaunan mazauna.
Cututtuka
Gemantin fararen fata shine maganin cutar, amma zai iya haifar da irin wannan cututtuka:
- Gishiri mai laushi. Alamar farko ita ce, inji yana da ƙananan launin ruwan kasa da launin toka mai launin launin fata. Gudun sauti suna karuwa kuma suna zama launin toka mai launin toka, launi sun bushe, kuma furanni na iya zama ba a nan ba. Jiyya: an kwantar da tsire-tsire nan da nan kuma an bi da shi tare da fungicide. Ya kamata a cire rawaya da kuma ɓangaren wilted na gemantus, aiwatar da yanke tare da carbon carbon aiki.
- Anthracnose. Kwayar cututtuka: ɓoye duhu a kan launi na launi da kuma duhu "ƙugiyoyi" a gefuna. Idan iska ta bushe sosai, ƙwayoyin suna fitowa a kan sassan da suka shafi jikin. Ba tare da magani ba, furen zai iya mutuwa gaba daya. Jiyya: cire waxannan cututtukan ganye da kuma aiwatar da "Fundazole."
Bugu da kari, mai sayad da furanni zai iya haɗu da:
- rashin flowering - na iya zama saboda rashin ruwa ko kuma yawan zafin jiki a cikin gidan a cikin hunturu;
- bulb rotting - saboda yawan ruwa a lokacin ban ruwa;
- launin toka a kan ganye - saboda wuya watering;
- yellowing ganye - haske da yawa.
Jarabawa
Jarabawa da yawa sukan shafar farin ciki mai sauƙi:
- Shchitovka. Insects daga cikin iyalin haɗari. Tare da shan kashi na tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire an rufe shi da ƙwayar launin ruwan kasa mai launin fata, bayan furen ta bushe. An cire matakan daga cikin garkuwa; ba shi yiwuwa a cire kwari daga inflorescences. Don kubutawa, an shuka shi da "Aktellik" ko "Karbofos".
- Amaryllis tsutsa. Kwayar fata wadda ta zaba gwanin albasa a matsayin wurin zama. Alamar shan kashi na flower shine lag a cikin girma da kuma faduwa da launin rawaya. Dole ne a gudanar da magani tare da kwari kuma hana kan-wetting na ƙasa. Idan ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire yana shawo kan cutar, ba za'a iya ajiye shi ba.
- Gizo-gizo mite Yana ciyarwa a kan abun ciki na tantanin halitta. Zaka iya lura da bayyanarsa a gaban kananan kushoren fararen farar fata a kan farantin launi da kuma shafin yanar gizo na gizo wanda ke sa kayan shuka. Dole ne a cire kwari ta hanyar inji kuma ku bi da shuka tare da kwari.
Haihuwar Gemantus farin furanni - Afirka ta Kudu, amma ya lashe lambar tausayi na yawan masu shuka furanni a waje. Ta bin umarnin da umarnin game da kula da fure, zaka iya girma da kyau na gida.
