Suna so su ba su baranda, ɗakin rani ko ƙwararrun fure-fure mai tsananin haske da yawa, masu girma da yawa sun fita don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, waɗanda suka fadi da kyau daga gwangwani. Duk da haka, ban da petunias, fuchsias, geraniums, viols da vervains, waɗanda suka kasance al'ada da kuma sanannun yankinmu, a yau za ku iya saya irin abubuwan da ke da ban sha'awa irin wannan furanni. Misali mai kyau shine bacopa, wanda za'a tattauna a cikin wannan bita.
Bayanan Botanical da aikace-aikace na fure
Bacopa, wanda aka fi sani da ita a Turai a matsayin mai laushi, shine sunan kowa don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na iyalin Nornichnik, wanda ya hada da, bisa ga kafofin daban-daban, daga saba'in zuwa ɗari.
Shin kuna sani? Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a cikin dangin Bacop akwai 'yan wakilai masu yawa a cikin ruwa - hydrophytes, kawai asalinsu a cikin ruwa, da hydatophytes, cikakke sosai a cikinta. Wasu daga cikin wadannan jinsuna suna amfani dashi kamar yadda tsire-tsire na kifin aquarium.
Yankuna masu tasowa da ƙananan wurare na Afirka, Australia, Asia da Amurka suna gida don tsire-tsire.
Ga mafi yawan nau'in bacopa, wadannan siffofi na siffofi sune halayyar:
| Mai tushe | Mafi yawa, na bakin ciki, creeping ko creeping, mai girma fadada tare da kama wani sarari yankin. Tsawon tsami na iya zama daga 10 zuwa 70 cm. |
| Bar | Ƙananan, lanceolate, a matsayin na yau da kullum ko ƙuntatawa a ɓangaren sama na naval, wani lokaci ana yin aiki a gefuna. An shirya nau'i-nau'i ko a madadin. Launi ne mai haske mai haske ko zaitun. |
| Inflorescences | Single, axillary. |
| Flowers | Ƙananan ƙananan (har zuwa 20 mm), masu yawa, a cikin nau'i na tubule ko kararrawa tare da furanni biyar. Ya kasance tare da dukan tsawon tsayi. Launi yana fari, ruwan hoda, ja, blue, blue ko purple. |
| 'Ya'yan itacen | Boll lebur siffar. |
| Tushen tushen | Girma, nau'in fibrous. |
Ana amfani da wasu bacopa iri iri a matsayin tsire-tsire magani, da kuma a cikin cosmetology. Amma mafi sau da yawa amfani da wannan fure yana da iyakance ga dalilai na ado - baza kawai a girma a cikin tukwane da tukunya ba, amma zai iya yin ado da bakin teku ko na halitta, kamar yadda aka dasa a kan flowerbeds ko tsalle-tsalle a matsayin mai yaduwa.
Nasarar amfani da bacopa a cikin zane-zane yana da tsawon lokacin da ake yawan furanni, wanda za'a iya kiyayewa a duk tsawon lokacin zafi - yana farawa ne a farkon Mayu kuma ya ƙare bayan farkon sanyi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Babban ƙarfin flowering Bacopa ya dace daidai da shekarun shuka: tare da kowace shekara ta rayuwa yawan furanni a kan mai tushe yana raguwa a hankali. Saboda wannan dalili, ko da yake kullun yana da shekaru da yawa, yana da kyau a sake dasa shi a kowace shekara.Bacopa da aka shigo da ƙasashen gabas ta Yamma ba da daɗewa ba, kuma har yanzu bai zama sananne ba, amma shahararren shuke-shuken kayan ado yana karuwa daga shekara zuwa shekara.
Yadda za a shuka daga iri
Kamar sauran gadaje na furanni, mai safarar ba ya tsiro da kyau a lokacin da aka dasa shi a cikin ƙasa, don haka ya fi kyau shuka shi ta hanyar shuka. Wannan tsari bai gabatar da wasu matsaloli ba idan kun san dokoki da wasu asiri. 
Lokacin da shuka seedlings
Suter seedlings suna kafa na tsawon lokaci, don haka shuka aikin iya farawa a cikin watan Fabarairu - farkon Maris. Duk da haka, injin mai haske yana tasowa sosai lokacin da rana ba ta da isa: mai tushe ya shimfiɗa, ya zama mai rauni da rauni, kuma bayan dasa shuki a bude ƙasa, waɗannan tsirrai ba sa samar da tsalle-tsalle masu tsada ba har dogon lokaci kuma ba su da hanzari zuwa furanni.
Don magance wannan matsala, yana yiwuwa don samar da seedlings tare da tsarin haske na wucin gadi, amma idan babu irin wannan yiwuwar, yana da kyau a jira da shuka har zuwa karshen Maris - farkon Afrilu. A wannan yanayin, harbe zasu bayyana daga bisani, amma da sauri sun zama cikakkun '' 'yan'uwa' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 'mummunan' '.
Shin kuna sani? Bacopa ganye suna da yawa a cikin girman zuwa ɗan littafin Ingilishi (wani suna don tsabar kudin din dinari ne). Saboda wannan dalili, a Birtaniya, ana kiran wannan injin din din din Indiya ne, kuma aka ba shi girma a kusa da ruwa, an kira shi ruguwa ko ruwa.
Ƙarfi
Bacopa za a iya girma a kowace akwati dace da seedlings. Wasu lambu don wannan dalili suna amfani da kwalaye filastik ko kwalaye tare da ƙananan tarnaƙi, wasu sun fi so su shuka tsaba a cikin kofuna guda, sa'annan suna gwadawa. Gana dacewa kuma su ne magunguna na musamman don seedlings, a cikin kewayon da aka gabatar a cikin shaguna ko kasuwanni.
Har ila yau, akwai ra'ayi cewa hanya mafi sauki don tabbatar da ruwan inganci mafi kyau ga ƙwayoyin masu girma na masu tasowa shine idan an shuka seedlings a cikin kwantena da aka yi da miki - filastik ko gilashi. Duk da haka, a gaba ɗaya, za'a iya cewa babu buƙataccen buƙata don zaɓar abubuwan kwantena don shuka Bacopa tsaba, yana da mahimmanci a zabi ƙwayar ƙasa mai dacewa da tabbatar da harbe tare da yanayin haske mafi kyau, zazzabi da zafi.
Ƙasa
Domin yayi girma na bacopa, wajibi ne a shirya nau'i nau'i guda biyu - ruwan gona da kanta da tafkin ruwa, wanda dole ne a sanya shi a kasa na tanki don hana damuwa da ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Claydite, wanda aka saba amfani da shi don wannan dalili, yana da matukar dacewa a wannan yanayin, tun da zai zama da wuya a kawar da shi lokacin da aka dasa shi cikin ƙasa. A mafi kyau duka magudi kayan ne m kogin yashi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan kun sanya bakin ciki na bakin ciki (1-2 cm) a kan kasan akwatin ko kofin don seedlings, kuna samun magudi mai ban mamaki, wanda, a Bugu da ƙari, zai samar da ƙananan yara tare da ƙarin ƙwayar cuta kuma, wanda mahimmanci ne, zai wadata ƙasa da potassium da take bukata ga kowane shuka.A ƙasa Mix for girma seedlings na suture ya zama haske da kuma sako-sako da, da kyau danshi permeability da tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan acid dauki. Yana da mahimmanci cewa kasar gona ta zama mai arziki a cikin humus da duk kayan abinci.
Shirya abun da ke dacewa ta hanyar haɗuwa da wadannan abubuwa:
- ganye ƙasa - 1 part;
- Peat - 1 sashi;
- yashi - 1 sashi;
- humus - 2 sassa.
Kafin dasa shuki tsaba, dole ne a kwashe ruwan magani. Ana iya yin hakan a hanyoyi uku:
- Zafi a cikin tanda a + 70 ° C na 1.5-2 hours.
- Yi tsayayya da rana a cikin sanyi ba kasa da -10 ° C, to, ku kawo shi a rana a cikin zafin rana da kuma kawo shi zuwa sanyi (kwayoyin cuta da larvae da ke warkewa bayan an cigaba da yin sanyi mai sanyi kuma ba zai iya tsira ba a sanyaya).
- Liberally zuba ruwan zãfi ko rauni bayani na potassium permanganate.
Tsarin shirye
Yin aiki tare tare da tsaba kai tsaye ya dogara da mahimman bayanai. Gaskiyar ita ce, suter tsaba suna da ƙananan, don haka su, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba a sayar dashi ba, amma a cikin nau'i na musamman da aka shirya da kuma damuwa, kowannensu ya ƙunshi daga tsaba 5 zuwa 7, sau da yawa tare da launuka daban-daban. A wannan yanayin, ba budewa ko yin irin wadannan "capsules" ba dole ne, sun riga sun shirya sosai don shuka.
Amfani da wannan nau'i na nau'in kayan shuka yana da cewa daga kowane ɓangaren dutse ko damuwa tare da kulawa mai kyau yana bunkasa yanayi da yawa na shuka, wanda aka bishe shi a wuri mai dindindin ba tare da wani juyi ba, kuma yana girma, ya zama cikin "marmaro" mai haske.
Duk da haka, idan ana girma da tsire-tsire daga tsirar da aka tattara tsaba, dole ne a shirya su don dasa shuki don inganta germination.
Yana da muhimmanci! Bacopa tsaba suna ci gaba da yaduwar su har shekara uku, saboda haka dole ne a riƙa rubuta kwanan lokacin tattara su, kuma idan sun sayi tsaba a cikin kantin sayar da kayayyaki, ka tabbata su kula da bayanan game da iyakar lokacin amfani.Hanyar gargajiya ta hanyar tsaftace jiki tana da minti ashirin da minti daya cikin tsaba a cikin wani bayani mai rauni na potassium permanganate. Zaka kuma iya amfani da aloe diluted tare da ruwa ko wani disinfectant halitta.
Hanyar ingantacciyar inganta ƙwayawar tsaba da karfafa ƙarfin ƙwayar matasan tsire-tsire ita ce hanya mai mahimmanci. Don saturate da tsaba tare da oxygen, zaka iya yin amfani da mai amfani da dutsen kifin aquarium, wanda aka sanya a cikin akwati da ruwa da tsaba da aka sanya a cikinta.
Yana da amfani, ko da yake ba wajibi ba, ya kuma bi da nauyin iri tare da ci gaba da ci gaba (Kornevin, Heteroauxin, Appin, Pure Leaf, sodium ko potassium humate, da dai sauransu).
Shuka tsaba
An shuka tsaba a Bacopa ba tare da sakawa cikin ƙasa ba. Gilashin da aka cika da shirye-shiryen ya kamata a zuba su da yawa, bari ruwa yayi dan kadan, to, "ku sayar da ƙasa" tare da shirye-shiryen da aka dasa kuma idan ya cancanci danna su a kasa (hanyar da ta fi dacewa don yin hakan shine don yayyafa ruwa daga raguwa mai nisa).
Tun da tsaba daga cikin jinsin suna da ƙananan, kuma girman yawan amfanin su ba su da girma sosai, ana iya zuba su a saman ƙasa sosai, ba tare da damuwa game da riƙe da nisa tsakanin samfurin mutum ba.
Yanayin Germination
Nan da nan bayan kwanciya, dole ne a rufe tsaba na bacopa tare da fim ko gilashi don haifar da tasirin gine-gine da kuma sanya shi a wuri mai kyau don shuka. Mafi yawan iska a cikin wannan mataki shine + 20 ... + 23 ° C.
Shin kuna sani? Watakila mafi shahararren irin bakopa shine Monnier, wanda aka fi sani da Brahmi. Wannan tsire-tsire yana da wuri mai daraja a Ayurveda, tsohuwar tsarin likitancin Indiya, inda aka dauke shi kyakkyawar kyakkyawar yanayin kwakwalwa wanda zai iya inganta ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, ƙarfafa tsarin jinƙai kuma ya tsabtace shi daga dukan ƙazanta.
Tsaba don amfanin gona yana buƙatar matsanancin zafi, amma bazai shayar da su ba kafin shuka, wannan zai iya sa tsaba suyi zurfi a cikin ƙasa, wanda zai sa ya fi wahala ga germ don isa filin. Fim din zai hana ƙasa daga bushewa, amma duk da haka dole ne a cire shi lokaci-lokaci don tabbatar da yanayin iska. Idan ya cancanta, za a iya kwantar da fuskarsa sosai a yayin da aka yayyafa shi da bindigar.
Tsarin abinci
Tare da isasshen haske da high zafin jiki, da farko bacopa sprouts yawanci bayyana 10-15 days bayan shuka. Da zarar wannan ya faru, yarinya ya kamata ya fara shirya zama ba tare da tsari ba: ba za a cire fim ba daga kwandon nan da nan, amma a hankali ya karu da tsawon lokacin samun iska. Bayan an cire kayan rufewa, bushewa daga ƙasa ya zama mawuyacin hatsari ga seedlings, amma baza a yarda dashi ba. Har sai da tsire-tsire balagagge ba, ana yin watering da wani pipette ko sirinji mai yuwuwa ba tare da allurar ba.
Wani muhimmin mataki a cikin namo na seedlings - dauka (dashi seedlings a cikin manyan kwantena). Idan ana yin safara, an yi shi sau biyu, kuma a cikin waɗannan lokuta ba a raye bishiyoyi ba, amma kawai an tura su tare da yarinya mai laushi zuwa wani sabon tukunya.
Sharuɗɗan dokoki don ɗaukar Bacopas:
| Farko na farko | Abu na biyu | |
| Lokaci | Bayyanar gaskiyar gaskiya | Makonni biyu kafin sauka a ƙasa |
| Fasaha | M motsi na seedlings gutsutsure (raga) a cikin yarda da makirci 2 × 2 cm | Gyara katako tare da zurfafawa a ɗayan ɗakin |
| Air zazzabi don namo bayan daukana | + 22 ... + 26 ° C | + 15 + + 23 ° C da rana + 13 ... + 15 ° C da dare |
Yawan rage yawan zafin jiki na iska bayan an ɗauka na biyu a hankali. Wannan wajibi ne don ya daɗa girma da kuma shirya shi don zuwa dashi a cikin ƙasa.
Canji a wuri mai bude
Kyakkyawan girma Bacopa seedlings yana da muhimmiyar buƙata don samun littafi mai laushi masu kyau kuma amma tsari na motsi da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire zuwa wuri na dindindin bai zama mahimmanci a wannan batun ba.
Lokaci
Za a iya dasa Bacopa a cikin ƙasa a kowane lokaci, yana da mahimmanci cewa seedlings suna shan wuya na farko da ƙasa a kan shafin yana dumi sosai. Yana da kyawawa cewa a rana rana yawan zafin jiki na iska zai kasance a matakin da ba kasa da + 15 ° C. 
Ya kamata a tuna cewa ko da yake mai suturta zai iya jure wararren gishiri ba tare da hasara ba, irin wannan damuwa zai iya faruwa ne kawai daga tsirrai mai shuka, zai iya rushe seedlings, saboda haka dare ya kamata yanayin zafi kada ya fada a kasa + 15 ° C ta hanyar dasa shuki tsire-tsire don buɗe ƙasa . Idan mukayi magana game da kwanakin kalandar, to, dangane da yankin da yanayi mai canji, lokaci mai kyau zuwa ƙasa zai iya bambanta daga tsakiyar watan Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar watan Mayu.
Zaɓi wuri
Bacopa yana da wuya a kan danshi da haske. Nisin mafi kyau ya dace da shuka, ko da wani haske mai yalwata ƙasa bazai tsoma baki tare da mai kyau magina. Idan shafin yana da tafkin kansa, dole ne a sanya wani wuri a kusa da kusa. Dole ne a kiyaye kullun daga hasken rana kai tsaye da kuma gusts na iska, amma ya kamata a tuna cewa wannan shuka ba ta da kyau a cikin inuwa.
Abun da ke cikin ƙasa na bacopa ba shine mawuyacin gaske ba, amma ya kara tsanantawa akan ƙasa mai talauci mara kyau fiye da ƙasa mai kyau da humus da sauran kwayoyin halittu.
Tsarin
Shirye-shiryen dasa shuki na Bacopa yana dogara ne da nau'ikan iri-iri - mafi girma kuma ya fi girma, mafi girma shine nisa tsakanin seedlings dole ne a kiyaye. Har ila yau, wani rawar da aka tsara shi ne ta wurin abin da ke cikin ƙasa, wanda aka tsara shi don shigar da murfin ƙasa: a wasu lokuta, mai dacewa yana cikin ɓangaren zane. Bisa ga ma'auni na sama, ana iya dasa tsire-tsire a nesa daga 10 zuwa 30 cm daga juna. 
Yana da wuya a yi girma bakopu daga tsaba, kuma baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Bayan cike da ɗan lokaci da ƙoƙari a cikin bazara, sa'an nan kuma ba da kyauta kyauta ga tunaninka, tare da taimakon wannan shuka za ka iya ƙirƙirar abubuwa masu ban mamaki ko kwakwalwa waɗanda za su juya wani wuri mai budewa a cikin wani wuri mai jin sanyi wanda ke kewaye da haske amma a lokaci guda musamman furanni masu kyau.
