Cherry ita ce daya daga cikin itatuwan da suka fi dacewa a cikin gidajenmu. Kyawawan furanni suna ban sha'awa a cikin bazara, kuma dadi mai kyau a cikin lokacin bazara. Duk da haka, don yayi girma a cikin hunturu mai sanyi ba sauki ba ne. Abin farin ciki, shayarwa sun samo nau'o'in iri daban-daban da suka jure hunturu sanyi. Wadannan nau'o'in sun hada da ceri "Dessert Morozova". Daga wannan labarin za ku koyi game da siffofin daji da kuma manyan halaye na iri-iri.
Kiwo
Yawan iri-iri "Dessert Morozova" wani matashi ne na matasan, tun lokacin da ya kasance a cikin 1997 sai ya shiga cikin Jihar Register na Rasha. A wannan shekarar an yarda shi ya yi noma a yankin tsakiyar bakin teku.
Wannan matasan an halicce shi ne da mai tsara makiyaya T. V. Morozova a Cibiyar Nazarin Rukuni na Rukuni na Yamma da Rasha. Michurin. Bisa ga bayanin da Cibiyoyin Nazarin Kimiyyar Kimiyya ta All-Union, a cikin nau'in shuka na Vladimirskaya iri-iri da aka yi amfani dashi, wanda aka bi da su a tsarin germination tare da aziridine, sinadaran mutagen.
A cikin Jihar Register of the Russian Federation, "Dessert Morozova" an kira shi daga zuriyar "Griot Ostheims" No. 2. Da iri-iri ne obliged da sunan zuwa ga Breeder Morozova. Ta gudanar da hada hada danniya da tsayayya na al'ada zuwa sanyi mai sanyi, musamman ga ragowar rukuni na Rasha na tsakiyar yankin. 
Ka san kanka da halaye da fasaha na aikin gona don samar da irin waɗannan nau'o'in cherries kamar "Saduwa", "Turgenevka", "Putinka", "Shpanka", "Vladimirskaya", "Zhukovsky", "Precious Carmine", "Ashkinkaya", "Ashinskaya", " Mayak, Kharitonovskaya, Mayak, Morozovka.
Bayani da halaye
Wannan matasan ya lashe juyayi da yawa daga cikin lambu saboda rashin lafiyarta, kyakkyawan dandano da farkon kakarta. Bari mu dubi ainihin halayensa.
Wood
Cherry "Dessert Morozova" - wani itace maras kyau (kimanin 3 m), tare da kambi mai launi. Haushi a kan ƙananan ɓangaren gangar jikin da manyan kusoshi yana da launin ruwan kasa mai haske, a kan ƙananan rassan shi launin toka ne. Babban harbe suna da adadi kaɗan na lenticles. 
Sai kawai ƙananan ƙwayoyi suna haifar da ƙwaya, dangane da wannan pruning na itace shi wajibi ne don biyan hankali na musamman. A lokacin bazara, ƙananan bishiyoyi suna nunawa a kan igiya, wanda aka karkatar da su daga tushe.
Suna da sauƙi mai juyayi da kuma matte surface tare da launi mai haske. A buds na wannan matasan ba su da pubescence, kamar sauran shuke-shuke. Ganyayyaki suna da yawa, suna kama da kwatancen zuwa kwai. Su surface yana da santsi, da stalk yana da matsakaita tsawo da kauri.
A tushe na leaf da kuma a kan rike akwai 1-2 veins na jan yada. Kwancen da ke cikin "Dessert Morozova" suna da gajere kuma sun fadi a farkon wuri. Tsarin suna shimfiɗa a kan kambi a ko'ina, amma ba haka ba ne. A ganye na wannan matasan suna da maras ban sha'awa koren launi na haske tabarau.
Lokacin da itacen ya fara furanni, an rufe shi da manyan furanni da yawa waɗanda ke fitar da ƙanshi mai dadi. An tattara su a cikin ƙananan hanyoyi kuma suna da siffofi na siffar zagaye, kuma tsirrai na dan kadan a sama da stamens. Flowers bayyana quite farkon, kamar yadda iri-iri nasa ne da farkon flowering. 
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
Bayan flowering, an kafa Berry a kan pedicel. 'Ya'yan itãcen "Dessert Morozova" mai girma da m, mai haske ja. Idan muka dubi ceri a cikin haske, za ka iya ganin ɗigon ƙananan cututtuka. Jiki yana da m, ja a launi da kuma sassaucin rubutu. Gwanin dutse, matsakaiciyar girman.
Shin kuna sani? Cherry itace tushen arziki na coumarin (wani abu da ke shafar samfurin jini kuma ya inganta jini). Saboda wannan dalili, Berry zai zama da amfani ga waɗanda ke fama da matsaloli tare da rigar jini ko daga cututtuka daban-daban na zuciya da jini.
Matsakaicin nauyin Berry shine 4.6-5 g. Yana da matsananciyar bakin ciki a kusa da tushe da kuma suture a ciki. Tsarin na matsakaici ne na matsakaici, kuma takarda mai laushi yana kan iyaka tsakanin shi da 'ya'yan itace. 
Berries na "Morozova Dessert" iri-iri suna da dandano mai dadi wanda ya fi kama da dandano mai dadi ceri. Sun ƙunshi fiye da 12% na sugars, da kuma dandanawa na matasan dandana shi ne 4.6 daga 5 maki.
Wasu fasali na iri-iri
"Abincin zaki na Morozova" ba ya bambanta da sauran nau'o'in, amma har yanzu namansa yana da nasarorin kansa.
Winter hardiness da kuma cutar juriya
Wannan matasan na da al'adun sanyi. Ya yarda da hankali a cikin digo mai zafi zuwa -40 ° C, wanda ya ba shi damar girma a cikin tsakiyar zamanan ƙasarmu. Duk da haka, ba ya jure yanayin yanayin bushe.
Muna ba da shawara cewa kayi sanadin kanka tare da hanyoyin magance cututtuka da kwari na cherries.
Wannan iri-iri yana da tsayayya da cututtuka. Bisa ga Cibiyar Nazarin Rubuce-Rincen Rubuce-rubucen {asar Rasha, a lokacin da aka bincika zaman lafiyar wani samfurori na coccomycosis, ya nuna matakan tsaro. 
Don rigakafin wannan cututtukan, zubar da gishiri (cakuda ash, gishiri da wanke wanke a cikin rabo daga 6: 1: 1 a cikin ruwa 10 na ruwa), wanda aka yi amfani dashi a farkon spring, spraying aidin (ml 10 a guga daya na ruwa), magani manganese bayani (5 g manganese zuwa 1 guga na ruwa).
Ana amfani da shi tare da iodine da manganese sau uku. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da magani na iodine kafin budding tare da wani lokaci na kwana 3, da kuma manganese - kafin flowering, bayan kuma a lokacin girbi na berries.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan wannan itace Kada ku yi fashi dacewa, sai ganyayyaki sun fadi kuma rassan sun zama danda.
Mawallafa
Wannan iri-iri yana da dukiya na gurfanar da kanta, amma a lokaci guda, yawancin itacen ba ya wuce 20% na yawan adadin ovaries. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa mafi kyawun hanyar pollination shine tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. 
Mafi kyau iri na wannan ne cherries "Student", "Vladimirskaya", "Griot Rossoshansky" ko "Griot Ostgeymsky".
Lokacin bazara da yawan amfanin ƙasa
A cikin shekara ta uku ko na huɗu na rayuwa, itacen zai fara bada 'ya'ya. Berries fara ripen a cikin ashirin na Yuni. Cherries kai 'ya'ya a kowace shekara, yayin da 35-40-40 kg na berries za a iya girbe daga daya itace. Lokacin da girma a yanayin masana'antu tare da 1 hectare, yana yiwuwa a tattara kusan 60 centers.
Transportability
Wannan iri-iri ne tartsatsi saboda kyau transportability. Abin da ya sa aka saba amfani da matasan don sayarwa a yankuna daban daban na kasar, har ma mafi nisa. 
Jagora
Godiya ga kyakkyawan halaye mai kyau, nau'in kayan zane iri iri na Morozova ya fadi da ƙauna tare da masu kwaskwarima da zaki mai dadi. Ana amfani dashi akai don yin jams da kuma kiyayewa. Kuma yarinya da yara masu jin dadi suna cin cikakke kuma suna da amfani da kayan juyayi, saboda wannan ceri yana da ƙananan acidity.
Muna ba da shawara ka karanta game da yadda ake yin giya, compote, tincture, ceri jam, da yadda za a bushe da kuma daskare cherries.
Yanayin girma
Don ciyawa mai noma, cherries bukatar kasancewa a daidai wuri. Saboda haka, shafin yanar gizo na asibiti ya kare daga iska da takarda mafi kyawun saukowa. Kyau - kusa da kudancin kowane gini.
Lokacin zabar wani wuri na namo, wajibi ne a tuna cewa zurfin ruwan karkashin kasa bai zama kasa da mita 1.5 ba. In ba haka ba, tushen tsarin ya lalata kuma shuka ya fara mutuwa. 
Cherry "Dessert Morozova" ya fi son ƙasa mai tsaka tsaki, wanda ya ƙunshi subglinka (wani yumbu da yashi), yashi ko yashi mai yashi.
Dokokin shimfiɗa
Game da lokacin saukowa na wannan matasan, akwai ra'ayoyin biyu. Wasu lambu sun gaskata cewa ceri za a iya dasa a cikin fall. A wannan yanayin, a cikin bazara ɗin an riga an kafa seedling da zai inganta mafi kyau. Wasu - cewa ya fi kyau shuka shuki a cikin ƙasa bayan da ruwan dusar ƙanƙara ya narke.
Zai kasance da amfani a gare ka ka karanta game da yadda za ka shuka wani ceri a cikin fall.
Wannan zai kare shuka daga lalacewar rassan bazara wanda ba zai yiwu ba, wanda zai iya halakar da wani matashi mai banƙyama.
Ya kamata a ɗauka la'akari da wane nau'in seedling zai kasance a hannunka. An shuka mafi kyau bishiya da tsarin tushen tsarin da ba a tsare ba a cikin bazara, amma ga masu tsirrai, tsirrai ba ya da yawa. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Zai fi kyau a zabi sapling daga shekaru daga shekara zuwa shekara biyu. A wannan yanayin, yiwuwar samun haɓaka aikin haɓaka yana ƙaruwa.
Lokacin da dasa shuki, wajibi ne don ƙayyade yanki na 3x3, inda bishiyar za ta girma a tsakiyar. A wannan yanayin, ba za ta haɗu da itatuwan makwabta ba wajen ci gaba, kuma tushen tsarin zai iya ci gaba da yardar kaina.
Ana haƙa rami a tsakiyar wannan sashe, zurfinsa ya zama 40-60 cm da diamita na 50-60 cm Wasu lambu sun bada shawarar tono wani rami da diamita 80 cm, amma wannan diamita ba ta da kyau, tun da tushen tsarin da aka shuka ba haka ba.
Ƙasa, wanda aka cire a cikin aikin shirya, an haxa shi da ma'adinai da kuma humus. Ta wannan hanyar, matasa za su ci abinci da kuma samuwa mafi kyau. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da taki kai tsaye zuwa kasan fossa, misali, 2 tbsp. spoons na superphosphate. 
Duk da haka, a wannan yanayin, kafin dasa shuki iri, dole ne a zubar da ƙasa a kan takin mai magani don kada tushen su ƙone. Don tsayar da tushen mafi kyau, asalinsu zasu iya zama cikin ruwan dumi, zai bunkasa girma.
Tsayar da seedling a cikin rami, kana buƙatar daidaita da tushen da kuma rufe su da ƙasa. Tunda yayi noma da ƙasa, ana tsige tsutsa a kusa da matasan kananan yara a wani nesa, wadda za ta kiyaye shi ta hanyar shuka mai banza kuma ba zai dame shi da ci gaban ba.
Gano dalilin da ya sa kake bukatar fadar ƙasa.
A kusa da cherries yi rami rami, wanda aka zuba a cikin 'yan buckets na ruwa, da kuma rigar toho sosai ciyawa. A Layer na ciyawa zai riƙe danshi da kare tushen daga bushewa fita. Yin amfani da irin wannan layin yana da mahimmanci a cikin yankuna tare da yanayin busassun kuma rashin damar yin amfani da sapling akai-akai.
Video: dasa shuki cherries
Yana da muhimmanci! Kayan lambu masu kwarewa bayar da shawarar don mafi kyau rayuwa na cherries "Dessert Morozova" karbi kashi 80 cikin dari na launi a farkon shekarar bayan dasa.
Yadda za a kula
Cherry "Desert Morozova" ba sa bukatar kulawa ta musamman. Kula da ita da sauran nau'in.
Watering
Ana buƙatar ruwa kullum a lokacin tada bayan hunturu da lokacin budding, wanda aka yi sau hudu a wata, kuma mafi sau da yawa idan ya cancanta (dangane da yanayin damina).
Lokacin da itacen ya fara fure, an rage ruwan sha, kuma a cikin aiwatar da ripening berries, kasar gona yana moistened kamar yadda ta kafe. Lokacin da yawan ruwan inganci ya tarawa a cikin berries, kuma sun kasance da yawa ruwa, saboda haka su transportability deteriorates. 
Dole ne a yi amfani da ruwa a cikin safiya da / ko da maraice, tare da buɗa ɗaya na ruwa akan bishiya - to, ruwa zai ƙafe ƙasa.
Top dressing
Bayan dasa, an yi amfani da takin gargajiya ba a baya ba a cikin shekaru 2-3, amma ana amfani da takin mai magani na magunguna zuwa kowane yanki. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da takin mai magani a farkon lokacin bazara, kamar yadda suke ta da ci gaban cherries.
Ana amfani da Potash kafin flowering, amma kusa da fall shine mafi alhẽri don amfani da takin mai magani phosphate. Wajibi ne a biya bashin kula da bishiyoyi da potassium, kamar yadda rashin tsire-tsire ba su da 'ya'ya.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa wannan ƙasa mai arziki ba ta buƙatar ciyarwa da yawa, amma matalauta suna da shawarar da za a hadu a kowace shekara.
Video: ta yaya da kuma yadda za a takin itatuwa
Yana da muhimmanci! Da zarar a cikin shekaru 6, ana buƙatar alade mai suna Morozova Dessert tare da lemun tsami, wadda aka gabatar a cikin tushen, a cikin adadin 200-400 g.
Kula kula
Dole ne a tsage ƙasa a kusa da akwati. Wannan yana ba ka damar yin amfani da iska sosai, kuma danshi zai iya saurin shiga cikin asalinsu. Lokaci-lokaci, yankin stalk ya kamata a weeded, cire matasa harbe da weeds.
Pruning
Yana da mahimmanci a kula da hankali na musamman a kan pruning, saboda zai iya rinjayar yawan amfanin itacen. Cherry "Desert Morozova" an yanke shi a karo na farko bayan dasa bayanan, wanda ya ba ka damar samar da kambi, da kuma nan gaba - kowane bazara kafin a cire buds.
Muna ba da shawara ka fahimtar kanka da ka'idodin yankakke a spring da kaka.
Dole ne a yanke rassan a cikin tushe sosai don kada hemp ya samar. Harbe da aka tura zuwa ƙasa ko yada tare da shi dole ne a yanke gaba daya. Daidaitaccen launi na kambi yana taimakawa kare itacen daga ciwo da cututtuka.
Har ila yau, ana harbe kananan harbe, yana barin santsi da lafiya. Duk da haka, kada mutum ya shiga cikin wannan hanya ko dai, saboda wucewar pruning yana daukan makamashi mai yawa daga shuka kuma ya hana ci gabanta. Cherry, wanda ya kai shekaru uku, an iyakance shi a girma, pruning ta babba harbe.
Ana shirya don hunturu
Saboda matsayi mai yawa na juriya na sanyi, daɗin "Dessert Morozova" ba sa bukatar ƙarin tsari. Duk da haka, ba a kiyaye itacen daga rodents, sabili da haka an rufe gangar jikin ceri kuma an sanya shinge na waya.
Masana masu kwarewa a cikin lokacin hunturu suna jefa drifts a ƙarƙashin kambi na itace - wannan yana rage tasirin spring frosts a kan tushen tsarin.
Bidiyo: yadda za a shirya bishiyoyi masu kyau don hunturu
Ƙarfi da raunana
Abũbuwan amfãni ga abin da wannan matasan da aka yadu karɓa a tsakanin lambu:
- hunturu hardiness;
- farkon maturation;
- kyau dandano;
- high yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- ƙayyadewa na yau da kullum;
- kyau jure cututtuka da kwari;
- high rates of transportability.
Shin kuna sani? Shahararrun Sakataren Japan Sakura wani nau'i ne mai ban sha'awa, mai daraja ne kawai don ƙawanta.
Abokan amfani da nau'in "Dessert Morozova":
- in babu dace pruning, ganye fada;
- juriya ga coccomycosis na da matsakaicin.
Shin kuna sani? Ƙwararrun ƙwayoyi da masu ruwa ba su da mamaki. Duk da haka, a yankinmu, 'yan mutane sun san cewa a Belgium yana da kyau ... giya ceri. Don ana samar da kaya mai kyau a cikin lambic mai tsawo, da giya na gargajiya dangane da sha'ir da alkama."Dessert Morozova" wani nau'i ne wanda ya haɗo dandano mai dadi, yawan amfanin ƙasa da sanyi. Ana iya amfani dashi don girma a kan mãkirci, da kuma manufofin masana'antu, banda wannan, yana da kyau a cikin kulawa. Wannan irin ceri ba kawai zai kasance mai girma ado ga lambun ku, amma har mai cancanci baki a kowane tebur.
