A duniyar kokwamba, masu kirkirarsa sunyi godiya sosai game da abincin kayan lambu, da yiwuwar fahimtar su akan kasuwa, ciki har da kasuwancin kasuwa, da kariya daga cututtukan cututtuka na wadannan tsire-tsire.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa nau'in "Claudia-f1" yana da kyau a cikin shahararrun masu zama, masu lambu da manoma.
Bambancin bayanin
Kokwamban wannan nau'i na nau'ikan, wanda ya hada da a cikin kyawawan halittu, a cikin iyalin kabewa, yayi girma tare da bulala, tsawo da iko.
A matasan irin cucumbers hada da irin su "Spino", "Shosh", "Siberian garland", "Aquarius", "Emerald 'yan kunne", "Cedric".
Juicy kore ganye, tare da wrinkles. Tsire-tsire ne mai gurɓatawa. Mafi yawan nau'i na flowering shine mace (duk furanni ya zama 'ya'yan itatuwa, amma babu alamun samfurori don kome ba). Ovaries an dage farawa tufts. 
Abũbuwan da ke rarrabe "Claudia-f1" daga wasu nau'o'in:
- hybridization sa a barga cuta juriya;
- girma sosai a cikin sararin sama da kuma a cikin greenhouse;
- da amfanin gona yana da tsayin daka mai tsawo kuma yana tafiya kullum;
- gwangwani ta kowane fasaha, taimakawa da girman ƙananan 'ya'yan itace.
An gano mawuyacin halin rashin lafiya, amma har yanzu:
- Kokwamba a cikin bishiyoyi zasu iya samun konewa daga hasken rana mai tsawo zuwa rana mai haske;
- a kan tushen cutar rashin lafiya, "Claudia-f1" har yanzu ba zai iya tsayayya da kai hare-hare na powdery mildew da wasu siffofin mosaic ba.
Shin kuna sani? Gabatarwa da sunan wannan nau'i na alamar f1 yana nufin cewa muna magana game da nau'in samfurori, wanda ke nufin wani shuka tare da ingantattun abubuwa. Wannan iri-iri ne in mun gwada da matashi - sakamakon aikin da ake yi na masu shayarwa a shekarar 1999, an gane shi ne a 1999, lokacin da wannan matasan ya sami wurinsa a cikin rukunin jihar Rasha.
Hanyoyin 'ya'yan itace da yawan amfanin ƙasa
Tsawon tsayi (10-12 cm), ba ma tukunya-bellied (diamita har zuwa 3.5 cm) da kuma matsakaicin nauyi (matsakaicin matsakaicin - daga 80 zuwa 90 g) ƙwayar 'ya'yan itace mai duhu da aka rufe da tubercles a kan tsabta.
Abu ne mai kyau a ci wani kokwamba Claudia-f1 da aka sare: haske mai haske, ƙanshi mai dadi, dandana ɓangaren litattafan almara ba tare da haushi ba.
Girbi zai fara da makonni shida bayan fitowar seedlings, wato, iri-iri shine tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire.
Guaranteed tarin 10 kilogiram na cucumbers da murabba'in mita na lambu kayan lambu a bude filin da sau biyu daga yawan amfanin ƙasa daga gadaje a cikin greenhouse yanayi: wannan zai gamsar da mafi m lambu. 
Zabi na seedlings
Wadanda ba su so su damu da kansu da girma da kansu seedlings ya kamata ziyarci kasuwa ko kantin sayar da - kasuwa kasuwa ko fitarwa ya zama na musamman dalilai.
A takaice, kana bukatar ka kula da:
- lambar da launi na ganye - har zuwa 4 cikakku da duhu kore;
- tsawo na harbe - har zuwa 15 cm;
- rashin faduwa akan ƙananan launi.
Irin wannan zaɓi ya isa ga lambu mai gwadawa, tun da sauran yanayinsa sun rigaya a kan bayanin kula.
Ya kamata a fara koyar da masu farawa a cikin dalla-dalla:
1. Domin namo a yanayi daban-daban kana buƙatar saya da seedlings na shekaru daban-daban:
- mafi tsufa ga mai tsanani greenhouses;
- tsakiyar shekaru - don greenhouses, ba kawota tare da dumama;
- ƙananan - domin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.
2. Yi hankali ga akwati inda ake sayar da seedlings: wajibi ne su kasance m. Bugu da ƙari, tare da kara yawan shekarun shuka ya kamata ya karu kuma ƙarar tanki wanda yake dauke da shi. A ƙarshe, dole ne a tuna cewa a lokacin dasa shuki za ka iya kasancewa ba tare da wani ɓangare na tushen tsarin ba, idan harbe sun riga sun shiga cikin kwanon rufi daga rami mai kwalliya.
3. A cikin yanayin sayen kyawawan seedlings, da mayar da hankali akan tushen - dole ne su kasance marasa kuskure.
4. A kan tsirrai da kansu, a gaban duk wani lambun kwari, ƙwayoyin su, ko ma burbushi bazai halatta ba, wanda zai iya zama, musamman, babu wanda ya san inda zazzaɓi ko thickenings (thinning) ya fito daga.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kar ka manta don duba ganyayyaki da ke ƙasa. - Wannan shi ne inda magunguna na cutar gida sau da yawa.
5. Kokwamba "Claudia-f1" cucumbers ba sa son wucewar nitrogen - yin amfani da seedlings daga masu aiwatar da wannan abu don ci gaba mai girma za a tabbatar da shi ta hanyar karkatar da ganye da ke da launi mai haske mai haske.
6. Kada ka dauki seedling, wanda mai tushe ya yi yawa elongated, da kuma ganye su ne ƙarami kuma suna da bayyanar kodadde - lalle ne ya kasance a cikin ɓangare na tsarin mulki norms, kuma ku, risking yin wannan saye, kada ku jira don girbi mai kyau.
7. Tabbatar cewa ƙwayoyin da kake son dasawa a cikin ƙasa a ƙasa sun fara aiki na farko - saboda sakamakon da basu samu ƙarin carbohydrates ba kuma tsarin ingantaccen tsarin, cucumbers ba zasu iya tsayayya da canjin yanayi da wasu matsaloli ba. Sakamakon shi ne rage yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Kasar gona da taki
Ƙasa don dasa shuki cucumbers "Claudia-f1" ya kamata ya zama tsaka-tsakin acid, cikakke, amma ba tare da abun ciki mai muhimmanci na nitrogen ba. 
Ƙaƙashin ƙasa mai laushi ya ba da shawarar ƙaddamar (tare da lemun tsami, lakaɗa, da itace, da dai sauransu). Ana buƙatar farawa.
Ana samar da albarkatun kasa a matakai biyu:
- A cikin kaka, bayan digging (zuwa zurfin 15 cm) na kayan lambu mai girbi daga amfanin gona, ƙara manya (5 kg), ash (gilashin) da kuma superphosphate (a tablespoon) zuwa kowace mita mita na gado na kokwamba na gaba, da kuma saman tare da jan karfe sulphate, narke a tablespoon a lalata ruwa.
- A cikin bazara, da ƙaddara cewa saukowa zai faru a cikin mako daya, sake amfani da taki (ko humus) - 2.5 kilogiram da gilashin ash (kowace mita mita), da kuma kirki wannan lokaci 10 cm zurfi fiye da a fall.
Babu buƙatar ɗaukar gadaje inda dangin dangin kabeji suka girma kafin: zucchini, watermelons, melons, pumpkins da kansu, wasu nau'in kokwamba da sauran tsire-tsire masu kama da juna, wanda akwai nau'in nau'in 900 a fadin duniya, haɗin cikin 130. 
Shin kuna sani? Mutum ya fara noma iri iri iri da suka wuce. Gudun ruwa, musamman, an haɗa su a cikin menu na d ¯ a Masarawa. Amma cucumbers a kan teburin ga wani mutum lokacin da tsohon Helenawa da Romawa da aka dauke tare da su.
Amma, bayan sun maye gurbin dankali, kabeji, wake (da sauran legumes) tare da cucumbers a kan gonar lambu, ba za ku ji tsoro na yiwuwar rage yawan amfanin ƙasa ba.
Yanayin girma
Ƙwarewar ta nuna cewa waɗannan kayan lambu suna iya zama a cikin kowane yanayi, a cikin dalili. Amma zai zama mafi alhẽri a sanya gadaje a gare su inda za a sami yawancin hasken rana ba tare da hasken rana ba, daga bisan wajibi ne a kare shi daga hasken rana mai tsawo zuwa hasken hasken rana (a lokacin lokutan zafi).
A warming na kasar gona a lokacin dasa ya kamata a cikin kewayon + 12-15 ° C. 
Halin zafi na yanayi ba ya taka rawar da muhimmanci, sai dai in ba haka ba, ba kullum kashi 100 ko zero ba.
Girma daga zuriyar zuwa seedlings a gida
Wadanda basu amince da sayan seedlings ba, ba sa so su kashe kuɗin kuɗi, suna so su sami kwarewa ta kansu ko amfani da abin da aka samo a baya, muna bayar da shawarar (tuna) yadda tsarin gidan ya bunkasa.
Zai zama da amfani a gare ka ka koyon yadda za ka shuka kokwamba seedlings daidai, lokacin da za ka dasa cucumbers a kan bishiyoyi, da kuma yadda zaka shuka cucumbers daidai a cikin greenhouse.
Tsarin shirye
Na farko, kana bukatar ka koyi cewa don amfanin gona mai girma wanda ake bukata don amfani da kayan shuka na zamani, wanda shine shekaru 2 da 3 - "Claudia" daga irin wadannan tsaba zaiyi girma tare da yawancin ovaries.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don amfani da tsaba guda guda, suna buƙatar adana su kafin dasa shuki tare da ƙarawa, har zuwa + 25-35°C, zafin jiki, da kuma sa'o'i uku kafin wannan hanya - dumi a cikin tanda a 50° zafin jiki
Komawa zuwa mafi kyawun mafi kyau, muna lura da kuma a nan bushewa da zafi don adana kayan da aka nannade cikin takarda ko zane.
Ana iya amfani da tsaba ta hanyar amfani da tabbaci - mun rage su a cikin gishiri (50 g / lita) na uku na sa'a guda, bayan haka muka zaɓa kawai waɗanda suka kasance a kasa na tanki kuma wanke su da ruwa.
Wannan cutarwa ta biyo baya.
Yana da sauki kuma akwai a cikin nau'i uku:
- Maganin ruwa na Manganese (10 g / lita) - an dasa tsaba a ciki tsawon minti 20, kuma bayan an yi wanka.
- Daily soaking na dasa kayan a cikin streptomycin bayani (50 raka'a / ml na ruwa).
- Half-hour soaking a tafarnuwa bayani, tace ta hanyar cheesecloth (1 albasa / 0.8 l na ruwa).
Anyi aiki na gaba don saurin aiwatar da samfurori na tsaba - abincin su na yau da kullum a cikin lita na wani bayani na ruwa na sulphate da nitrophosphate (diluted tare da teaspoon na kowane shiri a cikin ruwan zafi).
A ƙarshe, zaku iya samuwa na farko na ƙwayar tsaba don kara yawan ƙwaya.
A girke-girke shi ne:
- Kayan kowace rana a cikin wani bayani na musamman da ya kasance a cikin sauye-sauye guda uku: ko dai 20 g na acidic acid, ko 2 g na zinc sulphate, ko 5 g na soda na burodi - ta lita na ruwa.
- Bayanin yau da kullum, bayan da ake yin haka, inda zazzabi mai kyau ya kasance daga 20 zuwa 25 ° C - yayin da kayan da kanta ya kamata a cika a cikin zane mai tsummoki, kuma a saman - a cikin jakar filastik.
Sakamakon wannan hanya zai zama fitowar daga nauyin kumbura na ƙarshen ƙananan asalinsu. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ku yi ta kari tare da tsawon lokaci - in ba haka ba tushen zai shimfiɗa sosai kuma zai iya karya a lokacin dasa.
Tsayawa, wuri, dasa shuki da shuka da kuma kulawa iri
A watan Afrilu, ya kamata ka shirya wajan da ake bukata na kofuna goma sha biyu. Kafin dasa shuki, suna cike da cakuda ƙasa (sawdust, humus da peat a cikin wani rabo na 1: 2: 1), wanda aka sanya additives - ash da nitrophoska (daidai da 2 da 1.5 tablespoons da kilogiram na kilogiram na ƙasa).
Ya kamata a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a cikin + 25 ° C.
Bayan da tsaba sun kasance a cikin akwati da aka dafa a zurfin 2 cm, suna buƙatar a yayyafa su, kuma ana amfani da kofuna waɗanda aka rufe da filastik, wanda zai buƙatar cirewa yayin da harbe ya bayyana. 
Ƙara yawan watering na seedlings ana gudanar da kowane kwana biyar tare da bayani na nitrophoska (teaspoon da lita na ruwa) - farkon wannan tsari shi ne bayyanar sautin na uku a tsirrai.
Tsarin 5, tare da mai tsawon mita 20 mai tsayi, ya zama alamar cewa lokaci ya zo ya canza wuri don bude ƙasa.
Transplanting seedlings zuwa ƙasa
Sakamakon wadannan ayyukan, farawa a ƙarshen May - farkon Yuni, kama da wannan:
- An yi kyaura bisa ga makirci 35 x 50 cm, inda lambar farko ta kasance nisa tsakanin ramukan, kuma na biyu shine tsakanin layuka.
- Ko da kafin seedlings, ana rike da rijiyar da rabi lita na manganese (0.5 g / 10 l).
- Bayan ajiye bishiyoyi a cikin rijiyoyin, an cika su don haka gwiwar nukiliya ta kasance a bude.
- Sa'an nan kuma bi na biyu watering tare da wannan adadin bayani.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tushen cucumbers, musamman a cikin tsire-tsire, suna da banƙyama. - yi hankali.
Agrotechnics girma tsaba a bude ƙasa
Duk abin da bambancin iri iri na tsirrai kokwamba (greenhouse ko lambun kayan lambu) ka zaba, hanyar cigaban fasaha daidai yake a gare su.
Yanayin waje
Ganye (greenhouse) ya fi amfani ga lambu a cikin wani abu - don haka, ana iya ninka yawan amfanin ƙasa. Amma a cikin wannan ma'anar, akwai yanayi na daban - farashin kula da greenhouses ya wuce abin da ya dace da aka ciyar a gonar bude.
Game da mataki na farko na aiki a fagen fili, zaɓin wuri shine saboda buƙatar haske na ganyayyaki na kokwamba - yana da muhimmanci don kauce wa kasancewar tsarin da greenery kusa da su, yana ba da babban inuwa. 
Hanyar dasa tsaba a ƙasa
Kwanan lokaci don dasa shuki tsaba yazo a farkon watan Yuni (ƙarshen watan Mayu), lokacin da gonar lambu ya warke sosai (yanayin zafi mafi kyau shine ° C digiri).
Dole ne kuyi haka:
- Perforate da gadaje a zurfin 5 cm.
- Zuba sama da digiri mai zurfi zuwa 40 tare da ruwa.
- Shirya tsaba a nau'i-nau'i a cikin 15 cm kuma yayyafa da ƙasa.
Wani zaɓi (nested) yayi kama da wannan:
- An yi babban gado (25 cm) da mota (har zuwa mita).
- Shuka da tsaba a kanta an yi a layuka guda biyu, nesa tsakanin abin da aka kiyaye a kimanin 15 cm.
Watering
Idan yanayin yana da kyau, wato, yana kawo kowace rana zafi da damshi, to, watering ba lallai ba ne. Kulawa a hankali a cikin lokacin zafi ga itatuwan kokwamba zai ba ka damar kama lokacin lokacin da akwai buƙatar watering - ganye fara wither.
A watering kanta an yi tare da watering iya - wannan hanya ba ka damar ɗaukar wani yanki fadi da kuma ba ƙasa kasar gona kusa da tushen.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ruwa a kan ganyayyaki ne musamman maras so. - Drink ruwan tabarau na iya sa kunar rana a jiki.
Terms of watering da wadannan:
- a cikin zafi - kullum;
- idan babu rana - mako-mako.
Ruwa yana gudana - 3 lita da daji. 
Ƙasa mai tsawa da weeding
Tsarin tushen yana buƙatar iska - za su sami adadin kuɗi a sakamakon yaduwar ƙasa na mako-mako. Bai kamata a bari ya bushe zuwa matakin kafawar ɓawon burodi - ya zama dole don sassauta bayan watering ko, idan za ta yiwu, bayan hazo, to, ƙasa mai dadi yana da tsawo, ba ta da sauri ba.
Kar ka manta da fili na tsakiya - aiki tare da takalmin a can kuma, yana maida hankali akan kimanin centimetimita 10.
Ya kamata a manta da tsire-tsire ba tare da ci gaba da girbi ba.
Masking
Masking tare da cucumbers ba m. Dangane da "Claudia-f1" an yi shi tare da manufar ba ta barin gefen harbe ya fi rabin mita a tsawon, kuma matakai daga gare su - 15 cm (tare da tsawon mita na babban bulala). 
Hanyar da kanta yana bukatar daidaito - idan yatsunsu ba su saba da ita ba, zai fi kyau amfani da almakashi.
Garra bel
Tsawon tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire iri iri (ko da yake masu sana'ar aikin gona a wannan yanayin suna magana akan matsakaicin laƙaƙa) ya kamata a yi amfani da takalma (sai dai wanda aka riga aka ambata a matsayin hanyar yin daji).
Muhimmancin wannan aiki shi ne ya hana, a farkon farko, lalacewar tashar, wadda take ɗaukar kwarewa daga shuka, kuma na biyu, fadowa daga ovaries, wanda ba'a kiyaye shi a kan tsayi mai tsawo.
Garter yana aiki ne a hanyoyi guda biyu - a kwance da tsaye, da kuma haɗin haɗin haɗuwa biyu. 
Ba tare da shiga cikin cikakkun bayanai ba, za mu mayar da hankalinka ga sassaucin tsaye, tun da yake yana da haɗari sosai dangane da yiwuwar lalacewa ga shuka kuma ya ba shi da iyakar hasken - karshen, kamar yadda aka rigaya ya gani, don "Claudia-f1" yana da muhimmancin gaske.
Top dressing
Shuka cucumbers a cikin nau'i biyu - tushen da foliar.
Na farko shine don kakar 'ya'yan itace, an yi shi sau uku tare da ragowar kwanaki 10.
Kowane daji ya karbi duk lokacin da rabi da rabi na cakuda, aka lissafta a kan ruwa ta kowace hanya:
- a cikin akwati na farko - a tablespoon na nitrophoska da kilogram na taki;
- a na biyu - uku da daya tablespoons, bi da bi, na ash da urea, kazalika da teaspoon na sodium humate;
- a cikin na uku - a tablespoon na agrofoski.
Ana bayar da riguna uku a cikin nau'i na biyu:
- an gudanar da shi tare da wani bayani mai mahimmanci na gishiri mai potassium, superphosphate da nitrate (8, 10 da 5 g / 10 l) - lita na daji a kowane lokacin girma;
- wasu biyu an yi tare da bayani na urea, superphosphate da potassium sulfate (1 teaspoon na kowace magani da lita 10 na ruwa) - 1.5 l / daji a ƙarshen na farko da na biyu na shekaru Yuni.
Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi
Ko da wannan, nasarar samun nasara tare da hare-haren kwari da ƙwayar cuta mai tsanani, irin shuka irin su "Claudia-f1" yana buƙatar kulawa, kare shi daga tasiri.
Hedge aphid da whitefly, wanda ke shafar tushen beyar da masarar kokwamba, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, ƙwayar cuta da kuma slug, zai iya cutar da plantings, da kuma lalacewar landings. 
Yi gargadi da hare-haren su kasance ta hanyar dubawa na yau da kullum game da girbi na gaba, dacewa da yanayin ƙasa da weeding, zurfin ruwa mai narkewa na gadaje.
Ya wajaba don magance kwari da suka riga ya bayyana tare da taimakon injunan sinadaran da aka samo a cikin kantin sayar da kaya da kayan aiki na tsire-tsire, tare da haifar da matsalolin da aka kawowa kwari daga kayan da ba su dace ba (yashi, katako, sutura, ƙuƙwalwa, da sauransu).
Daga cututtuka da aka ambata a sama, mosaic (fari da kore) da kuma powdery mildew sune barazana. Zai yiwu kuma fitowar tushen rot. Don yin rigakafi na karshen, an bada shawara cewa cucumbers kada su kasance spud kuma kawai a shayar da ruwa mai dumi.
Don matsalolin man fetur za su zama kiyaye ka'idodin ilimin agrotechnology da kuma sake cire kayan da aka shafa. Don yin rigakafin mosaic zai buƙaci kulawa da kyau, da yaki da aphids da kuma kaucewa daga shuke-shuke da suka kamu da cutar. 
Suna gwagwarmaya tare da wadannan cututtuka, banda ga bin ka'idojin namo, kuma tare da colloidal sulfur (a cikin yanayin powdery mildew), bayani mai juyayi tare da nauyin abun ciki maras nauyi (na mosaic), jan karfe sulphate, alli da ash (daga tushen rot).
Girbi da ajiya
Kullum ana yin girbi shine sau ɗaya kowace kwana uku, kodayake ƙananan jinkiri suna da karɓa. Lokacin da 'ya'yan itatuwa suka fara zuwa masse, ana bukatar rage wa lokaci zuwa kwana biyu, ko ma daya. Ƙarshen masu girbi na ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙwayarwa - babu wani girke-girke.
Don tsaftacewa da safe da maraice, ta yin amfani da wukake ko kaya. An dasa shukar amfanin gona nan da nan a cikin sanyi, ko kuma kawai an rufe shi daga sama (ba ta fim ba - zai haifar da tasirin samar da zafi mai mahimmanci).
Yana da muhimmanci! A kara ya kasance a kan kara, da kuma harbe da gashin-baki - cikakke.
Fresh cucumbers ba su tsayayya da dogon lokacin ajiya - wata daya a firiji an dauke su zama daidai lokacin, ko da yake akwai hanyoyi masu kyau don tsawanta shi - tare da taimakon raw kwai fari, grated ko yankakken horseradish. A wannan akwati, ana wanke cucumbers da farko sannan a bushe su.
Wankewa, ko kuma wajen, ya sa 'ya'yan itace a cikin ruwa, an yi shi domin ya shirya su don canning.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa da shawarwari
Fassara foliage, a matsayin matsala, shine halayyar ba kawai na Claudia-f1 ba, amma har ma wasu nau'in kokwamba.
Ana iya haifar da shi, da farko, ta rashin rashin ruwa, kunar rana a jiki, damuwa (yanayin yanayi na greenhouse, musamman, tsokana, da sauƙi mai sauƙi a cikin yanayi), unguwa mai girma ba daidai ba (tare da tumatir, alal misali), matsananciyar tsawo da ƙuntatawa gadaje, cin zarafi ga abubuwan da ake bukata don yin amfani da takin mai magani, a ƙarshe, cututtuka da aka ambata. 
Hakanan abubuwa suna tasiri ga fall of 'ya'yan itatuwa kokwamba. Wani muhimmin alama shine cewa wannan shi ne batun kananan cucumbers.
A kowane hali, babu bukatar yin tsoratar da hankali, ko da yaushe wata hanya ce daga cikin wannan yanayi, babban abu shi ne tabbatar da dalilin da ya faru.
"Claudia-f1" yana baka dama fiye da damuwa. Ba mu magance wannan nau'i-nau'i ba, muna ba da shawara ka yi ƙoƙari, kuma wa anda suka noma shi ana shawarar su ci gaba.
