Naman gishiri mai dadi sunyi godiya ga duk waɗanda suka bi ka'idodin abinci mai gina jiki. Wadannan namomin kaza suna da ƙananan kalori kuma sun ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa masu amfani.
Saboda haka, a yau za mu fada game da siffofi masu rarrabe, wane nau'in, inda suke girma da kuma yadda za a iya amfani da su.
Oyster Oak
Pleurotus dryinus
- Synonyms: busassun, juriya, itacen oak naman kaza.
- Edibility: a
- Duba. Kullin yana da kwayar halitta, mai kyau ko ladabi, mai laushi, 4-10 cm cikin girman. A cikin ƙwayoyin namomin kaza shi ne cream ko rawaya, an rufe shi da Sikeli, dan kadan. Yayin da yake girma, ya mike kuma har ma ya zama mai hankali. Yankunan gefe suna raguwa, ƙaddamar da ƙananan hanyoyi da kuma burbushin gado. Tsarin ne velvety, cylindrical, tare da bayyane bayyane na zobe. Kayan suna sau da yawa, suna zamewa da tushe kusan zuwa tushe. A cikin samfurin samfurori - farar fata, tare da shekaru - cream ko datti rawaya. Jiki yana da matsananciyar zuciya, karami, tare da ƙanshi mai dadi.
- A ina ake girma: a cikin yanayin yanayi ya girma a yankin Turai tare da yanayin yanayi da kuma Arewacin Amirka. Yana son bishiyoyi na bishiyoyi masu tsayi (itacen oak, elm).
- Lokacin tattarawa: rabin na Yuli da farkon Satumba.
- Aikace-aikacen: duniya. Kuna iya sata, tafasa, gishiri, soya, gwano, dafa da miya.
Shin kuna sani? Mawuyacin abu ne mai tsinkaye wanda zai iya kwantar da hankalin tsutsotsi daban-daban. Abin da ya sa yatsun kaza mai tsutsawa ba su yiwuwa ba su hadu.
Oyster lemun tsami
Pleurotus citrinopileatus An kira wannan oatmeal elm. A yanayi, an samo shi a Gabas ta Gabas, amma an kuma inganta shi a gida. Wannan jinsin ana kiransa da lemun tsami sabili da inuwa mai haske na inuwa daga jikin da jikin jiki, kuma an kira shi elm saboda yanayin da ya dace - an samo shi ne a kan elm (misali elm). Girma, poplar da birch itace ana amfani da su don girma gidan duniyar elm.
Za a iya shuka naman kaza a gida. Da saukin fasaha, yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma ƙwanƙwasa wadannan namomin kaza suna sanya su ga kowa.
- Synonyms: zinariya, yellow, ilmak.
- Edibility: a
- Duba. Daidaitaccen ma'auni na gefen tsabta shine 3-6 cm, amma akwai wasu samfurori da suka kai 10 cm. A cikin mikiya maras kyau, kullin yana da kyau, kuma ƙarshe ya zama mai zurfi. A cikin naman kaza, an samo shi cikin launin lemun tsami-launin rawaya, ya juya cikin siffar mai kunna, tare da fuska na gefen kuma yana ɗaukar nauyin nau'i. A cikin tsufa, hat ɗin ya ƙare kuma ya zama marar lahani. Gilashin sune na bakin ciki, m, rawaya, 3-4 cm fadi, da ƙasa a kan kafa. Jiki yana kama da wasu nau'in kawa: m, fari. Tsarin yana da zurfi (2-2.5 cm), 6-9 cm tsawo.Da samfurin samfurori an samo kusan a tsakiyar, a cikin samfurori samfurori yana da tsalle, mai launin launin ruwan.
- A ina ake girma: Ilmaks na girma a bunches ko intergrowths (10-80 hatsi kowace) a kan katako (a wasu lokatai bushe) Elm boles a cikin deciduous da gandun daji gandun daji a cikin Primorsky Territory. An samo su a bishiyoyi birch a arewacin gabashin Siberia.
- Lokacin tattarawa: daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba. Hakan ya fadi a kan damina.
- Aikace-aikacen: Gwaran lemun tsami ya dace da amfani da sabo, da kuma bushewa da kuma tarawa. A cikakke samfurori, kawai ana amfani da katako a matsayin abincin, domin kafafunsu suna da tsada.
Yana da muhimmanci! A wasu lokuta, wajibi ne don cire wani ɓangare na tafiya wanda ya zama mai kusa kusa da kafa.
Gudun ruwa mai yalwa
Pleurotus pulmonarius
- Synonyms: beech, whitish, spring.
- Edibility: a Ba shi da samfurori masu guba da ma'aurata.
- Duba. Tsuntsu na bakin ciki yana da girma - har zuwa 15 cm. Nauyin fan yana haske, kusan fari. A cikakke namomin kaza darkens kuma ya zama yellowish ko kodadde rawaya. Tsarin shi ne jiki. Ƙafa - mai karfi, fari, taqaitaccen. Gilashin ta zana kwance akan kafa. Kullin yana da fibrous, ruwa. Wannan jinsin ya bambanta ta hanyar mai daɗin ƙanshi.
- A ina ake girma: a yanayin shi yana faruwa a bangarori na bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi, da bishiyoyi, da lindens da kuma aspens a cikin wurin shakatawa da gonaki.
- Lokacin tattarawa: daga Yuli zuwa Satumba.
- Aikace-aikacen: kowane hanyar dafa abinci.
Daga cikin namomin kaza suna girma a kan bishiyoyi, zaku iya amfani da namomin kaza (inuwa ta shade), sulfur-yellow tinder, da kuma naman gandun daji na chaga na shahara ga wajan kayan warkarwa.
Royal Oyster (steppe)
Pleurotus eryngii
- Synonyms: steppe, naman gishiri mai tsatsotsi, tsalle.
- Edibility: a
- Duba. Cikin sararin sarauta yana da matsakaici (4-13 cm), mai laushi, hat hat hat. Girma, ya zama mai santsi, dan kadan, mai siffar sika. A cikin naman kaza marar yaduwa sai farin ko launin toka-ja. Yayinda yake tasowa, ya zama rawaya. Labaran suna da fadi, sako-sako da, a cikin ƙwayoyin namomin kaza suna fari, a cikin girma namomin kaza su ne cream, rawaya, fari da ruwan hoda. Jiki yana da ƙwaya ko launin rawaya, karamin jiki, jiki, lokacin da ya fara zama mai lalacewa. Da dandano ne haske naman kaza. Safa - ƙyamar, ƙananan (har zuwa 4 cm) da fadi (har zuwa 2 cm), m.
- A ina ake girma: ya bambanta da sauran, ba ya girma a kan bishiyoyi, amma yana son wurare masu tsayi-dutse ko yankuna masu tsaka-tsaki, makiyaya. Yana tsiro ne a kan ƙwayoyin ƙafafun kwanan nan ko wasu tsire-tsire na launi.
- Lokacin tattarawa: Satumba-Oktoba.
- Aikace-aikacen: Wannan jinsin yana dauke da mafi yawan abubuwan da ke ciki. Za a iya amfani da namomin kaza, za a yi amfani da su ko amfani da sabo. A cikin samfurori masu girma, kawai ana amfani da iyakoki.
Shin kuna sani? Ana kiran namomin kaza namomin kaza saboda dalilai, amma saboda sun bunkasa a cikin wani wuri na "rataye".
Oyster naman kaza
Pleurotus ostreatus
A yau shi ne mafi yawan abincin iri iri.
- Synonyms: kawa kawa naman kaza, dunƙule, naman kaza.
- Edibility: a
- Duba. Naman tsuntsu yana da hatimin jiki, babban (3-25 cm) hat, na waje mai kama da kawa, mai santsi a sama, wani lokaci yana da waƙa. Babban launi yana launin toka. Duk da haka, kullum suna launin ruwan kasa, launin toka da rawaya. Kafa - karami, amma sananne, daga gefen kara. Yana da inuwa mai haske, mai santsi, kusa da tushe yana da karfi da gudu. Jiki yana da m, m, m. A lokacin da tsofaffiyar tsofaffi ya kara karfi, akwai ƙwayoyi masu yawa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Wasu lokuta ƙafar na iya zama cikakku.
- A ina ake girma: yanayin yanayi yana da bishiyoyi (yafi willow, birch, aspen), wani lokacin gandun dajin coniferous. An rarraba kusan a ko'ina cikin ƙasar na tsohon USSR.
- Lokacin tattarawa: tsakiyar watan Satumba - ƙarshen Disamba. Idan yanayin yana da sanyi, yana iya bayyana a lokacin rani.
- Aikace-aikacen: yadu da ake amfani dashi a dafa abinci. Ya dace da frying, pickling, dawakai, canning, salting, bushewa, fermentation, daskarewa. A magani, an yi amfani da shi wajen maganin cututtuka na ciwon daji, tare da rediyo da chemotherapy.
Autumn kawa
Panellus serotinus
- Synonyms: Alder, Swine Willow (Panellus serotinus), Late Panelus.
- Edibility: a
- Duba. Wannan naman gwanin yana da gefe guda daya, mai tsayi, tsaka-tsaka a cikin siffar kunne, mita 10-12 cm har zuwa mita 6. A cikin namomin kaza maras nauyi shine launin toka ko launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, kuma a cikin tsofaffi shine launin toka. Jiki ne mai duhu, tare da taushi naman kaza da ƙanshi. A cikin lokacin ruwa akwai ruwa. Labaran cikin samfurori samfurori sune fari, sannan kuma sun zama launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. Ƙafa - dan kadan ne, gajeren, m.
- A ina ake girma: a kan ƙananan ruji da mai tushe na bishiyoyin bisidu: aspen, maple, alder, wind, da dai sauransu. Habitat - yankuna masu tasowa da yawa da kuma littattafai.
- Lokacin tattarawa: Agusta-Disamba.
- Aikace-aikacen: cinye burodi, tsirma, tsirma, dried, daskararre kuma dafa shi.
Ka koya kan kanka da fasaha na bushewa da kuma daskarewa namomin kaza, kazalika da karin bayani game da pickling da saling namomin kaza.
Oyster orange
Phyllotopsis nidulans
- Synonyms: ƙwayar hanyoyi masu linzami ko nesting.
- Edibility: kayan abinci mai mahimmanci.
- Duba. Orange m fluffy kawa fata, cap diamita - 7-8 cm Hat - haske, fentin da launuka masu launi. Naman yana da haushi, mai ruwa, fari ko zinariya, tare da dandano mailan. Tsarin yana ƙananan ko gaba daya ba ya nan.
- A ina ake girma: suna zaune a cikin gandun daji, bishiyoyi masu tasowa, bishiyoyi da aka fadi, ƙure birches, lindens, aspen.
- Lokacin tattarawa: Satumba-Nuwamba.
- Aikace-aikacen: yi amfani kawai da namomin kaza a cikin dafa abinci. Matattarar jarrabawar wuya ne, tare da ƙanshi marar kyau kamar kamaro mai banza.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne a yi amfani da namomin kaza a hankali. Bugu da ƙari ga mutum rashin haƙuri, suna haifar da jin dadi a ciki.
Oyster rufe
Pleurotus calyptratus An kira shi saboda fim din da ke rufe kayan ado na farko. Wannan yarinya ya tsage yayin da yake tsufa kuma ana iya ganin abincinsa tare da gefen gefen.
- Synonyms: guda
- Edibility: a'a
- Duba. Matasa matasa suna kama da koda. Yayinda tsire-tsiren nama ya tasowa, hat ɗin yana kama da mai bude fan tare da farfajiyar da ke fitowa da gefuna. Gidan yana da santsi, dan kadan, tare da takalmin rigar radia daga gangar jikin. Launi - launin launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa. Tare da rashin danshi ya zama launin toka. Yayinda ya tsufa, sai hat ɗin ya ƙare kuma ya zama fari. Gwangwani na Peduncle yana da wuyar ganewa. Kayanan suna rawaya-cream. Jiki yana da fari, m, a cikin dandano kamar raw dankalin turawa.
- A ina ake girma: a kan aspen da aka dasa bishiyoyi a cikin gandun daji na marasa asali na tsakiya da arewacin Turai.
- Lokacin tattarawa: Afrilu-Yuni.
- Aikace-aikacen: kusan inedible.
Shin kuna sani? Gishiri mai naman ya fara samo asali a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, saboda sun shiga cin abinci na soja.
Oyster Cone
Pleurotus cornucopiae
- Synonyms: yawan.
- Edibility: a
- Duba. Wadannan namomin kaza suna da nau'i mai laushi (mai shekaru masu tsayi) da fari ko launin rawaya, 3-13 cm cikin girman.Yawan ya fara balaga, ya yi duhu kuma yana da launin launin ruwan kasa. Ƙungiya - ƙaddara, gajeren, kawai 1 cm, a ƙafa - na bakin ciki. Launi - Milky ko Fawn. Fusoshin suna lalacewa, haske, an haɗa su daga lokaci zuwa lokaci kuma suna samar da sabon abu. Jiki yana da tausayi, jiki, tare da ƙanshi mai haske da dandano mai girma.
- A ina ake girma: zaba da tsalle-tsalle na Elm, itacen oak, Aspen, Birch, Maple, itatuwan Rowan. Wannan nau'in naman kaza ne na kowa a China, Primorsky Krai, Japan.
- Lokacin tattarawa: Mayu Satumba.
- Aikace-aikacen: Horned kawa za a iya Boiled, gasa, stewed da soyayyen. Don blanks (pickling ko pickling) ba dace. Yi amfani da ƙuƙwalwar kawai - ƙashin naman gwari yana da m.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ana daukar nau'ikan samfurori ne kawai don abinci, saboda darajar abincin jiki da dandano sun rasa tare da shekaru.
Oyster ya tashi
Pleurotus djamor
- Synonyms: flamingo.
- Edibility: a
- Duba. An tsara su ta hanyar intergrowths. Hatsuna - ruwan hoda mai haske, dan kadan. Yayinda suka tsufa, sun zama ɗaki, tayayye ko kayan aiki, tare da matakai masu fashewa, kuma launi ya ɓace. Diamita - 3-5 cm. Naman shine ruwan hoda mai haske, tare da dandano mai haske da ƙanshi. Ƙafar ƙananan ƙananan, mai tsawon mita 2. Tare da tafiya sai ya haɗa ta gefe. Labaran sun zama ruwan hoda mai haske, haske tare da lokaci.
- A ina ake girma: ana iya samuwa ne kawai a cikin Far East, a Primorye, ko kuma a cikin ƙasashen da ke ƙarƙashin yanayin sauyin yanayi a kan mai tushe na bishiyoyin bishiyoyi.
- Aikace-aikacen: dafa abinci, frying. Gwangwani ba su da kyau.
Ƙara koyo game da namomin ganyayyaki masu ganyayyaki masu ganyayyaki: cit, volnushka, grub, chanterelle, Mohovik, oilers, boletus, russula, boletus, camelina, shiitake, Dubovik, govorushka.
Kamar yadda kake gani, naman kaza shine ƙwayar naman na musamman wadda za'a iya girbe daga bazara zuwa hunturu. Daban iri iri ba dama ba kawai don amfani da su a dafa abinci ba, amma har ma ya yi amfani da maganin magani da zane-zane.
