Palma washingtonia: bayanin, nau'ikan, kulawar kulawa

Washingtonia ita ce shuka ta dangin Palm. Yankunan rarraba - kudu maso gabashin Amurka, yamma da Mexico. An karbe ta da sunan girmamawa ga shugaban na Amurka na farko.

Fasali da bayyanar Washington

Itace dabino yana da tsinken fure mai santsi wanda yakai tsawon m 1.5. A ƙarƙashin yanayi na dabi'a, ya girma zuwa mita 25. Petioles ba bare, yakai mita ɗaya da rabi a girma. Ganyayyaki ya ƙunshi sassan, wanda akwai zaren peculiar.

Washingtonia tayi girma a cikin zurfin ƙasa, lokacin da ta ƙaura zuwa tsakiyar Rasha, bazai iya tsira lokacin hunturu. Iska mai bushewa, ya fi sauki don dabino ya rayu da sanyi.

Lokacin da aka girma a gida, tsayin shuka ya fi ƙanƙanta, kimanin 1.5-3 m, amma har yanzu yana buƙatar sarari, iska mai kyau da kuma kyakkyawan haske. An bada shawara don shuka shuka a kan baranda, baranda ko cikin loggia.

Washingtonia bata dace da shimfidar wuri ba, saboda tana fama da rashin lafiya yayin da turɓaya, turba ko datti a cikin iska.

Daban-daban na wanke-wanke don haɓakar cikin gida

Abubuwa biyu ne kawai za'a iya girma a cikin daki:

1. Washingtonia tana nitiferous. Perennial shuka, kamar itacen, tare da furen ciyawa. A cikin yanayi, yana girma har zuwa 20 m ba ga tsawo. A cikin gidan har zuwa m 3. A saman akwati na bakin ciki mai gashi gashi bayyane. Launi - launin toka-kore. Furanni farare ne. Yana da tsayayya da ƙarancin yanayin zafi, a cikin hunturu yana da kwanciyar hankali a + 6 ... +15 ° C. A gida, wannan nau'in dabino ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai cin abinci, amma ana cin abinci mai ƙanshi a cikin shuka, kodayake ba a amfani da irin wannan tasa a zahiri.
2. Vashintony robusta. Itace mai kama da itace mai kama da itace wanda ke girma a cikin yanayi har zuwa m 30. A gida, a farkon shekara ya kai girman 50 cm, amma daga nan ya ci gaba da girma, wani lokacin har zuwa m 3. Kayan bakin ciki mai zurfi da elongated, wanda akan sami ƙananan fasaɗɗun tsutse. An bar filayen zuwa kashi na uku, masu fasali. Petioles elongated, m a gindi. Furanni suna da ruwan hoda mai haske. Rashin damuwa yana nufin zafi, sabili da haka, a zazzabi na +30 ° C, shuka nan da nan yana buƙatar girgiza. A cikin hunturu, tana jin daɗin ɗakin zazzabi (+ 21 ... +23 ° C).

Abubuwan da aka gabatar a Washington sun dace sosai da subtropics na Crimea da Arewacin Caucasus, inda waɗannan dabbobin dabino zasu iya girma a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa.

Kula da Gida na Washington

Lokacin kulawa da Washington a gida, ya kamata ku kula da lokutan shekara:

Dasawa, ƙasa

Lokacin da ya dace don dasawa daga watan Fabrairu zuwa Maris. Dole ne a sake dasa ciyawa a ƙarƙashin shekara 3 a kowace shekara. Adultsarin manya a kowace shekara 3-5.

Washington, wacce ta cika shekara 10 ba za a iya yin jigilar ba.

Don dasawa, kuna buƙatar shirya ƙasa daga abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 2: 1:

• ƙasar turf
• takarda ƙasa;
• humus ko peat;
• yashi.

Bayan an shirya ƙasa da sabon tukunya, ya kamata a cire tsire a hankali daga tsohon akwati kuma a cire sauran ƙasa daga tushen sa. Na gaba, sanya a cikin sabon akwati kuma cika shi da abin da aka riga aka shirya. Kar a manta game da matattarar magudanar ruwa, wanda ya kunshi pebbles, ya kamata ya mamaye kusan 1/3 na tukunya.

Lokacin dasawa, kuna buƙatar watsi da pruning, tun da dabino na Washington shuka ne na ornamental, bai yarda da wannan hanya ba. Kawai ganyayyaki masu narkewa kawai aka yarda a yanka.

Kiwo

Domin yaduwar wannan tsiron na cikin gida, amfani da tsaba:

1. Zai fi kyau fara fara shuka iri a farkon bazara, amma kafin wannan lokacin ya kamata a daidaita shi. Don wannan dalili, ta amfani da wuka mai kaifi, an yi ƙananan incisions akan tsaba, sannan an sanya su cikin rigar rigar kuma a sanya su cikin firiji don kwanaki 7-10. Bayan mako guda, suna tayar da haɓaka ta hanyar sanya su don sa'o'i 10-12 a cikin maganin Epin.
2. Bayan sun shirya ƙasa daga irin waɗannan abubuwan haɗin: ƙasa takardar, yashi mai kyau, peat (4: 1: 1).
3. An zuba man ɗinki a cikin kwantena da aka zaɓa, ana saka tsaba a ciki kuma an yayyafa su da ƙasa 1-2 cm tsayi. Ana shayar da ƙasa, kuma an rufe filayen da tsaba tare da fim. Ana buƙatar wannan don ƙirƙirar sakamako na greenhouse.

Bugu da ari, an shuka iska mai dacewa kuma ana shayar dasu. Farkon ɓoyayyen fure a cikin watanni biyu, bayan haka an jigilar kwantena tare da Washington zuwa wuri mai haske. Bayan bayyanar ganye 2-3, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane daban-daban. Yi wannan a hankali don kada ka cutar da tsarin dabino.

Cutar da kwari

A lokacin narkar da sabulun wanka a cikin dakin daki, ana iya cutar da shuka da cututtuka daban-daban kuma su sha wahala daga fuskantar wasu kwari masu cutarwa:

Tare da gwagwarmaya na lokaci tare da cututtuka da kwari, dabino zai yi farin ciki tare da kyakkyawar bayyanar shekaru.