Parthenocarpic kokwamba iri

Kokwamba "Makarantar F1": halaye da kuma namun tsire-tsire agrotechnology

Zaɓin iri-iri iri-iri na cucumbers, sau da yawa wuya a ƙayyade saboda shakka a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa, jure yanayin cutar, abubuwa masu dandano da halaye na dasa, namo, ajiya. A cikin wannan labarin za mu bincika dukan tambayoyi masu ban sha'awa game da Ekol F1 matsakaici-farkon kokwamba - daya daga cikin mafi kyawun sabon zaɓi. A lokaci guda ƙidaya wadata da kwarewa na iri-iri.

Tarihin kiwo

An ambaci kwakwalwan a cikin Littafi Mai-Tsarki. Amma saurin yanayi na zamani na varietal na zamani "Cibiyar F1" ta Syngenta Seeds (Syngenta Seeds B.V.), wani kamfani yana cikin zaɓi na iri. Ta ba da kasuwa tare da tsaba a yau. Na farko gwaje-gwaje na Ekol F1 sun kasance a cikin 2001. Kuma a 2007 da iri-iri da aka shigar a cikin rajista. Ana samo tsaba ta hanyar tsallaka "layin tsabta", wanda ke haifar da yawan amfanin ƙasa a kan tushen layin iyaye.

Shin kuna sani? A yanayi, akwai tsire-tsire mai suna "Mad cucumber": a lokacin da yake cikakke, shi "harbe" tsaba 6 mita a matsin lamba a cikin 'ya'yan itace.

Halin siffofi da rarrabewa

Bari mu dubi halaye na 'cucumbers' 'Ecole' kuma fara da cikakken bayani na iri-iri.

Duba waɗannan nau'in cucumbers: Libelae, Meringue, Spring, Hector f1, Emerald 'yan kunne, Crispina f1, Taganai, Paltchik, Gidan Gini, Kwallon.

Bushes

Gidan yana da matsakaici da tsayi. Karamin godiya ga gajeren lokaci. Yana da ƙananan karin harbe, ci gaba da babban tushe ba shi da iyaka. Ganyayyaki suna da duhu, tsaka-tsalle a cikin girman da ƙarami. Cikakke cikakke daga damuwa.

Yana da nau'i na mace na flowering, yana blooms tare da bouquets - shi dai itace da yawa 'ya'yan itatuwa a daya kumburi. "Ekol F1" yana nufin ƙungiyar parthenocarpic, kuma a cikin kalmomi masu mahimmanci - samfurori masu ruɓaɓɓen kansu na farko.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari

Tsawon cucumbers ya kai 4-10 cm, kuma taro ya kai 95 g. 'Ya'yan itatuwa suna da haske mai haske, tare da ratsan haske mai haske da ƙananan aibobi. Suna da siffar santsi mai kyau da kyau kuma suna da tsaka-tsalle masu tsaka-tsalle da launin fata masu yawa. Tsawon da nisa daga koren ciyawa ya dace da 3.2: 1.

Rindin yana bakin ciki. Jiki yana da kyawawa, m da m. A tsakiyar ba su da kullun, dandano yana da kyau: mai dadi, ba tare da haushi ba (siffar kwayoyin halitta).

Shin kuna sani? Kokwamba ya ƙunshi 95% ruwa. Kuma godiya ga adadin kuzari 150 da kilogram, kokwamba abu ne na abincin abincin.

Yawo

A cikin lambobi, yana daidai da akalla 12 ton a kowace 1 ha. Ko da za mu dauki sakamakon sakamakon 293 a kowace hectare, wannan ya riga ya kasance 72 centers a kowace hectare 1 fiye da girbi na Aist iri-iri, misali. Furotin yana faruwa a kwanaki 42-48. A cikin makonni biyu na farko na fruiting - uku samfurori na 'ya'yan itace. Girbi ba ta ƙare ba sai farkon Oktoba.

Ƙarfi da raunana

Kokwamba "Makarantar F1" - mai daraja mutun iri-iri. An yi amfani dashi a fadi da kewayon: don tayarwa, adana, yin amfani da shi. Mafi mahimmanci, yana nuna dandano a cikin nau'in salted da salted.

Gwani

Wannan kokwamba a kan dogara - duk cucumbers kokwamba:

  • Kuna iya tabbatar da kullin yawan amfanin ƙasa mai karfin gaske. Yana bayar da kowane nau'in kumburi da ake amfani da shi saboda tara ovaries ba tare da yin zabe ba.
  • Pickles da gherkins a cikin jam'i saboda nau'in fasalin irin abincin flowering.
  • Abincin "Ekol F1" shi ne kwarai.
  • Kasuwanci yana da kashi 75%, kuma ajiya yana da kyau mai kyau aboki ga inganci.
  • Ba za ta sha wahala daga cutar mosaic taba ba, ko foda mai fatalwa, tarar fata (kladosporioza), yana da isasshen maganin cutar.
  • Unpretentious lokacin da girma.
  • Sakamakon bambanci na iri-iri "Ekol F1": 'ya'yan itatuwa ba a sake ba lokacin fari, rashin ruwa, amma kada ku fada, kamar wasu nau'in.

Yana da muhimmanci! Mene ne F1? Alamar ta ce wadannan su ne tsaba na matasan farko. Wato, tare da yanki mafi ƙasƙanci, za ku sami iyakar 'ya'yan itatuwa. Amma tsaba da aka tattara zasu zama marasa dacewa don kai tsaye a shekara ta gaba.

Cons

  • Gyamin Spiny suna iya cin ganga kuma suna nuna dandano mai ban sha'awa lokacin da aka tsince su daga lokaci.
  • Hadawa a cikin raunuka tare da downy mildew (peronosporozom).
  • Tsaba ba su dace ba don dasa shuki a shekara mai zuwa idan an tattara su a gida.

Shuka cucumbers a cikin hanya maras kyau

Fruiting da girma daidai saba da bude ƙasa da greenhouses, greenhouses da mafaka tare da fim. Tun da iri-iri ba shi da kyau, za mu yi la'akari da hanyar gudu-stream.

Mafi kyau lokaci

Ƙarshen watan Mayu shine lokacin shuka tsaba don yanayin Ukraine. Duka da ake buƙata don warwatse ƙasa a zurfin 10 cm shine + 15 ... +16 ° C (in ba haka ba shuka zai ci gaba da sannu a hankali). Wani alamar ita ce lokacin da zafin rana zai kai + 22 ... +24 ° C, da kuma daren - 18 ° C zafi.

Zaɓi wuri

Matsakaicin launi da alamar ƙasa yana daidai daidai, ma Kariyar iska da kuma isasshen haske ana buƙata. Matsayin da aka dasa shuki na dankali, da albasarta, barkono, legumes, da kabeji da kyau.

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan kun kasance maƙalar hanyar hanyar rassadnogo na girma, ku tuna: karba shi ne maƙasudin tasirin cucumbers. Kowace shuka yana da "gida" ta. Ana ba da shawarar shuka a tsakiyar watan Afrilu, kuma wajibi ne a dasa a kasa bayan wata.

Tsarin shirye

Kayan shuka shekaru shekaru 2-3 kafin a yi amfani da shi, kuma zai kasance mafi inganci don amfani da wannan ci gaban stimulants ("Epin" da "Zircon" ko bayani na "Nitrofoski" da ruwa tare da ash - 1 tsp .: 1 lita: 1 tbsp. ). Idan tsaba basu kasa da shekaru 2 ba, suna da tsanani zuwa 60 ° C. Tsaba ya kamata a kwanta a cikin gasassun gashi ko a cikin akwati tare da bayani a zafin jiki na + 25 ... +30 ° C har sai faduwar faduwa na tsawon kwanaki.

Shirin shiri

Idan kuna shirin shirya cucumbers "Ecole F1" shekara mai zuwa, amma ƙasa ba ta dace ba - a lokacin rani shi ne lokaci don wadatar da ƙasa mai tsada da ƙasa mai laushi. Nan da nan kafin dasa shuki tsaba kana buƙatar tono sama, ƙara busassun taki ko takin.

Shuka tsaba: yanayin da zurfin

Lokacin da dasa shuki yana da muhimmanci a ruwa kai tsaye cikin rami ko lambun kafin tsaba ya bayyana a can. An shuka su a cikin gadaje zuwa zurfin 3 cm kuma nisa daga juna shine 15-17 cm Rows tsakanin layuka ya zama 60-65 cm Kuma ramukan sunyi daidai, ana iya saukar da kowanne zuwa zurfin 1.5-2 cm biyar tsaba daga juna.

Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin 'yan kwanakin farko yana da muhimmanci a rufe tsaba tare da fim idan zazzabi ya sauke da hankali a daren.

Abubuwan kulawa

Kodayake "Ecole F1" da tsayayya da matsanancin yanayi, kula da shi: ruwa, sako, sako, sassauta ƙasa, ciyarwa.

Kuma idan kana so ka tabbatar da yawan amfanin ƙasa, saboda sakamakon, ya kamata ka "ƙaddamar" 6 knots daga kasa a kan kowane tushe. Wannan yana nufin - cire ovary na sinuses. Asirin kuma yana taimakawa wajen ci gaba da tsarin tushen karfi.

Cickening da bushes ba dace da cututtuka da kuma, saboda haka, asarar gabatar da kayan lambu ko dukan daji. Kwana 10 bayan dasa shuki, rafuka da tsire-tsire zuwa nesa na 10 cm A lokacin da aka samu ganye, dole ne a maimaita hanya, ta bar 20-25 cm tsakanin bushes.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kwayoyin da ba dole ba, yana da muhimmanci a cire, ba janye daga ƙasa ba, amma tare da wuka. Tsaro zai kare tsarin tushen makwabta.

Watering

Yawancin ruwa don kokwamba shi ne wajibi ne saboda wuri na tushen tsarin a cikin saman ƙasa. Saboda rashin abinci, musamman ma a lokacin zafi, dandano da launi, da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa, na iya ciwo. Kafin flowering, ruwa ya kamata a shayar a kowace kwanaki 5, daga lokacin da ovary ya bayyana, kowace rana 3-4, da kuma a wasu lokuta, sau ɗaya kowace rana 2-3.

Ana bada shawara don shayar da tsire-tsire tare da ruwan zafi mai zafi zuwa +25 ° C kowace rana a rana a cikin ganga tare da ruwa a maraice ko da safe. Hanya mafi kyau don fesa (watering), don kada ya lalata tushen tsire-tsire. Ranar ruwan sha zai iya haifar da ƙonewa a kan ganye. A cikin ruwan sama, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya saukad da ƙasa, ya kamata a shayar da ruwa mai yawa, in ba haka ba, tsarin tushen zai ci gaba.

Ruwan ƙwaƙwalwa

Ya kamata farawa tare da bayyanar sabbin ganye guda uku a kan tushe da gaban bayyanar 'ya'yan itace. Kimanin 0.05% na miyagun ƙwayoyi "Quadris-250 / SC" ko 0.02% bayani na "Pharmiod" ana amfani da su don prophylaxis.

Top dressing

Kukwamba ke tsiro a saman, sabili da haka ba zai iya samar da cikakken adadin yawan abubuwan da aka gano ba. Taimako "Ekol F1", kuma zai samar muku da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Lokacin ciyarwa - 4 hours kafin watering. Bayan aikin, tabbatar da wanke taki daga ganye, saboda zai iya haifar da ƙonewa.

Lokacin da ganuwa biyu suka bayyana bayan saukarwa, za a iya shirya bayani: 10 l na ruwa + 10 g kowane ammonium nitrate, gishiri mai potassium, superphosphate. Bayan mako guda, sake ciyarwa, amma sau biyu yawan adadin shafawa. Kowane kwanaki 7 daga farkon fruiting, a warware 10 lita na ruwa da kuma 30 g potassium sulfate ya kamata a kara da cewa.

Prop

Ga nau'ikan "Ekol F1", abin da ya fi dacewa da namo mai kyau shine goyon baya don riƙe daji a tsaye. Wannan hanya ta ba da dama don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa saboda yawancin ƙananan bishiyoyi da kuma damar da za a iya guje wa yaduwar cutar (kusan kusan yana faruwa a lokacin da yake saduwa da ƙasa). Kulawa na kulawa yana ragewa a lokaci.

Don tallafawa yin amfani da wayar tarho, da igiya ko lattices na baƙin ƙarfe, itace. Cire dukkanin harbe da suka bunkasa 30 cm a kasa da goyon baya. Kada ku manta da lokacin lokacin da tsirer ke tsiro zuwa waya: to, yana da muhimmanci a kunsa shi sau biyu a cikin trellis, ƙananan shi kuma ya jawo girma girma, komawa 3 ganye.

Girbi da ajiyar amfanin gona

Sakamakon mafi kyau ga cucumbers "Ecole F1" lokacin da girbi - 5-7 cm (mutanen kore). Pickles sun kai tsawon mita biyar, da gherkins - ba fiye da 8 cm ba, amma ba kasa da 4 cm ba.

Dole ne a tattara cucumbers kowane kwana 2 da safe ko da maraice, lokaci daya cire yellowed harbe da kuma ganyayyaki. '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '. Kowace rana za a samar da yawan adadin tsumburai da kuma ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin girbi, kana buƙatar ka kasance da hankali sosai don kada ka lalata shuke-shuke! Zaka iya amfani da kaya ko wuka, barin bar a kan kara. Kuma don kula da hannuwanku, kuyi aiki da safofin hannu.
Kwana na farko ya bayyana makonni shida bayan dasa shuki tsaba a cikin ƙasa. Zaka iya ci gaba da girbi har sai Satumba-Oktoba. Idan kana son shuka kokwamba a wuri guda na gaba, tabbatar da cire duk 'ya'yan itatuwa da mai tushe daga gonar. Rayuwar rai na 'ya'yan' ya'yan itace - 'yan kwanaki (mafi kyaun zaɓi - 5) a wuri mai sanyi da duhu. A firiji - 7 days. Kuma a cikin wani kunshin tare da zane mai laushi, zaka iya da dukan kwanaki 10!

Tada amfani da rashin amfani da "Ekol F1" kuma zaɓi! Kwamitin ya zabar kokwamba ne daga Tiberius, Napoleon da Firatan Masar.