Kasuwa yana samar da yawancin nau'o'in eggplants, kuma daya daga cikin shahararrun yau shine matasan iri iri "Valentine F1".
A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku abin da wannan nau'ikan ke samo asali da kuma dalilin da yasa ya zama lambar zabin 1 ga dukan masu aikin lambu da masu aikin lambu.
Eggplant sa "Valentine F1"
"Valentine F1" - iri-iri iri-iri na farko, wanda yana da 'ya'ya a ranar 60th bayan shuka a ƙasa. Girma kuma ya bada yawan amfanin ƙasa a yanayi mai yawa da yanayin damuwa.
Daji ya kai tsawo na 85 cm, mai karfi, baya buƙatar ɗaure kuma yana da alaƙa ga cututtuka. 
Fruits har zuwa 25 cm tsawo, kuma har zuwa 6 cm fadi, cikakken baki-violet launi, tare da dandano mai dadi, yin la'akari 200-250 g. Launi mai launin fata ne halin rashin tsaba da kuma haushi a dandano.
Shin kuna sani? Kowane mutum ya saba da la'akari da eggplant a matsayin kayan 'ya'yan itace, amma ya juya cewa yana da Berry, kamar kankana.
Choice wuri da kuma magabata na al'ada
Wannan shuka ba shi da kyau, amma mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa zai ba, a kan wasu dokoki da ka'idojin dasa.
Haskewa
A cikin greenhouse, eggplants ji mafi alhẽri kuma samar da high yawan amfanin ƙasa. Amma mai daɗaɗɗen haske a cikin rana yana da kyau. A cikin inuwa ko m inuwa daga cikin bishiyoyi zai zama ƙananan, kuma girman 'ya'yan itace ya fi ƙanƙanta, idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun. 
Ƙasa
Lokacin da aka dasa shuki ganyayyaki don seedlings, mafi kyawun zaɓi shine saya ƙasa don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, amma adadin da ya biyo baya cikakke ne:
- 4 sassa na takin;
- 2 sassa peat;
- 1 part itace kwakwalwan kwamfuta;
- 0.5 part itace ash.
1. Domin kullun ko loamy:- takin - 1 guga;
- yashi - 1 guga;
- Peat -2 buckets;
- sawdust - 0.5 buckets.
- 3 buckets na yumbu ƙasa;
- 2 takin da peat buckets;
- 1 guga na sawdust.
- 1 guga na turf;
- 1 guga na yashi;
- 1 guga na humus.
Mafi kyawun magabata akan shafin shine karas, legumes na takin, ganye ko melons da gourds. Zai fi kyau kada ku dasa tsire-tsire a cikin gadaje inda dankali, barkono da tumatir suka girma.
Shin kuna sani? Eggplant a Turanci "eggplant" na nufin "shuka-kwai". Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa an fara ganin kwaikwayon farko da fari. Kuma don kama da kwai mai kaza, an shuka wannan shuka.
Yadda za a shuka tsaba
Lokaci da shirye-shirye
Sharuɗɗan dasa shuki na tsire-tsire tana dogara ne akan yanayin hawan yanayi, amma, a matsayin mulkin, an riga ya yiwu a shuka a farkon ko tsakiyar Maris. Tsaba kafin shuka dole ne a lalata, kuma hydrogen peroxide a cikin hanyar maganin mai kyau shine mafi kyawun magance wannan. Don yin wannan, wata rana kafin shuka 5 saukad da na peroxide, tsarma shi da gilashin ruwa da jiƙa da tsaba na 15-20 minutes. Hanyoyin germinated na eggplant iya fariya da mafi kyau germination. Don ci gaba da su, ya isa ya kunsa su a cikin zane mai laushi, ya sa su cikin wuri mai dumi da duhu kuma daga lokaci zuwa lokaci yayyafa su da ruwa. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, an riga ya yiwu a shuka tsaba mai sunflower.
Shirye-shiryen shinge
Shuka mafi kyau a cikin peat ko kofuna na filastik, kowanne iri a cikin babban kofin. Saka shi a ƙasa da aka gwada tare da ƙasa kuma yayyafa shi da ƙasa 0.5 cm. Eggplants suna da matukar mahimman tsari kuma suna da mummunar hali ga dashi, don haka karba akwati don kauce wa ruwa.
Don ƙwayoyin abinci, hardening cikakke ne lokacin da aka zubar da dusar ƙanƙara a kan kofuna. Amma ka yi hankali, tun da yake an riga an shuka tsaba wannan ba za a iya yi ba, amma ta hanyar zuba shi da ruwa ko ruwan da aka zaba. Kuma kula da su a yawan zazzabi daga +25 ° C zuwa +28 ° C. 
Dokoki don kula da seedlings da kuma saukowa sauƙi a ƙasa
Hanyar da kuke kulawa da seedlings zai shafi tasirin ci gaba da yawan amfanin gonar. Tsawanin zafin jiki don eggplant seedlings shine + 22-28 ° C, kuma a farkon makonni biyu da dare kana buƙatar rage yawan zazzabi zuwa + 17-18 ° C. Wannan canjin yanayi ya zama dole domin tsire-tsire ba su shimfiɗa ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan an dasa shuki a cikin wani greenhouse, to, matsakaicin matakin zafi zai kasance ba fiye da 70% ba. Idan an wuce, kwaiplant "Valentine F1" ya sauya ganye, kuma girbi na gaba zai zama matalauta.Ana gudanar da watering a cikin kwanaki biyu tare da rake ko raba ruwa mai laushi tare da zafin jiki ba kasa da +20 ° C. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, wasu jami'o'in kayan aiki irin su Gaupsin, Fundazol ko Trichodermin za'a iya kara su a ruwa don ban ruwa.
A lokacin watering yana da mahimmanci a hankali a duba germs don kasancewar kwari kwari. Idan akwai alamun bayyanar su, nan da nan za a bi da seedlings tare da duk wani kwayar halitta, misali, "Fitoverm", "Iskra" ko "Aktara". 
Kwayoyin bishiyoyi suna da jinkirin girma, kuma suna bukatar fertilizing, wanda aka yi tare da ban ruwa, amma bayan bayyanar da fari biyu ko uku. 10 g na urea ko 30 g na nitroammophoska cika tare da 30 g na superphosphate an narkar da a 10 l na ruwa.
Wani abu mai mahimmanci a kula da seedlings shine dacewa da ƙwayar. Makonni biyu kafin a saukowa a kan shafin da muke fitar da tsire-tsire a kan baranda ko cikin gonar don 'yan sa'o'i bayan abincin dare.
Kowace rana muna ƙara lokacin tafiya a cikin iska mai sa'a ta awa daya. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suna madaidaiciya, daga 17 cm a tsawo, tare da shida zuwa takwas ganye da kuma tsarin ingantaccen tushen, za ka iya fara dasa shuki da seedlings.
Ana gudanar da saukarwa a cikin yamma lokacin da iska bata da karfi. Da gadaje a ƙarƙashin eggplants tono sama, matakin kuma sa ramuka 12-15 cm zurfi. Shuka itatuwa a nesa daga 45-55 cm daga juna. Zai fi kyau in kasa ƙasa a kusa da daji tare da needles ko ciyawa bushe, da kuma sanya fim din baki tsakanin layuka don kauce wa evaporation.
Hanyoyin kula da namo
Top dressing da watering
Dogaro na farko ya kamata a gudanar da shi bayan kwanaki 15-20 bayan fitarwa na eggplants. A kan 10 na ruwa mun raba:
- 50 g na superphosphate;
- 15 g na ammonium nitrate;
- 20 g na potassium gishiri.
Domin kakar ya isa isa ku ciyar da riguna uku don samun girbi mafi kyau. Don mafi alhẽri sakamako, iri dressings za a iya alternated.
Kada ku shayar da tsire-tsire don 'yan makonni kadan bayan dasa, saboda wannan zai taimaka wajen faduwa da ganye. A cikin mafi girma yawan danshi eggplants bukatar a cikin tsawon 'ya'yan itace ovary. Ruwa ya zama dumi, ba kasa da 22 ° C, kuma watering yana da mahimmanci a tushe, kauce wa lamba tare da ganye. 
Samar da wata daji
Eggplant iri "Valentine F1" ba ya bukatar musamman pruning ko shirya. Isa don aiwatar da tsabtace tsabta, cire busassun harbe da ganye. Idan ka ga cewa daji ya karu da karfi kuma yana kangewa ƙarƙashin nauyi, to sai ya fi dacewa da ƙulla shi, ya bar dakin ci gaba.
Kula kula
Idan ƙasa ba ta ci gaba ba, to lallai ya zama dole ya sassauta shi a kai a kai, yana guje wa samuwar ɓawon burodi a ƙasa, da kuma cire weeds a dace. Yana da muhimmanci a ci gaba da raguwa a cikin kasa yayin ci gaba, don haka ƙasa ta fi dacewa da rana.
Yana da muhimmanci! Eggplants ne mafi kyaun delicacy na Colorado beetles, wanda zai iya ci duk abin da a cikin wani al'amari na kwanaki: daga ganye ga furanni da ovaries. Saboda haka, kana buƙatar tattara su yau da kullum ko ka bi da su da kwari daga wadannan kwari.
Lokacin girbi
Kuma watanni biyu ba za su shuɗe ba, lokacin da girbi ya fara girbi. Sa'an nan kuma 'ya'yan itace za su kai ga mafi kyawun taro - kimanin 200 g - kuma za su samo siffar pear-shaped da kuma inuwa mai kyau. 
Abũbuwan amfãni da disadvantages na iri-iri
Daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke da amfani shine:
- A farkon watan Yuli za ku iya gwada girbin farko;
- high quality 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da m bakin ciki sandpaper na arziki baki da purple launi;
- cuta juriya;
- kusan ba sa dauke da tsaba kuma ba gorchat, wanda yake da matukar dacewa a dafa abinci;
- cikin tsawon zai iya kai 25 cm, da nauyi - har zuwa 220 g;
- daji yana da ƙarfi kuma baya buƙatar tsari da garter;
- Yanayin yana kimanin kilogiram 3.5 na mita na dasa.
Akwai ƙananan marasa amfani na wannan iri-iri, kuma daga cikin manyan akwai mummunar shuka tsaba. Amma, a matsayin mulkin, an haɗa shi da tsirrai da shuka.Tare da kulawa da kyau ga nau'in nau'in nau'in "Valentine F1" da aka nuna a cikin bayanin, tsire-tsire za su gode da girbi mai girma, wanda za ku yi alfaharin.
