Cyclamen - wani shuka mai ban sha'awa wanda zai yi ado gidanka.
Dangane da launuka iri-iri, Cyclamen Persian na iya canza gidanka cikin kyakkyawar gine-gine da kuma hada ciki.
Wannan shuka mai ban mamaki za a tattauna a baya a cikin labarin.
Bayanan Botanical
Cyclamen a cikin daji yana zaune a yankunan Rumunan kuma a arewacin Afirka nahiyar. Yanayin yanayi - tare da sanyi da zafi da lokacin zafi.
Mafi yawancin irin wannan shuka blooms a cikin hunturu, kuma a cikin zafi mai zafi, ana adana shi tare da abubuwan gina jiki masu dacewa a cikin tubers, yana cikin lokacin dormant kuma yana nuna ganye. 
Saboda gaskiyar cewa Cyclamen na Farisanci ya fadi a kan hunturu, wannan furen yana da kyau, tun da yawancin furanni sun wanzu a wannan lokacin.
Cyclamen Persian yana yawancin girma ne don cin abinci, tun da yake a gida lokacin hutawa yana kusa da watanni 9, da girma da kuma flowering - duk sauran lokutan.
Shin kuna sani? Akwai alamomin cyclamen na Persian a cikin littattafan Faransanci na 18th. Yana nufin shi a matsayin abinci ga aladu. Ya bayyana cewa aladu a cikin kauna da kauna suna ci tushen tushen da aka ba, suna kwashe su daga ƙasa..
Wannan inji yana cikin iyali primrose. Ganyen daji ne mai ban sha'awa, yana da ganye mai launin launin fata tare da samfurori na azurfa da ke girma daga tushe.
Furen suna matsakaici ne a cikin girman, waɗanda suke da dogon lokaci, suna da nau'o'in (dangane da matasan) launuka. Peduncle ya kai 30 cm, amma a yanzu dwarf iri suna bred, wanda duba mafi m da proportionate, kuma wanda peduncles ba mafi girma fiye da 15 cm. 
Mafi shahararrun masu Yaren mutanen Holland na Cyclamen Persian "Super Series":
- "Micro" - wannan jigon yana nuna kananan furanni, yana yayyafa shuka, wanda ke da tsawon flowering kuma yana da launuka 17.
- "Da Vinci" - yana da ƙananan girma kuma yana nuna tsawon flowering, yana da 9 launuka. An halin ganye tare da wata inuwa mai duhu.
- "Verano" - jerin sassan Persian cyclamen, wanda aka halicce musamman domin girma a cikin yanayin dumi. Wannan itace dwarf yana da ƙananan furanni kuma tana da launuka 16.
- "Karamin" - jerin suna da yawan furanni, wanda yake da tsayin daka kuma yana da 21 launuka na furanni. Yana nufin zuwa wani sabon jerin.
- "Asali" - jerin sun sami sunansa don furanni tare da launi maras kyau, yana da har zuwa 16 launi. Gwaninta masu girma, manyan furanni, tsire-tsire ne mai girma.
- "Sugar" - jerin da aka tsara don girma a cikin yanayin gida, farawa na farko, yana da 14 launuka.
Dole ne yanayin girma
Saboda gaskiyar cewa samfurori na musamman na cyclamen suna horar da su don bunkasa cikin yanayin ɗakunan, wannan yana da sauƙin kulawa da furen. Amma don cimma wani dogon lokaci mai yawa, dole ne ku bi dokoki da zasu taimake ku girma da kyakkyawan shuka.
Muna ba da shawara mu fahimci jerin jerin itatuwan tsire-tsire masu kyau na gida mai dakuna, gandun daji da kuma ofis, da kuma jerin furanni masu banƙyama da haɗari.
Air zazzabi da zafi
Cyclamen Persian ya fi so ya zama a yanayin da yanayinsa yake ba sama da 17 ° C ba a cikin hunturu - wato, lokacin flowering. A lokacin hutawa (rani) fure zai ji al'ada a zafin jiki na har zuwa 25 ° C.
Da zafi a cikin dakin ya zama matsakaita, rashin danshi yana da mummunan sakamako a kan shuka, saboda haka kula da rike microclimate m. Don yin wannan, bana iska kusa da furen ko sanya gilashi tare da shinge mai shinge ƙarƙashin tukunya da kuma tsaftace lokaci mai tsabta.
Haskewa don girma
Ganye ba sa son hasken rana kai tsaye (ƙonawa yana yiwuwa), amma ya fi son haske, amma hasken haske.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan an hana shuka ta haske, ganye zasu juya launin rawaya.
A gefen gabas furen za ta karbi adadin haske a lokacin rani, kuma a cikin hunturu zaka iya motsa shi zuwa taga ta kudu. 
Matsayin iska
Cyclamen Persian yakan girma kawai a cikin tsabtace iska. Ana shafe hayaki na gas ko taba hayaki. Dakin da akwai cyclamen, ya wajaba don kwantar da hankali sau da yawa, don haka iska ba ta damu ba.
Har ila yau, kamata a sanya tukwane na filaye a iyaka mai kyau daga juna don haka ana fice su daga kowane bangare kuma ba su haifar da rot ba. Amma a lokacin da yake yin iska, tabbatar cewa shuka ba a cikin wani daftarin ba.
Sake bugun: yadda za a shuka fure a gida
Cyclamen Persian za a iya yadawa a gida. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da yaduwa ta hanyar iri da rarrabe na tuber.
Tsaba
Matsalar da ake haifar da iri a gida shine kusan dukkanin Cyclamens na Persian da aka sayar a cikin shaguna suna da matasan, kuma idan aka girbe su daga tsaba da aka girbe, yiwuwar samun wannan flower yana da ragu. Saboda haka, yana da kyau a saya iri a cikin shagon. 
Idan har yanzu kuna yanke shawara don kokarin yada cyclamen tare da tsaba na gida, to, kuna buƙata ya dace to pollinate wani shuka artificially.
Da alama cewa wani abu mai ban sha'awa zai juya ya zama mafi girma idan kana da sau da yawa lokutta na wannan shuka. Daga ɗaya kofi ya zama dole don canja wurin pollen daga flower zuwa stigma na flower na wani kwafi tare da sanda mai laushi.
Ta haka ne, an lalata tsararraki kuma ta juya, tana dauke da akwatin, inda tsaba zasu fara, kusa da ƙasa. Daga waɗannan nau'o'in na iya fitar da sababbin lokuta na shuka, wanda ba zai zama kamar kogin iyaye ba ko ma da juna.
Tsaba ya fara game da wata daya. Lokacin da wannan lokacin ya ƙare, kwalaye sun buɗe, a wane lokaci ne suke buƙata a shuka su. Tsarin dokoki:
- kafin shuka, ana bada shawara don kwantar da tsaba a "Epin" bisa ga umarnin;
- kasar gona don shuka ya kamata a yi masa disinfected, alal misali, ta hanyar steaming;
- Ya kamata a kunsa peat da yashi a cikin sassan daidai;
- zaka iya zaɓar wani, wato, akwati don shuka;
- don dasa shuki ya zama wajibi ne don cika ƙasa a cikin akwati, yin rashin ciki na 1 cm kuma ya zuba;
- Shuka tsaba a nesa da 2 cm daga juna;
- rufe kadan tare da ƙasa a saman kuma aiwatar da ruwa daga kwalba mai laushi.
- an rufe akwati da wani fim mai duhu; rassan cyclamen na Persian daga tsaba yana faruwa a zafin jiki ba kasa da 20 ° C;
- lokaci-lokaci kana buƙatar iska da amfanin gona da kuma kula da watering.
A gida, ana iya shuka tsaba ta hanyar plumeria, adenium, balsamine, aichrizone, weigela, geranium, aechmea, da kuma salon gerbera.
Tsaba na shuka wata guda bayan shuka, bayan da ya kamata ya cire fim din kuma ya sanya fure a kan wani sill mai haske. Tsayar da shuka ya zama dole bayan bayanan 2 ya bayyana. A cikin rabin shekara, za a iya dasa cyclamens da aka ƙarfafa sosai a cikin tukwane na ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan (kimanin 6 cm a diamita). 
Tuber rarraba
Ta rarraba tuber, cyclamen yana da wuya a yada shi, saboda tare da wannan hanya sosai tuber kuma babu tabbacin yadda zai yi lokacin saukowa. Dalilin lalacewa shi ne cewa shuka ba ya ba yara-yara, wanda zasu iya raba ba tare da lalata mahaifa ba. Sabili da haka, hanyar kawai irin wannan haifuwa ita ce yanke dan uwan tuber cikin guda.
Cikakken cyclamens ne kawai ya dace da rarraba, amma yawan lalata, koda kuwa wannan, yana da yawa.
Idan ka yanke shawarar yada cyclamen ta rarraba tuber, to sai ka jira har sai ganye su mutu gaba daya. Bayan haka, kana buƙatar cire tuber daga tukunya da raba shi da wuka a cikin sassan biyu daidai don su samo asali da ganye. Yanke gefen dole ne a bi da shi tare da duk wani abun ciki da kuma kwalba, jira don bushewa. Ya kamata a yi saukowa a cikin tukwane.
Shin kuna sani? Da farko dai aka ambaci irin abubuwan da suka shafi kiwon lafiya na kyamar cyclamen sun bayyana a ƙarni na IV-III BC. er Mawallafin Georgian wannan lokaci sun bayyana yadda aka yi amfani dashi a magani na gargajiya. Karin bayani daga tsire-tsire da aka yi amfani da shi wajen maganin macijin maciji, rheumatism da sinus.
Ayyukan kula da cyclamen
Kyakkyawan cyclamen furen fure ne wanda ba shi da mahimmanci game da girma da tsawa, amma bayan sayen shi wajibi ne don shirya yanayi mai dadi don shi ya dace da sauri ya zauna a gidanka.
Yadda ake yin ruwa a flower
Cyclamen yana son matsakaici wateringkamar yadda ƙasa ta bushe. Ya kamata ruwan ya zama a hankali, ba tare da fadi a kan kayan da ke cikin fure ba. Zai fi kyau da ruwa ta wurin wanke tukunya a cikin ruwa na mintina 15, ko kuma zuba ruwa a gefen gefen tukunya. Watering yana da yawa a lokacin lokacin flowering, kuma rage yawan watering zuwa mafi muni - a lokacin da aka dasa shuka a cikin wani lokacin dormant. 
Top dressing
Wajibi ne don ciyar da shuka a lokacin flowering da lokacin ci gaban ganye. Taki ya kamata ya zabi wani don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Aika bisa ga umarnin. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da taki da ruwa, wanda ake amfani dashi don ban ruwa. Dole a ciyar bayan furen ya dace da yanayin yanayi - cikin watanni daya bayan sayan.
Pruning
Yayin da furanni suka bushe, dole ne a jawo su tare tare da peduncle. Wannan ya kamata a yi ta hanyar motsi mai mahimmanci. Yanke tare da abubuwa masu mahimmanci ba a bada shawara ba. Ƙananan ba za su iya tsagawa ba, yayin da suke fadawa da kansu lokacin da fure yake shirya don hutawa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Cyclamen an dauke shi fure mai fadi, saboda haka ku yi hankali lokacin kula da shuka. Idan za ku tuntube tare da ganye, furen fure ko tuber, amfani da alamar.
Shuka shuka
Sake gyaran furen ƙananan yara, wanda shine har zuwa shekaru biyu, yana da muhimmanci a kowace shekara, kuma ana shuka tsire-tsire masu girma 1 lokaci a shekaru 3. Don canzawa kana buƙatar ka zabi tukunya kadan kaɗan kowane lokaci don tabbatar da sararin samaniya ga tushen. Amma ba darajar zaɓar wani babban tukunya ba, saboda zai iya rinjayar flowering.
Ya kamata a sayi cyclamen a cikin ƙasa don tsire-tsire bulbous, yana da daraja ƙara dan yashi kadan. Tsarin fure yana da fasali: tushen yana samuwa a kasa na tuber. Sabili da haka, a lokacin da aka juyo, baza a rufe gaba da tuber ba tare da ƙasa, amma wanda ya sa ɓangaren sama ya bude.
Major cututtuka da kuma kwari
Babban matsalar Cyclamen shine launi mai launin toka. Idan baku bi ka'idodin ruwa ba ko samar da lalata matalauta, to wannan cutar za ta iya shawo kan tuber.
Har ila yau, cyclamen na Persia zai iya shafar thrips, gizo gizo gizo da cyclamen mite, aphids. A alamar farko na cutar kutsawa da fure, wanke shi da ruwa mai dumi. Idan manipulation ba ta taimaka ba, dole ne a gudanar da wannan magani tare da kwari, alal misali, "Fitoverm", - yana iya hallaka gizo-gizo da cyclamen mites, da kuma thrips. Hanyar aikace-aikace ya kamata a karanta a cikin umarnin don miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Saboda haka, cyclamen na Persian ya tabbata ya yi ado gidan ku idan kun bi shawarwarin akan kula da shuka kuma ku bi shi daga kwari a lokaci.
