Strawberries

Asirin girma strawberry strawberries: dasa da kuma kula berries a gonar

Amppelnaya strawberry ne na musamman irin Berry, wakilci da dama iri.

Ganye zai iya girma kuma ya bada 'ya'ya a cikin kwaskwarima yana tallafawa ko fada ƙasa.

Ana amfani da Amppelnaya Berry ba kawai don amfani ba, har ma a matsayin ado na halitta.

Sakamakon irin kayan lambu

Sabanin sauran nau'o'in, irin bango da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma suna bada 'ya'ya ba kawai tsire-tsire kanta ba, har ma da antennae, kuma a lokaci guda. Dabbobi masu tasowa na wannan jinsin suna samar da amfanin gona sau da yawa a kowace kakar, kuma a gida - har ma a watan Disamba. Ana iya kiran shi nau'i-nau'in nau'i-nau'i, a cikin yanayin, saboda whiskers ba sa karkatar da kayan aiki, kuma suna bukatar a ɗaure su.

Amppelnaya strawberry ji mai girma da kuma bada girbi mai kyau a cikin haske haske yanayi, da yawa girma shi a cikin Apartments da greenhouses, girbi shekara-shekara, hada da dama iri. Don gabatarwa mafi dacewa iri-iri iri, kamar yadda suke iya Bloom da kuma kai 'ya'yan itace a kowace shekara. Bai kamata a manta da cewa Berry yana buƙatar ƙasa mai kyau ba, yana bukatar a canza shi kowace shekara 2-3, in ba haka ba zai shred kuma ba zai zama bambanci daga cikin daji ba. Sauran kulawa ɗaya ne kamar sauran strawberries.

Fasahar fasaha

Kafin dasa, seedlings ya kamata a yanke antennae da aiwatar da tushen a cikin wani bayani na gishiri da jan karfe sulphate. Shirya bayani bisa lita 10 na ruwa - 3 tbsp. spoons na gishiri da kuma 1 tsp na vitriol. Shuka asalinsu suna immersed a cikin abun da ke ciki na 10-15 minti.

Shirya gado mai ganyaye a cikin hanyar da aka saba da shi: an rarraba ƙasa ta weeds, da aka haƙa kuma an haɗa shi - ma'adinai da kwayoyin. Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ya kamata ya zama 30 cm, kuma a cikin hanya - akalla 50 cm Domin seedlings kada su daskare a cikin hunturu, ya kamata a rufe shi da sawdust da fim.

Yawancin lokaci gidajenmu na rani suna ƙananan ƙananan, kuma ina so in sanya tsire-tsire a kan su. Ɗaya daga cikin kayan aikin - dala don berries. Wannan gado zai yi ban sha'awa kuma ya adana sararin samaniya. A wurin da berries ne rana. Domin dala ya dace da jaka, trellis, trays har ma da taya mota.

Yadda zaka zabi seedlings

A sakamakon binciken, sai ya juya cewa irin wadannan gidaje irin na strawberries: "Finland", "Remontant" da "Sarauniya Elizabeth 1, 2" sun fi dacewa da girma.

Daga tsire-tsire marasa amfani zuwa yanayin da ake tsarewa ana iya kiran su iri biyu: "Geneva" da "Alba". Daban-daban na curling strawberries "Ostara" 'ya'yan itatuwa har ma a cikin kaka. Daga cikin irin albarkatun waje, Elsanta ya tabbatar da kansa sosai. Ƙasar ta dandana mai dadi tare da ɗan ƙarami, mai girma kuma mai arziki. Gaskiya, a lokacin hunturu wannan iri-iri na iya mutu. Tsayayya da sanyi shine "Eros". Orange-ja 'ya'yan itatuwa duba kyau a kan bayan wani m kore Rosette. Berries iri "Crown" suna da m, taushi da kuma dandano sweetish. Tsarin yana da tsayayya ga canje-canje a cikin yanayin yanayi. Amma sweetest Berry daga Honey iri-iri.

Yana da muhimmanci! Seedlings na ampelous strawberries kada a dasa kusa da gonar. Tsakanin gadaje da iri daban-daban ya kamata nesa. Za a iya dasa tsire-tsire a farkon, da kuma Sarauniya ta sarauniya - a ƙarshen wannan mãkirci.

Yaushe kuma inda za a shuka da Berry

A cikin farkon rabin Fabrairu, an yi amfani da irin nauyin 'ya'yan itace strawberry. Wajibi ne a zubar da ƙura a cikin ɗakunan, ku rarraba tsaba akan farfajiya, tare da rufe gilashi kuma saka shi cikin firiji na tsawon kwanaki 3-4. Bayan haka, motsa saukowa cikin zafi (har zuwa digiri 24), yin ƙarin doshochivanie. An kawar da tsari lokacin da tsire-tsire ke da 3 bar kowannensu, sa'an nan kuma rage yawan zazzabi zuwa digiri 18 don haka seedlings ba su shimfiɗawa.

Bayan wata daya daga bisani, ana juye tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane masu rarraba, da kuma bayan da aka dasa su, an dasa su a cikin fure-fure ko kwandon rataye. Tsawancin tsarin ba zai wuce mita 2 ba, in ba haka ba kula da strawberry zai kasance da wahala. Ana kwantar da kwalliyar kwalliya na 15 cm daga dutse mai laushi, launin dutse ko pebbles a cikin tsarin a kasan, to, ƙasa mai kyau ya cika, shayar da kyau kuma ya ba da lokaci zuwa shirya. Lokacin da duk hanyoyi suka cika, ƙasa za ta zauna, ɓangaren ɓata zai cika da ƙasa. Kafin dasa shuki, asalin strawberry strawberry suna tsoma a cikin yumbu mash. Za a iya amfani da kwayoyi a kan tituna kawai bayan lokacin komawa sanyi da kuma bambancin zazzabi. Strawberries suna son hasken rana kuma basu yarda da iska, don haka dole ne a shigar da zane a cikin rana, wanda aka ƙi daga iska.

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan aka zaɓi ƙasa mai talauci don dasa shuki, ƙananan strawberries za su zama m kuma za su zama talakawa na yau da kullum.

Shirye-shiryen dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa

Girma da tsumburan ƙwayoyin tumatir yana da matukar damuwa, saboda al'ada yana da kyan gani, kuma kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, dole ne a shirya kayan gada. Ya dogara da abin da yawan amfanin ƙasa na strawberries, kula, namo, size da yawa na berries. Dole ne a zaba wurin da za a dasa shuki a kudu maso yammaci, mai sassauci, ɓangaren shafin yanar gizo. Strawberries son zafi da haske, da zaƙi da juiciness na berries ya dogara da shi.

Bincika jerin jerin iri iri iri: "Sarauniya Elizabeth", "Elsanta", "Albion", "Chamora Turusi", "Marshal", "Malvina", "Kimberley", "Zeng Zengana".
Yana da matukar muhimmanci cewa wurin da gadaje yake a kan dutse, manufa don girma gadaje masu girma. Lokacin da ruwa ya damu a lokacin lokacin girbi, Berry zai iya cutar da cututtukan fungal sosai, saboda haka ana bada shawara don ɗiban ƙasa a ƙarƙashin gado na tubali mai fashe ko kuma pebbles. Yawan yanayi na ruwa ya kamata ya kasance a mataki na 80 cm, matakin acidity na ƙasa kada ya wuce 5.7-6.2 pH.

Shin kuna sani? Ko da yake strawberries suna mai dadi berries, sun ƙunshi kusan babu sukari. Abin da ya sa dullun Hollywood sukan zauna a kan abinci na strawberry kuma suna jayayya cewa wannan hanya za ku iya rasa 2.5 kg a cikin kwanaki 4. Saboda abun ciki mai ƙananan sukari, ana bada shawarar shawarar strawberries har ma ga mutanen da ciwon sukari.

Yadda za a kula da berries

Idan watering don strawberries ba mahimmanci ba ne, to, yana da muhimmanci a ci gaba da ido a saman miya a cikin kakar rani.

Amppelnaya strawberry ne mai bukata, kulawa zai kasance a cikin kullun da ake amfani da shi, ya rufe gado don hunturu idan ya cancanta, zai dauki lokaci mai yawa, kuma zai yi kokari, amma zai kawo muku girbi mai yawa. Dole ne a shirya kasa don dasa shuki, kiyaye dokoki na girma da amfanin gona da kuma samar da shi tare da yanayin mafi girma don girma, to, berries zasu zama masu dadi da yawa.

Watering, weeding da sassauta ƙasa

Kamar yadda yake a lokacin girbi na berries, da kuma bayan girbi, yana da muhimmanci cewa kasar gona a cikin gonar ita ce ta ci gaba da rigar - wannan zai tabbatar da yawancin matakan matasa.

Sanin yadda za a kula da strawberries bayan girbi zai taimaka wajen kara yawan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire don kakar wasa mai zuwa. Bayan kaddamar da ban ruwa don amfani da ruwa mai dumi.

Ana yin watering a faɗuwar rana ko da safe don kauce wa kunar rana a jiki. Bayan ban ruwa, kasar gona tana tsabtacewa kuma tana cike.

Idan ka samar da yawan watering na strawberries, duk da rashin 'ya'yan itace, to, a cikin idon ruwa zai ba da yawa karin buds.

Amfani

A lokacin budding, ana ciyar da ƙananan matasa tare da takin mai magani (potassium sulfate, potassium magnesia, potassium chloride) bisa ga umarnin kunshin. Don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa na shuka an yadu da ruwan acid. An shuka tsire-tsire mai girma a farkon spring tare da gabatarwar nitroammofoski. A lokacin flowering, potassium nitrate, ƙwayar kaza ko itace ash an gabatar. Bayan girbi, takin sake da nitroammofoskoy. A ƙarshen lokacin rani, an yi shuka tare da urea don girbi mafi girma a shekara mai zuwa.

Strawberry mulching

Mulching daga cikin berries ana gudanar da shi a cikin bazara, don kaucewa lamba na peduncles tare da ƙasa, kuma a ƙarshen kaka, don kare su daga sanyi.

Gurasar bishiyar (takin, humus, ciyawa, ciyawa) inganta siffofin microbiological da tsarin ƙasa. Inorganic mulch (dutse, granite, crumb, baki da launin polyethylene). Amfaninsa shine aminci. Shin ba ya lalacewa, yana kare da fungi, ciyawa da sako da kuma tasiri na waje.

Ƙara koyo game da samfurori da zasu zama da amfani gare ku don kula da gonar: "PhytoDoctor", "Ecosil", "Nemabakt", "Thanos", "Omayt", "Oksihom", "Ammofos", "Trichodermin", "Calypso" , "Fundazol", "Prestige", "Etamon".

Kwayar cuta da cutar

Kowane lambu mai sanin ya san yadda za a aiwatar da strawberries bayan yankan ganye don kare su daga kwari. Tsarin farko na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire yana faruwa a lokacin girma kafin flowering. Lokacin da aka girbe dukkanin bishiyoyi, ana sarrafawa bayan yin amfani da 'ya'yan itace, ba daga cikin watan Agusta ba. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da Actellic don kare tsire-tsire (15-20 ml da lita 10 na ruwa, idan akwai karin kwari, za'a iya maimaita hanya akai bayan kwana 8-10). A kayan aiki yadda ya kamata jimre wa strawberry m mite, cin matasa ganye.

Spraying tare da aidin bayani (5-10 saukad da da lita 10 na ruwa) zai cece daga weevil. Tsarin berries bayan girbi da kwari sun hada da hadaddun taki tare da urea a kashi 30 g da lita 10 na ruwa ko jiko: 2 tbsp. l nitroammofoski, lita 10 na ruwa da kuma 1 kopin ash. Bayan girbi, kazalika don rage rashin lafiyar cutar, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da Fitosporin (a kan cututtukan fungal a cikin kashi 1 lita na ruwa na ruwa a lita lita 10 na mita 2) ko Fitop.

Trimming whiskers da ganye

Ana shuka kwayoyi da tsaba, gashin gashi da rabuwa daji. Mafi mashahuri hanya ita ce gashin-baki.

A cikin ƙwayoyi mai laushi sun bar gashin gashi mafi karfi don samar da wata yar hanya. 2 makonni kafin a dasa shuki, za a yanke katakon da ke haɗuwa da kwasfa zuwa gaji mai layi. Yi amfani da igiyar ciki bushes don girma gashin-baki na iya zama har zuwa shekaru 3. Pruning ganye a lokacin rani taimaka kare strawberries daga cututtuka da kwari. Ana gudanar da hanya a bushe da safe ko da maraice da ƙuƙwarar ƙwara. Ka bar wuri mai girma, mai tushe da petioles har zuwa 10 cm tsawo. Don hunturu, strawberries ya kamata tafi bayan pruning, barin kawai matasa harbe. Strawberries, wanda aka haɗa tare da dacewa sosai, sun kasance marasa ciwo kuma sun fi girma.

Shin kuna sani? A Belgium, akwai gidan kayan gargajiya na musamman wanda aka ba wa wannan Berry. A Tsakiyar Tsakiyar, an dauki strawberries a matsayin alamar zaman lafiya da wadata, saboda haka ana amfani da ita ne kawai a lokacin bukukuwan da ke da muhimmanci ga masarauta da baƙi.

Yadda za a shirya strawberries don hunturu

Strawberry bushes suna buƙatar tsari don matsananciyar (-20 digiri) da kuma raguwa tare da kadan snow don kauce wa daskarewa daga cikin tushen. Rufafuwa yana farawa a farkon farawa na yau da kullum, idan ya yi zafi, to an cire tsari don kauce wa vypryvaniya. Ƙananan raguwa suna taimakawa wajen karfafa katako. A matsayin abin rufe kayan dace: Pine spruce, hay, bambaro, ganye bushe, agrofibre, spunbond, agrotex.

Strawberry ba shi da kwarewa: wadata da rashin amfani

Babu wani rashin tabbas a cikin strawberry strawberry. Amma amfanin da iri-iri suna da yawa:

  • kayan ado;
  • girma sosai a cikin yanayin haske mara kyau;
  • ba ya buƙatar ingantaccen takin gargajiya tare da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya, amma ya kamata a yi dasa a cikin wani abu mai gina jiki;
  • saboda gyarawa, shuka yana da 'ya'ya har sai kaka;
  • babban, mai dadi da fleshy berries yin la'akari har zuwa 30 g;
  • da yiwuwar girma a kan trellis, wanda ya hana bayyanar rot;
  • high yawan amfanin ƙasa.
M kulawa da kuma yadda aka zaɓa da kyau za su taimaka maka samun kyakkyawar girbi na zaki da berries.