Kankana shine ciyawar ciyawar ciyawa daga dangin Kasatikov. Yana Forms m kore thickets, a kan abin da haske a tsaye ko drooping inflorescences Bloom. Sunan yana nufin "ƙanshi mai ƙanshi", wannan shine yadda furanni ke bushe. Itace kuma sanannu ne da sunayen montbrecia, tritonia, ko Jafananci gladiolus. Cutar ƙarancin cuta gida ce ga ɓangarorin Afirka ta Kudu. Sleananannun lamuran da ke cikin siririnsu suna cika tsarin furen a cikin lambun, kuma yanke inflorescences zai tsaya a cikin gizagi na sama da makonni biyu.
Bayanin Shuka
Cutar ƙwanƙwasa itace ciyawar ciyawa. Tsawon tsirrai na iya bambanta daga 40 cm zuwa 1 m. Tsarin tushen sa ya ƙunshi corms, waɗanda ke girma cikin manyan gungu. Kowane corm an rufe shi da yawa yadudduka na membranes. Kara gayen katako mai cike da surroundedan kera-kamar rosette na xiphoid ko ganye mai layi. Tsawon ganye mai haske mai haske yakai 40-60 cm, an yi musu tarko tare da tsakiyar jijiya ko kuma suna da farar ƙasa.
A cikin rassan na bakin ciki, m kara mai yawa paniculate inflorescences Bloom. Sun bayyana a watan Yuli kuma zasu ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen Satumba. Kowane fure yana da siffar mai hoto mai tauraro biyar mai nuna alama. Girman daskararren bude corolla shine cm 3-5 ana sanya fentin a launin ja, ruwan lemo ko rawaya. Wani gungu mai tsayi rawaya mai tsayi ya fice daga tsakiya. Littattafan a farfajiyar sun bude a biyun, daga tushe zuwa gefen.
A cikin yankuna na kudanci a kan lokacin cinko ya lalata tsaba. Suna cikin ƙananan akwatunan iri masu zagaye kuma suna launin ruwan hoda.
Nau'in iri daban daban
A cikin illolin cutar kyanda, akwai wasu nau'ikan sama da 50 da iri iri-iri.
Cutar ƙwarya da zinari Itaciya 50-80 cm tsayi a gindin yana da faffen ro-roplete mai ganyayyaki masu launin xiphoid mai haske. Flow ya fara a Yuli, lokacin da tassels tare da rawaya-orange buds bude a kara. Rarraba a Afirka ta Kudu, an gabatar da shi zuwa Turai a tsakiyar karni na XIX.
Ciwon zuciya Massonorum. Dankin yana da kyakkyawar juriya ga sanyi. A daji kunshi wani rosette na m kore kore ganye da kuma dogon, drooping peduncle. A kanta akwai kyawawan furanni masu ruwan shuɗi-orange.
Karaski Cosmos. Yana girma a cikin inuwar ƙasashen da ke da inuwar Afirka. Danshi ya fi kunkuntar da mai sauki. A kan inflorescences akwai wasu ƙananan furanni orange.
Sakamakon aikin shayarwa, an haɗu da ire-iren waɗannan montbrecia na ado:
- Lukaifa - inji mai tsayi (har zuwa 1.5 m) harbe da kafa kafaɗa, a kan abin da haske ja buds Bloom;
Lukaifa - Emily Mackenzie - inflorescences tare da ruwan-fure mai launin shuɗi-fure a kan daji game da 60 cm tsayi;
Emily Mackenzie - Sarki sarki - manyan furanni masu haske mai launin shuɗi tare da tabo mai ruwan 'ya'yan itace a tsakiyar suna kan ƙananan inflorescences;
Sarki sarki - Sarauniyar Tangerine - manyan furanni mai haske mai haske suna yin fure a daji har zuwa m 1.2;
Sarauniyar Tangerine - Citronella - an rufe shuka da ruwan lemo mai sassaucin rawaya;
Citronella - Tauraruwar Gabas - nau'in thermophilic tare da manyan (10-12 cm a diamita) furanni apricot-orange;
Tauraruwar Gabas - George Davidson - daji tare da duhu kore ganye 60-70 cm high da amber inflorescences.
George Davidson
Hanyoyin kiwo
Ana aiwatar da yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta ta zuriya da kuma hanyoyin ciyayi. Tsaba an riga an shuka shi akan shuka domin samun shukar da ya girma ta bazara. A watan Fabrairu, an saka cakuda peat, ƙasa turf, yashi da ganye humus a cikin akwatunan lebur. Tsaba yakamata ya zama soyayyen rana guda a cikin ruwan dumi, wanda yakamata a canza shi sau 4. Shuka su zuwa zurfin 3-5 mm. Akwatin an rufe gilashin kuma a sanya shi a cikin ɗaki mai dumi, mai haske. Bayan makonni 1-2, harbe na farko ya bayyana. Yaran tsire-tsire suna ci gaba da girma a gida har zuwa farkon Mayu. Yankunan da aka dasa suna dasa su a cikin ƙasa lokacin da haɗarin bazara na bazara.
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa da haifuwa ita ce rarraba kawunan yara. Kowace shekara, har zuwa yara shida ana kafa su akan rhizome. Bugu da ƙari, kwan fitilar mahaifa na iya zama mai yiwuwa. A cikin kaka, lokacin da ganyayen ya bushe gaba ɗaya, an girke tubers. A tsakiyar Rasha, ana adana su har sai lokacin bazara a cikin wani wurin dumi inda sanyi ba ya shiga. Lokacin dasawa, zaku iya raba babban labule zuwa sassa da yawa, amma kada ku dasa tsintsiyar tsintsiya ɗaya bayan ɗaya.
Yanayin gamuwa
Kwararan fitila na iya yin sanyi cikin hunturu a cikin ƙasa idan a cikin hunturu yanayin zafin jiki bai faɗi ƙasa -15 ° C ba. A cikin mafi tsananin yanayin sanyi, an rufe ƙasa da rassan spruce, ganye bushe da fim. A yankuna inda sanyi ya kai -30 ° C, ana tonon corms domin hunturu. An 'yantar da su daga ƙasa kuma a adana su a cikin kwali na kwali a zazzabi da bai wuce + 10 ° C ba.
Yawancin danshi a cikin ƙasa yana haifar da babbar barazana ga asalin sa. A cikin ƙananan ƙasashe, don kada tsire-tsire su yi rigar, an kuma ba da shawarar a haƙa su.
Ko da ɓarkewar ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ƙasa a cikin ƙasa buɗe, kowane shekaru 3-4, bushes yana buƙatar a haƙa shi kuma ya raba. Ba tare da wannan hanyar ba, tsire-tsire za su fara girma ƙanana da muni zuwa Bloom.
Siffofin Kulawa
Cutar ƙarancin cuta babu isasshen ma'ana; kula da ita a cikin filin ba zai zama mai wahala ba. A tsakiyar watan Afrilu, lokacin da yanayin ƙasa ya kai + 6 ... + 10 ° C, ana shuka tsintsaye a wuri mai zafin rana. Ya kamata a kiyaye shi da kyau daga zayyana. Ya kamata a dasa fitila zuwa zurfin 7-10 cm, yara 3-5 cm. Dole ne ya zama ya zama nisa tsakanin 10-12 cm tsakanin tsire-tsire Kafin dasa, ana ɗoran kwararan fitila a cikin shirye-shirye na musamman ko mafitar potassium ta tsawon awa 1-3.
Domin da tsire-tsire girma da kuma Bloom profusely, shi wajibi ne don a kai a kai ruwa da crocosmia. A cikin ƙasa bushe, shuka zai rasa tasirin ado. Idan bazara ta zama ruwan sama ba, ana rage ruwa ko tsayawa gaba daya. Don kada ruwan ya yi tururi a cikin ƙasa kuma iska ta shiga cikin tushen, kana buƙatar saki duniya lokaci-lokaci.
Daga farkon bazara, ƙwanƙwasa tana buƙatar takin ƙasa na yau da kullun. A watan Afrilu-Yuni, sau uku a wata, an hadu da mullein da nitrogenous miya (mai ruwa-ruwa 1:10). An bada shawara don musanya Organic tare da mahaɗan ma'adinai. Tare da zuwan farkon buds, ana cire takin nitrogenous. Saboda cewa kwararan fitila girma da kyau kafin sanyi, wilted furanni dole ne a yanka.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Cutar ƙarancin cuta na iya fama da cututtukan fungal idan aka girma akan ƙasa da ambaliyar ruwa. Canzawa da magani na kashe-kashe zasu taimaka tserewa daga lalata. Hakanan, furanni na iya wahala daga fusarium. Kwararan fitila sun zama duhu, masu taushi da laushi. Yana da matukar wahala a warkar da su, zai fi kyau ka ware da kuma lalata tsirran da abin ya shafa.
Tare da jaundice (ciyawa), kwararan fitila suna juya launin rawaya kuma suna da yawa sosai. Suna yin harbe-harbe da yawa tare da ganye mai rawaya. A farkon matakin cutar, dumama kwan fitila zuwa zafin jiki na + 45 ° C yana taimakawa waraka gaba daya.
Daga cikin kwari da ke lalata ɓarna, mutum zai iya bambance beyar da ciyayi. Cire irin na kasar gona da kayan abu na tsiro daga gare su.
Yi amfani da zane
Kayan cinya mai bushewa suna kama da kayan ado sosai. Ana iya dasa su a cikin ƙarami da manyan rukunin furanni akan gadajen fure, a tsakiyar faren ko kuma tare da kusoshin. A cikin lambun furen, shuka yana da ban mamaki a cikin kwatancin rudbeckia, echinacea, salvia, da wakilan dangin Liliaceae.
Tsuntsu mai tsayi kamar tsinkaye yana da kyau a yanka. Za su tsaya a cikin kayan mawaƙa fiye da makonni biyu kuma a hankali zasu buɗe ƙwanƙwasa budsari.
