Weigela - ciyawa masu yawa da ciyawa masu kyau. An yi suna ne bayan masanin kimiyyar Jamus K.E. Weigel. A inji nasa ne a gidan Honeysuckle. Homelandasarta ta zama tsibirin Java, gabas da kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Za'a iya samun Weigel akan ƙasa mai laushi a cikin gandun daji mai haske da kuma raƙuman rana. Saboda kyawunta da yanayin rashin fassara, ana amfani dashi don yin ado da lambuna, lambuna da dabarun sirri. Tare da ɗan ƙaramin nau'in halitta, adadin nau'in kayan ado na palette wanda ba a saba gani ba ne babba.
Halayen Botanical
Weigela shine shuki mai yankewa tare da kafaffun, mai kwance mai tushe. Wani rhizome wanda aka sassaka shine yake ciyar da shi ba tare da hanyoyin kwance ba (stolons), don haka daji baya kama yankin da yake zaune kuma zai kasance m. Ana rufe da mai tushe tare da haushi mai launin ruwan kasa. Suna daga tushe daga tushe. M ganye ganye Suna da sihiri mai kyau tare da bangarorin da aka zana da kuma gefen nuna.
Weigela na fure sau biyu a shekara: a ƙarshen Mayu da watan Agusta. Fulawa tayi kimanin wata guda. Buds an kafa su a kan matasa kore da kuma lignified bara rassan. A cikin axils na ganye, fure furanni ko ƙananan goge na 2-6 buds sun bayyana. Alkalan kan gajarta ne ko kuma rashi gaba daya.
Corolla na madaidaiciyar tsari ya ƙunshi ƙananan fulawa guda biyar tare da nuna bakin. An zana su a cikin launuka masu launin fari, rawaya, ruwan hoda, ruwan hoda mai duhu ko shunayya. Sau da yawa, a kan lokaci, launin ya zama mai haske ko ƙari. A gindin, ciyafan suna samar da bututu mai fadi. Biyar na biyar tare da tsoffin matan da karamin shafi na kwai tare da sanya hankali karaya daga ciki. Tsawon fure da aka buɗe ya kai 5 cm.
Bayan pollination, ƙananan akwatunan bivalve tare da gefuna na woody masu wuya. Bã su da wata siffa mai banƙyama ko m tare da hanci mai fadi. A ciki akwai ƙananan ƙananan angular tsaba, lokaci-lokaci fuka-fuki.
Iri da nau'ikan Weigela
Gaba ɗaya, nau'ikan 15 sun haɗu a cikin halittar Weigela. Daga cikin waɗannan, kusan 7 ana amfani da su a al'ada. Amma bambance-bambancen da ke bambanta basu san iyaka ba kuma ana sabunta su koyaushe tare da sababbin samfurori.
Weigel Middendorff. Itataccen ciyayi mai tsiro mai tsiro mai zurfi ya girma a tsayi ta hanyar 1-1.5 m. Yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga sanyi kuma yana girma sosai da fure a cikin inuwa. A shuka yana hawa harbe. Ganyayyaki masu haske mai haske tare da jijiyoyin jiki suna pubescent. A watan Mayu da Satumba, furanni masu nunin furanni na 3-4 cm Ana tattara su a ƙarshen ƙananan harbe a cikin goge mai yawa na 2-6 kuma suna farin ciki da kyawun su na kwanaki 25-30. Corollas mai haske mai launin shuɗi yana lullube da lemuka mai ma'ana da tatsuniyoyi.
Blooming Weigela (Florida). Babban shrub (har zuwa 3 m ba ga tsawo) an rufe shi da duhu kore ganye tare da takaice petioles. Lian itacen ya ɗan lalace gefuna da tarin tatsuniya tare da tsakiyar jijiya. Ana tattara furanni masu launin ruwan hoda masu launin ruwan hoda a cikin sako-sako na inflorescences na 3-4 buds. Sun bayyana a watan Mayu kuma zasu wuce kwanaki 20. Iri:
- Weigela ja - daji mai yawa har zuwa 1.5 m ba ga tsayi yana girma duhu launin ja-ja ganye, kuma a tsakiyar watan Yuni na fure fure tare da fure mai ruwan hoda da tsakiyar rawaya;
- Nana purpurea - dwarf kwafin nau'ikan da ya gabata;
- Weigela ruwan hoda - daji mai yaduwa yana narke kananan furanni. A waje, furannin suna da ruwan hoda-carmine, kuma a cikin su akwai haske, kusan fari;
- Variegata - sanyi mai jure sanyi, kyakkyawa iri-iri tare da tsayin fure na 2-2.5 a cikin ƙananan (har zuwa 3.5 cm) furanni ruwan hoda mai haske;
- Orarancin baƙar fata shine dwarf, sannu a hankali girma tare da kore mai duhu, ganye mai launin shuɗi a duk lokacin bazara wanda aka rufe da furanni ruwan hoda mai duhu 25 mm a diamita;
- Alexandra - mai tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire tare da diamita na 1-1.5 m an rufe shi da matsakaicin burgundy ko duhu mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, a farkon rabin bazara yana buɗe karrarawa-ruwan hoda har zuwa 4 cm a diamita.
Matasan Weigela. A daji tare da kambi mai yawa ya girma zuwa 150 cm tsayi. Kyakkyawan furannin furanni tare da ƙanshin ƙanshi mai danshi a kanta. Ana mamaye launi da fari, ruwan hoda, purple, sautunan shuɗi. Iri:
- Bristol Ruby - a tsayi na 2.5 m, diamita na bishiyoyi sun kai mita 3.5. Ganyayyun ganyayyaki masu haske suna girma a jikin rassan, kuma a ƙarshen Yuni furanni tubular sun bayyana. A kan fure furannin akwai iyaka da yaƙutu da tabo mai zaki a gindi.
- Red Prince - daji mai yaduwa har zuwa 1.5 m high ya ƙunshi drooping harbe tare da kore ganye. Furenninta masu haske ja, babba.
- Eva Ratke - karamin daji wanda ke da girman 50-60 cm a watan Yuni-Agusta an rufe shi da furanni masu ruwan tubular mai launuka masu launuka masu launin shuda-jan.
- Nana variegata karamin komputa ne Weigela tare da rasberi ko fararen furanni-shuɗi, da aka tattara cikin gogewar ganye na 3-4.
- Cardinal babban tsire-tsire ne da fure mai dusar ƙanƙara mai yawan dusar ƙanƙara.
- Weigela yana da launin ja-goge - ganyen zaitun mai haske a tsakiyar yana da tabo mai launin ja.
- Carnival - wani daji mai zurfi na 50-70 cm mai tsayi tare da ganye mai haske mai haske a cikin watan Yuni-Yuli na fure tubular purple-ja furanni.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Weigels suna amfani da tsaba ko ƙwaya domin yaduwa. Don shuka, tsaba har zuwa shekara 1 ya kamata a ɗauka. Wannan hanyar ta dace da yaduwar tsirrai iri daban-daban, tunda haruffan halayyar suna iya rarrabewa cikin sauƙi. Amfanin gona za a iya za'ayi nan da nan a bude ƙasa a cikin fall ko a farkon spring a cikin tukwane tare da sako-sako da m ƙasa. Lokacin da harbe-harbe masu ƙauna tare da ganye guda biyu suna bayyana, an daskare su kuma an fitar dasu. Bayan shekara guda, tsirrai zasu girma 6-7 cm tsayi kuma zasu sami ganyayyaki 6-8. Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa tsire-tsire ba su da kauri sosai ba, in ba haka ba rhizomes zasu rikita su. Daga shekara ta biyu, ana iya dasa weigel a cikin ƙasa a buɗe. Ga matasa tsire-tsire, kariya daga sanyi hunturu yana da mahimmanci. A shekaru biyu, tsirar za ta girma zuwa 40-50 cm tsayi, kuma za a fara yin fure ne daga shekaru 4.
Don yaduwa, weigels ta katako suna amfani da kore-manyan lignified harbe. An yanke su a lokacin rani. Kowane reshe yakamata ya sami nodes 2. Bayan yankan, ana cire ganyen ko a gajarta da 30-50%. Don awanni 1-2, ana sanya tsiran a cikin ruwan dumi na yau da kullun, sannan a bi da shi tare da haɗawar tushen-heteroauxin na tsawon awanni 12. A wannan matakin, ana sa su a wuri mai duhu tare da zazzabi na + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Sa'an nan ana dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa yashi. Yayyafa ƙasa a saman tare da yanki na yashin kogin kuma rufe dasa tare da fim don tasirin greenhouse. Ana yin ruwa sau biyu a rana. Yawancin lokaci duk kayan shuka suna kafe.
Don dasa cuttings lignified cuttings, suna yanka a watan Afrilu, kafin a buɗe ayoyin. Tsawon rassan shine 15-20 cm Bayan an yi magani tare da Kornevin, ana dasa filayen a cikin tukwane da yashi da turfy ƙasa. An rufe su da fim. Rooting yana faruwa a cikin 'yan makonni, amma tare da ƙarancin tasiri. Bayan wata daya, da sprouts tsunkule, sa'an nan kuma ana ciyar da su da wani kwayoyin ko ma'adinai abun da ke ciki (mullein, superphosphate, ammonium nitrate). An shuka tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin lambu.
Saukowa da wuri
Weigel ya dauko wani yanki mai cike da hasken lantarki, mai tsari. Daga zayyana da iska mai sanyi na iska, buds ta faɗi ba tare da nunawa ba. A kasar gona ya zama sako-sako, m da isasshen m. Zai iya zama loam da yashi tare da loam tare da tsaka tsaki ko ɗanɗanar alkaline dan kadan. Weigel Middendorff ne kawai ke dacewa sosai don ƙasan peaty ƙasa na acidic.
A cikin lambun, yana da kyau ka ɗauki tsirrai daga shekaru 3. Ana yin filaye a farkon bazara, kafin a buɗe ayoyin. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kaka, weigel wani lokaci bashi da lokacin daidaitawa kuma ya mutu a lokacin sanyi. Don dasa shuki, an shirya ramuka mai zurfin na 30 cm cm 7. Ana shimfiɗa matattarar tsakuwa ko shards a ƙasa. Samun sararin samaniya yana cike da ƙasa tare da ƙari na takin da nitrophosphate (har zuwa 100 g kowace daji).
A cikin plantings na rukuni, nisan yana dogara da tsawo na musamman iri-iri. Yana daga 80 cm zuwa 1.5-2 m. Rhizomes ana shimfida su cikin tsari sosai kuma ana haɗa su. Tushen tushe ya kamata ya kasance a farfajiya ko ya zurfafa ta 1-2 cm. A ƙarshen dasa, aiwatar da wadataccen ruwa kuma ciyawa ƙasa gaba ɗaya.
Siffofin Kulawa
Weigela ba shi da ma'ana, kula da ita ba zai yi wahala sosai ba. Ana shayar da tsirrai kawai tare da tsawan tsawan rami kuma a ranakun zafi. Lokaci-lokaci, sako shafin kuma cire ciyayi. Wannan ya kamata ayi shi da hankali, tunda tushen tsarin yana kusa da farfajiya.
Bayan dasawa tare da hadi da shekara biyu, weigel ba ya haduwa. To, a cikin bazara yi rabon taki ma'adinai (ammofoska, diammofoska). A farkon bazara, a lokacin lokacin bud'e, ana shayar da bushes tare da bayani na potassium sulfate ko superphosphate. A lokacin tonon kaka, an gabatar da ash ash (200 g / m²) ko Kemira a cikin da'irar akwati.
Weigel yana buƙatar pruning na yau da kullun don kiyaye shi kyakkyawa. A cikin bazara gudanar da tsabtace tsabta. An karye rassan da daskararre. A lokacin rani, kambi na thinned kuma mai siffa. A lokacin girkin bazara, kawai an cire wani ɓangare na rassan, saboda maimaita fure saboda ƙuruciya ne. Kowane shekaru 3-4, dole ne a sake farfado da bushes. Don yin wannan, cire kusan 30% na rassan. An sare su a ƙasa. Wani lokacin suna aiwatar da cikakken yankan daji. Damuwa game da sabunta kambi ba shi da daraja, Weigela ya haƙura da kowane irin aski.
A cikin kaka, an shirya Weigela don lokacin hunturu. Bayan faduwar ganye, an yayyafa da'irar gangar jikin tare da ƙasa tare da mulched. An ɗaure kambi na tsire-tsire masu ƙauna tare da igiya tare da rufe da kayan da ba a saka ba ko kayan rufin. An gyara tsarin, saman kuma an rufe shi da ganye. A cikin hunturu, ana bada shawara a tattake dusar ƙanƙara a kusa da tushen domin ƙwanƙolin kar su lalata harbe.
Yawancin lokaci, weigela yana tsayayya da cututtukan shuka. Idan wurin da aka zaɓa yayi inuwa da danshi, launin toka, tsatsa ko tabo na iya haɓaka. "Topsin" ko ruwa na Bordeaux (cakuda lemun tsami tare da sulfate na tagulla) yana taimakawa wajen jimre naman naman gwari. Ana yin rigakafin hana jiyya kafin bud'ewa.
Daga cikin mafi yawan parasites masu ba da haushi don Weigela, aphids, caterpillars, thrips, da kuma gizo-gizo mafi rinjaye. Lokacin da kwari suka bayyana, ana kula da ƙasa da harbe tare da maganin kashe kwari (Aktara, Karbofos). Hakanan zaka iya amfani da shirye-shirye na ganye (jiko na tafarnuwa, tsutsa). Wani lokacin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ne kawai suka fara bushewa. Dalilin wannan shine bears ko larvae na May irin ƙwaro. Suna fada cikin ƙasa da taki. Suna kuma taimakawa yawaita ruwa tare da maganin kashe kwari.
Amfani da lambun
Ana amfani da bushes na Weigel a cikin rukuni da kuma shuka iri a cikin wuraren bude ciyawa, tare da tsarewa, a ƙofar gonar ko kusa da gidan. Hakanan ana amfani da su don rarrafe, tsara zane-zanen tsinkaye ko kuma wani lambu mai kyawawan yaren Jafananci. Za'a iya haɗa Weigela tare da sauran tsintsaye, kamar su barberry, cotoneaster, spirea, cypress.
