Dasa inabi a cikin damina a madadin bazara: menene amfanin?

Yawancin mashaya giya sun fi son dasa shuki, saboda yana bada tabbacin rayuwar seedling kuma yana kawar da daskarewa a cikin hunturu. Koyaya, an ba da shawara ga masanan lambu da su shuka inabi a cikin kaka. Ana iya magance matsalar daskarewa ta ƙungiyar masu mafaka, saboda haka ba karamar matsala ba ce ga tsarin kaka. Amincewa da shawarwari akan lokacin da fasahar dasa shuki, shuka tayi nasara sosai kuma a farkon bazara ya fara girma.

Dasa inabi a cikin kaka: fa'idodi da rashin amfani

Kyakkyawan dasa inabi zai ba mai gonar kyakkyawan girbi

Kuna iya shuka inabi a cikin ƙasa a kowane lokaci mai zafi na shekara. Yawancin lambu suna fi son yin wannan a cikin bazara, saboda a lokacin girma seedlings suna da lokaci don ɗauka tushe kuma shirya don hunturu.

Koyaya, dasa shuki yana da fa'idodi masu yawa:

• 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin wannan lokaci na shekara sun faɗi cikin yanayin hutawa, don haka seedlingsan seedlings ke shugabantar da dukkan kuzari zuwa samuwar Tushen tushen. Bayan haka, wannan yana da nasaba da yawan amfanin itacen inabi.
• Bayan tashi daga rashin hankali, tsire-tsire da aka dasa a faɗo suna karɓar abinci mai yawa da danshi, don haka suka fara haɓaka.
• Kasuwancin yana da zaɓi mai yawa na dasa kayan gona a farashin da yake ƙasa ƙasa da lokacin bazara.
• Magana game da dasa fasaha da kuma tsari mai kyau, seedlings hunturu a amince, bunkasa rigakafi mai ƙarfi. Shuke-shuke da taurarewar sanyi sun zama tsayayya da cututtukan halayyar al'ada.

Akwai guda ɗaya kawai da aka sake dasa don dasa shuki - haɗarin kwatsam farawa na sanyi, sabanin hasashen yanayi.

Autumn dasa kwanakin

Lokacin zabar ranar girbi innabi, yana da mahimmanci la'akari da yanayin yankin

Lokacin zabar lokacin girbin innabi, ya zama dole la'akari da yanayin yanayin yankin. Lokaci yana lissafta ta hanyar da cewa kafin farkon farkon frosts 1-1.5 watanni: wannan zai isa ya daidaita da seedling a cikin ƙasa. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki shine + 15 ... 16 ° C yayin rana, + 5 ... 6 ° C da dare.

Kwanaki na aiki ta yanki: tebur

Shiri

Inabi ba wai kawai yana bayar da girbi mai yawa ba, har ma yana yin ado da lambun da orchard

Ofaya daga cikin mahimman fa'idodin dasa shuki a cikin bazara shine ikon yin zaɓi da wani shafi da shirya shi don aikin.

Zaɓin wurin da kuma shirye-shiryen ƙasa

Don shuka kyawawan inabi, yana da mahimmanci sanya shi daidai akan wurin

Tsararren tsari na inabõbi a shafin shine ɗayan manyan yanayi don samun wadatar amfanin ƙasa. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine gefen kudu na gidan, shinge ko ginin.. Tare da wannan tsari, za a yi amfani da itacen inabin duk rana, kuma iska ba zata lalata shi ba. Ba za ku iya dasa al'adar thermophilic a cikin ƙananan kwari ko kwari ba, saboda a can zazzabi da dare ya faɗi ƙasa da duka.

Inabi na bukatar sako-sako da ƙasa mai gina jiki. Black ƙasa da loam suna da kyau. Ba za ku iya dasa itacen inabin a cikin m, yumɓu ƙasa. Musamman haɗari shine wuri a kan wani mãkirci na ruwan karkashin ƙasa sama da 1.5 m daga asalin sa.

Koda ingantacciyar ƙasa, ƙasa mai laushi dole ne a inganta ta ƙara kwayoyin halitta da takin ma'adinai. Idan ƙasa ta kasance acidic, ƙara lemun tsami ko gari mai dolomite. An ƙara yashi kogin zuwa ƙasa na peat - buhu 2 a kowace murabba'in mita.

Zabi da kuma shirin dasa kayan

Kayan lambu na yaduwar ganyayyaki na hanzarta aiwatar da samun sabon itacen inabi idan aka kwatanta da dasa shuki

Zaku iya samun sabon tsiro irin shuka daga seedling da aka samu ko kuma shi mai girma. Abubuwan dasa kayan ingancin suna da fasali masu zuwa:

• 'Ya'yan itace na farko shekara 1: tsofaffin samfurori sun jure da dasawar da zafi sosai.
• Tserewa daga 20 cm tsayi da 5 mm lokacin farin ciki akan yanke. Babu lalacewa ko alamun rashin lafiya.
• Kyakkyawan haɓaka, mai sassauƙa, fararen fata a cikin sare da aka yanke a cikin adadin akalla guda 3.
• Kodan ya girma a cikin adadin guda 4.
• Ganyen kore ba tare da alamun wilting, murguda baki da lalacewar ganye.

Mahimmanci! Zaku iya siyan seedling bai wuce kwanaki 2-3 kafin dasawa. Dogon tushe daga cikin iska yana haifar da wuce gona da iri kuma yana cutar da ci gaba mai zuwa.

Kafin dasa, an yanke kambi daga seedling kuma an bushe Tushen da aka lalace. Daga nan sai a kama tushen kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin lokacin haɓaka kuma ka cire dukkan sassan da ke ƙafewa daga ƙarƙashin gindin ƙasa. Tsawon Tushen bayan datsa ya zama bai wuce 15 cm ba.

Wannan dabarar tana inganta jigon Tushen kuma yana hana kwalliyarsu lokacin shuka. Bayan pruning, seedling yana soaked tsawon sa'o'i 24 a cikin ruwa mai tsabta, sannan a cikin maganin tushen abin ƙarfafa (Zircon, Kornevin, Heteroauxin).

Umarnin saukarwa

Yana da mahimmanci a dasa inabi mai zurfi don kare shi daga sanyi

Zaku iya samun sabon kwafin itacen inabin ta hanyar dasa shuki, dasa itace ko itacen chubuk.

'Yayan itace

Wannan hanyar saukowa tana buƙatar shirin rami a gaba

Mataki na farko na dasa inabi a cikin kaka tare da seedlings shine shiri rami tare da diamita da zurfin 80 cm:

1. Da farko, an cire babban m 40 cm high, sannan ƙananan. An shimfiɗa ƙasa a wurare daban-daban.
2. An saka magudana a kasan ramin: tubalin da ya fashe, yumɓu da aka lalace.
3. An shirya cakuda mai gina jiki daga ƙasa na babban Layer ta hanyar haɗa abubuwa masu zuwa a ciki:
   • Buhu 3 na humus ko takin;
   • 150 g na potassium gishiri;
   • 250 g na superphosphate;
   • 2 kilogiram na itace ash.
4. Thirdaya bisa uku na ramin yana cike da cakuda kuma an zuba guga na ruwa domin ƙasa ta zauna.

Nan da nan fara saukowa a cikin makonni 2-3:

1. A tsakiyar ramin, an kafa gungumen azabtar da mai tserewa a nan gaba. An zuba wani yanki na cakuda abinci mai gina jiki kusa da shi.
2. An shirya seedling wanda aka shirya akan tudun ƙasa. An sanya Tushen a gefuna a kusurwar 45 digiri: wannan matsayin zai hana su lanƙwasa sama.
3. A hankali ramin yana cike da ƙasa, yana cakuda kowane yanki. Tushen wuya na seedling ya kamata flush tare da farfajiya.
4. Bayan dasa, ana shuka shayar da yalwa, an cika farfajiya tare da peat, humus ko ƙasa mai bushe.

Yankan

Ana buƙatar yin yankan a lokacin girkin bazara

Itaciya itace ta kurangar inabi ce wacce ake yankar shi zuwa wani nau'in buds daban. Irin wannan kayan dasawa ya kasance cikin yalwa bayan girkin bazara. A matsayinka na mai mulki, an zaɓi mafi girman ci gaba kuma an zaɓi sashi na sama tare da ƙwararrun 3-4 na itace daga ciki. Rage jerin:

1. Tona toka mai tsayi 25-30 cm tsayi.
2. Ana zuba wani yanki na humus a ƙasan, a saman shine ɗan ƙasa mai gina jiki.
3. An sanya yankan a nesa na 15-20 cm daga juna tare da karkata zuwa kudu. An binne kodan 2 a cikin ƙasa, sauran kuma an bar su a saman farfajiya.
4. Shayar da tare mahara tare da ruwan dumi.
5. An yanke yankan da kwalabe na filastik ko fim akan sabbin abubuwan da aka riga aka shigar. Irin wannan rufin zai taimaka wajen kula da yanayin zafi mai kyau da kuma zazzabi don tushen ayyukan saukan aiki cikin sauri.

Tricksarin dabaru da asirai don aiki tare da ƙwallafa daga tsararrun mashaya a cikin labarin: //diz-cafe.com/sad-ogorod/vyirashhivanie-vinograda-iz-cherenkov.html

Chubukami

Zai fi kyau a zaɓi chubuki mai santsi don kada su ɗauki sarari da yawa

Chubuki kananan shimfida ne na itacen inabi tare da fure mai yawa. Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai budewa, ana fara shuka su a cikin daki ko greenhouse a zazzabi na + 24 ... 26^oC:

1. Yanke Chubuki na tsawon awanni 3-4 da aka sanya shi cikin mawuyacin bayani na potassiumganganate. Sannan a wanke ya bushe.
2. Yanke sassa na sama da ƙananan ta 1-2 cm kuma sanya chubuki a cikin maganin tushen haɓaka ("Kornevin", "Zircon") na tsawon kwanaki 2-3.
3. Mataki na ƙarshe na germination shine shigarwa cikin ruwa mai tsabta.
4. Chubuki ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa bayan buɗewar tushen asalinsu cm cm cm 7. Fasahar tana kama da dasa shuki.

Kula da 'ya'yan inabi masu shuka kafin hunturu

Yana da mahimmanci kula da 'ya'yan itacen inabi da aka shuka kafin farkon hunturu da kuma rufe shi don kare shi daga sanyi

Kula da shuki da bishiyoyi sun haɗa da shayarwa da kwance ƙasa. Fertilizing matasa tsire-tsire ba a bukata.

Da farko na m sanyaya, tabbata a karkashin tsire-tsire ne mulched da bushe ciyawa, hay, sawdust, humus. Tsarin Layer 10-15 cm.

A cikin tsammanin sanyi, an rufe gonar inabin ta agrofibre, ta ajiye shi akan firam ɗin da aka kafa. Ofayan zaɓuɓɓukan mafaka shine shigowar kayan rufin gidan. Irin wannan rufin zai dogara da aminci ya tsare inabi daga sanyi da hana fashewar da harbe.

Magana game da dasa kayan fasaha da tsari mai dacewa, youngan tsire-tsire sun sami nasarar nasarar hunturu kuma fara ciyayi mai fara tashi a cikin bazara. Seedlingsaya daga cikin shekaru seedlings zai ba da amfanin gona na farko a cikin shekaru 2.