Berries da kasuwanci: girma strawberries a cikin greenhouse duk shekara zagaye tare da tabbatacce riba

Fresh strawberries suna da dadi da lafiyaDuk da haka, za ku iya ji dadin shi kawai 'yan watanni a shekara.

Babban buƙatar - hujja mai mahimmanci domin gina kasuwancinka na kasuwanci.

Idan kuna girma cikin strawberries a cikin greenhouse, za ku iya samar da iyali tare da sabo ne berries yin kudi mai kyau.

Abin da greenhouse ya dace?

Kyakkyawan don girma strawberries dace greenhouse na karfe framesheathed a polycarbonate zanen gado. Manoma sun fi dacewa wajen gina gine-gine masu tsaka-tsaki (100 - 120 sq. M.). Ana iya maye gurbin polycarbonate tare da nau'i na biyu na filastik filastik, amma wannan shafi zai kasance a cikin shekaru 1-2.

Large greenhouses sau da yawa amfani da greenhouses a kan karfe frame rufe tare da gilashi. Ginin shimfidar ruji ya samar haske mai kyau kuma bai tsaya cikin dusar ƙanƙara ba. Gilashin yana riƙe da zafi sosai, amma yana da muhimmanci fiye da fim da polycarbonate.

Tsarin tumatir suna girma cikin yanayin masana'antu a hanya mai shiryayyu, ko suna amfani da fasahar fasaha ta dakatar da fasaha. Masana'antu na masana'antu don strawberries tare da irin wannan saitin suna adana sararin samaniya da kuma samar da girbi. Haka kuma yana yiwuwa a dasa bishiyoyi strawberry kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa.

Hanyoyin fasaha na Hydroponic rage farashin, amma muhimmanci worsen da dandano na berries. Suna samun halayyar ruwa mai haɗari kuma sun rasa dandano. Don ajiyewa a kan dumama zai taimaka greenhouse tare da bango bango, an yi masa layi tare da shinge cinder. Kullum yawan garun arewacin ya zama kurma.

Kwayoyin suna iya kare greenhouse daga iska mai sanyi, Bugu da ƙari, za su iya samar da ƙararrawa akan ka'idar hasken rana. Greenhouse ya zama sanye take da tsarin iska kuma drip ban ruwa, haske mai kyau.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da kasuwanci

Kasuwanci a kan girma strawberries a cikin greenhouse yana da amfani mai yawawanda ya sa ya fi dacewa da sababbin sababbin.

1. Strawberries suna shahara. Ana saye shi da sauri daga duka masu amfani da ƙananan, da shagunan kantin sayar da abinci.
2. Low gasar, strawberries a cikin isasshen yawa ba a kasuwa ba fiye da 3 watanni a shekara.
3. Ana shigo da berries sun fi dacewa a dandano da ƙanshi ga kayan gida dake girma a cikin ƙasa.
4. A cikin lokacin hunturu, bazarar farashin strawberries ya karu sosai.

Daga cikin rashin amfani Kasuwanci za a iya lura da su:

• kudin gina da kayan aiki na greenhouses;
• high Kudin wutar lantarki don dumama;
• buƙatar yin rajistar haɗin gwiwar shari'a don aiki tare da shaguna;
• a lokacin rani, raguwa a kan samfurori ya rage.

Bambancin zaɓi

Ga namo a cikin greenhouse ne manufa remontant strawberries cewa ba sa bukatar pollination. A farkon ƙasa za'a iya dasa su a farkon farkon iri.

Yana da muhimmanci a zabi zaɓuɓɓuka tare da isasshen ƙananan berries, da jigilar sufuri. Masu amfani fi son masu launin manyan launuka masu haske ainihin tsari tare da ƙanshi mai kyau.

Daga cikin mafi mashahuri iri:

1. Alba. Ƙaramin tsirrai da yawan amfanin ƙasa mai kyau. Na farko iri-iri, resistant zuwa cututtuka. Yawan sunaye ne mai haske, mai kyau a cikin siffarsa, da kyau kuma suna riƙe da kyakkyawar bayyanuwa na lokaci mai tsawo (duba hoton da ke ƙasa).






2. Darenka. Daban iri-iri na Rasha, mai yuwa ga cututtukan fungal da kwari. A berries suna da manyan, ja, suna da dadi dandano da kyau kyau (duba photo a kasa).






3. Sa'a. Very farkon iri-iri, dace da greenhouses da bude ƙasa. Yana bada kyakkyawan ƙwaya, berries suna da yawa kuma suna da ƙanshi, ba su da katsewa a lokacin sufuri.
4. Sonata. Berry m da m tare da dandano mai dadi da haske ƙanshi. Daban-daban yana jure yanayin sauyin yanayi, ya dace da kwari (duba hoto a kasa).






5. Rusanovskaya. Tsarin iri iri a cikin mai shukar mai shukar zai iya samar da girbi a kowace shekara. A berries ripen tare, suna da launi mai launi da kuma kyakkyawan siffar taso keya. An kiyaye shi.
6. Honey. Da farko farkon iri-iri, berries suna manyan, mai haske ja, conical in siffar, da arziki mai dadi-m dandano da m ƙanshi. Hanyoyin iri-iri suna jurewa da yawan sauyin yanayi, amma yana kula da nauyin farashin ƙasa (duba hoto a kasa).

Ma'aikata da kwarewa a greenhouses sun bada shawarar zabar iri na Rasha, Yaren mutanen Holland, Amurka da Yaren mutanen Poland kiwo. Suna zaune lafiya a cikin ƙasa, ba su da lafiya kuma suna ba da kyau.

Ka'idojin Kayan Goma

Duk da haka a karkashin gina greenhouses yana da muhimmanci muyi tunanin tsarin dumama. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shi ne haɗuwa da man fetur tare da fitilar wucin gadi. Ana amfani da kebul na infrared ko bututu, ta hanyar iska mai dumi, an ajiye shi a karkashin kasa. Don dumama, za ka iya amfani da tukunyar lantarki ko wani fanfire, kazalika da daji.

Shirya biofuelsta hanyar haɗuwa da doki, naman alade ko goat dung tare da bambaro, tare da cakuda ruwan da ruwa, ya rufe tare da tsare da barin wasu kwanaki. Rashin mutuwar lalacewa ya kasance ƙarƙashin saman Layer na ƙasa. Wannan cakuda yana kula da wutar lantarki har zuwa 25ºC.

A cakuda superphosphate da potassium chloride ya dace don ingantawa da acidity. Dole ne a sassauta ƙasa a hankali.

Don fasaha ta dakatar, zaka iya amfani da cakuda peat-pearlitic, wanda dole ne a yi steamed. An zuba kayan da aka shirya a cikin hannayen filastik kuma an sanya su a kan rassan da aka sanya tare da ganuwar greenhouse. Gina na gina jiki da cakuda yana riƙe da danshi da kyau kuma accelerates ci gaban strawberry bushes. A Dutch tsarin qara yawan amfanin ƙasa na strawberries, ba ka damar cire 8 kilogiram na berries daga daya hannun riga.

Care Strawberry

Ana shuka itatuwan a cikin greenhouse. Lokacin yin amfani da fasaha ta dakatar da fasahar Dutch, an sanya kowane daji a cikin tukunya mai mahimmanci da aka cike da ƙurar na gina jiki. A lokacin da aka shuka a cikin ƙasa bushes sanya a cikin layuka tare da nisa na 30-45 cm. Don inganta watering da kuma kula da matakin da ake buƙata a cikin gine-gine, dole a shigar da tsarin tsaftacewa ta atomatik.

Ƙasa ba za ta bushe ba, duk da haka ambaliyar ruwa ba ta iya yarda ba. Rashin ruwa a cikin ƙasa yana haifar da cutar gubar mai, wanda zai iya rushe amfanin gona. Humidity a cikin greenhouse kada ya fada a kasa 80%. Bayan da bishiyoyi suka samo tushe, kana buƙatar kwantar da cikin dakin yau da kullum.

Kowace mako ana buƙatar yin amfani da ma'adinai: ammonium nitrate diluted a ruwa da potassium chloride. Bayan fara bukatar flowering sannu a hankali ƙara yawan zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse, zai kara hanzarta ripening daga cikin berries, sa su dandano mai haske da arziki.

Ƙididdiga don samun kudin shiga da kuma kudi

Kafin fara aiki, an tsara cikakken tsarin kasuwanci don la'akari abubuwan masu zuwa da kuma samar da kudaden shiga. Jerin kudi dole ne ya hada da:

• kaya ko sayan ƙasa;
• kayan gini don greenhouses da kuma kudin da aka gina;
• kayan aiki na greenhouse (tsarin iska, ban ruwa, hasken rana);
• sayen kayan shuka, takin mai magani da kwari;
• halin kaka na sufuri;
• rajista na ƙungiyar shari'a (wajibi ne don yin aiki tare da sakin layi);
• albashi ma'aikata haya.

Shuka strawberries a cikin wani gine-gine a duk shekara a matsayin kasuwanci mai tsada ga mai ciniki.

Rage halin kaka zai taimaka:

• amfani da man fetur hade;
• girma seedlings a kansu, daga tsaba;
• hasarar aikin aiki;
• Sauya polycarbonate don rufe greenhouse tare da fim mai rahusa.

Ƙididdige kuɗin da aka kiyasta daga gonar. Tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa na 5 kg ta 1 square. m za a iya cire daga kilogiram 400 na berries. Farashin sayen farashi ya kai 600 rubles a kowace kilogram. Farashin ya bambanta a shekara ta 200 zuwa 800 rubles a kowace kg, dangane da lokacin shekara. Ta haka ne, riba daga wata greenhouse za su yi 240 000 rubles a wata. Amfani da strawberry business a cikin greenhouse - daga 50%.

A cikin hunturu, haɗin kan kan Berry yana karuwa da sau 1.5. Wannan shi ne saboda raguwar karuwar samarwa da karfin da ake bukata daga yan kasuwa. Duk da haka, yana da darajar yin la'akari da cewa farashin zafi a wannan lokacin yana karuwa.

Mutane da yawa manoma sun ƙi daga girma strawberries a cikin hunturu, fi son shuka da kuma tsoma lokaci na tsawon lokacin har zuwa Nuwamba.

Idan ka yanke shawara ka shiga wani kasuwanci na girma furanni, ganye, cucumbers, tumatir ko wasu kayan lambu a cikin greenhouse, sa'an nan kuma duba articles a kan website.

Kasuwancin da suka yanke shawarar shuka strawberries a cikin hunturu ya kamata su ci gaba sanya takardun kwangila tare da kasuwancin kasuwanci da kamfanoni cin abinci. Wannan zai taimaka wajen rage yawan ƙin yarda da kuma samun kudin shiga.