Kowane mutum na iya girma tumatir kuma ya sami girbi mai kyau a rukuninsu. Noma na aikin gona yana buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullun, wanda ke birkitawa ba kawai ga lokacin shayarwa ba, kayan miya, amma har zuwa pinching. 'Yan lambu masu novice suna yin watsi da wannan aikin kawai saboda basu fahimci abin da yake ba kuma yadda ake aiwatar dashi.
Abin da ke pinching
Amfani da-Taka-kasa a fagen kayan lambu ana kiransa da dabarar agrotechnical, wanda akayi nufin kara samar da tumatir ko wasu albarkatu. Hanyar tana ba da gudummawa ga ingantacciyar ci gaba na bushes sakamakon kyakkyawan yanayin samuwar sa. Taron ya ƙunshi cire superfluous, amma cin abinci mai gina jiki, twigs. Tumatir suna ɗaya daga cikin amfanin gona na lambu, wanda aka nuna shi ta hanyar sanya alamar bushes.
Kamar yadda tsire-tsire ke tsiro daga sinus na ganye, tafiyar matakai a gefe da ake kira stepons suna farawa. An dauke su marasa amfani saboda suna cire abinci mai kyau daga 'ya'yan itacen. Gudanar da aikin pinching, ba za ku iya kawai samar da tsire-tsire daidai ba, har ma da haɓaka yawan aiki, tunda rassan fruiting kawai suke kan daji. Idan baku da batun bushes to pruning, mai yawa kore taro ke tsiro zuwa lalata amfanin amfanin gona. Tunda hanyar yin matakai na iya samun tsari daban-daban, yakamata a yi amfani da wannan dabaru cikin cikakken bayani.
Cire stepan uwa yana ƙara yawan amfanin gona
Lokacin da tumatir mataki a ciki
Tunda ana iya ganin childrena stepan ɗan fari har ma a cikin seedlings, ya kamata a cire su nan da nan bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa. Tsarin gewaye a wannan lokacin yayi gajeru kuma na bakin ciki, kuma tsirrai zasu jimre da cirewar su cikin sauki. Hanyar pinching abu ne mai cin lokaci sosai, musamman idan adadin tumatir yayi girma. Yanke harbe marasa amfani ana bada shawarar da safe, saboda kafin abincin rana rassan suyi sauki sosai, kuma rauni ya warkar da sauri. Zai fi kyau aiwatar da aikin daga sa'o'i 9 zuwa 11, bayan wannan kuna buƙatar danƙa ƙura da ƙasa.
Lokacin cire matakai a lokacin fure, ana bada shawara don girgiza bushes na farko, wanda zai ba da gudummawa ga mafi kyawun pollination na tsire-tsire makwabta.
Dole ne a sa tumatir a kowane mako kuma a cire harbe har sai sun girma da girma. Lokacin da ake cire manyan rassa, wannan zai zama da damuwa ga shuka, wanda hakan zai cutar da amfanin gona kuma yana iya haifar da rauni. A cikin tumatir da aka girma a cikin greenhouse, ana cire matakai a kowane kwana na 6-8, a cikin ƙasa mara kariya - bayan kwanaki 10-12. Yana da mahimmanci kada a bada tsawon lokacin harbe har sama da cm 5. Idan kana son samun manyan 'ya'yan itace da girbi mai kyau, dole ne a aiwatar da aikin a duk lokacin bazara. Harbe da ake buƙata ba mafi girma ba duk bayan samuwar inflorescences na farko, wanda ke buƙatar bincike na kusa da tsire-tsire.
Yadda ake bambance tsattsage daga gogewar 'ya'yan itace
Lokacin cropping, kuna buƙatar sanin ainihin abin da za'a share. In ba haka ba, zaku iya yanke goge fure, a sakamakon abin da yawan amfanin daji zai ragu. Don hana kurakurai, a hankali bincika hanyar da aka kuɓuta. Manyan bambance-bambance na matakan shine:
- koda akan karamin tsari na gero akwai ganyayyaki, yayin da a hannu ake lura da furannin furanni;
- Furen fure bai tsiro daga sinus din ganye ba, amma yakan fara girma daga tushe.
Idan akwai matsaloli wajen tantancewa a kaikaice, an barshi shi kadai na kwana ɗaya, bayan haka bambancin dake tsakanin ƙasan ƙafa da goga zai zama sananne ne sosai.
Stepson a kan tumatir: 1 - babban tushe na shuka; 2 - takardar; 3 - stepon (harbi na gefe); 4 - goge fure
Yadda za a tumatir tumatir
Tun da ƙaddara buƙata da lokacin aikin, kuna buƙatar shirya kayan aiki, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman datti ko almakashi. Hanyoyin zasu iya karya tare da yatsunsu, amma a wannan yanayin zaka buƙaci safofin hannu na roba. Idan ana amfani da kayan aiki, ya kamata a kula da shi don kaɗa shi, wanda zai guji mummunar lalacewar tsirrai. Bugu da kari, dole ne a lalata kayan aikin bayan kowane daji, tunda kwayoyin cuta zasu iya shiga saurin budewa. A matsayin maganin hana daukar ciki, ana amfani da daskararren potassium (1-2%).
Ana ɗaukar matakan matakai kamar haka:
- Ana amfani da appendix a hankali tsakanin fihirisa da yatsa.
Don cire mtsn, ya dunƙule tsakanin babban yatsa da babban yatsa
- A hankali kunna murza zuwa garesu har sai ya fashe. Idan ana amfani da kayan aiki, toshe tsiro ya rabu cikin daji ta hanyar motsawa mai sauri da kaifi. Yankin ya kamata ya zama mai santsi kuma daidai. Idan gefuna sun tsage, warkarwa mai rauni zai zama mai tsawo. Bugu da kari, hadarin kamuwa da cuta zai karu.
- A wani daji a lokaci guda ba a cire daskararru uku ba, in ba haka ba al'adar za ta bushe da rauni. Tare da tsari mai yawa, ana aiwatar da bikin a cikin mako, yayin farawa tare da manyan matakai, a hankali cire ƙananan kuma.
Ya kamata a cire Stepsons a hankali, fara da babba kuma yana ƙare tare da ƙarami
- Karye rassan an saka a cikin guga kuma an cire su daga shafin nesa, kamar yadda matakai a cikin kusancin bushes ɗin ke tsokanar jujjuya, sakamakon bayyanar cututtuka.
Tsarin ya rabu da mahaifiyar daji domin karamin dungu ya zama santimita 0,5, wanda hakan ya fitar da bayyanar sabon saiti a wuri guda.
Bidiyo: rarraba jiki da tumatir
Mataki-mataki-Mataki
Kuna iya cire harbe da yawa a kan tumatir ta hanyoyi da yawa. Zabi nasu ya dogara da adadin rassan da aka shirya za a bari a daji. Ana iya aiwatar da hanyar gwargwadon ɗayan makircin:
- A cikin ƙaya ɗaya. Wannan hanyar ta ƙunshi cire duk matakai, yayin da tushe guda ɗaya kawai ya rage don samar da 'ya'yan itãcen. A wannan yanayin, daji yakan ci gaba da sauri, 'ya'yan itãcen girma. Rashin daidaituwa ya haɗa da buƙatar yin amfani da tallafi wanda aka dasa inji. Idan bakayi sakaci da tying, babban harbi zai fashe ne a karkashin nauyin 'ya'yan itacen.
- A cikin mai tushe guda biyu. Tare da wannan samuwar, ban da babban tushe, an bar wani tsari. Duk sauran rassan suna ƙarƙashin cirewa. Kamar yadda gefen harbi, zaɓi mafi ƙarfi da kasancewa a ƙarƙashin goga na farko.
- A cikin mai tushe 3. Centralan wasan tsakiya da na matakai biyu sun ragu akan daji. Ta wannan hanyar, an zaɓi ɗanɗanar fure kusa da ƙananan inflorescence kuma an samo wani reshe mai ƙarfi kusa, kuma duk an yanke sauran.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don dasa tumatir
Samuwar tumatir dangane da nau'in
Don cikar bayanin yadda ake magana da al'adar pinching cikin al'adun da ake tambaya, yana da kyau a lura cewa tumatir ya kasu kashi da dama, ga kowane ɗayan yana da nasa makirci don cire hanyoyin:
- iri iri
- iri daban-daban;
- Semi-determinant iri.
Sanya tumatir
Wannan nau'in ya haɗa da tumatir tare da haɓaka mara iyaka. Kullum ana yin su ne zuwa tushe guda. Anyi bayanin wannan ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa irin wannan tsire-tsire suna samar da babban adadin matakan gewaye. Lokacin da za a yanke wani dan dako, yana da buqatar barin kututture, kuma don cimma ingantaccen girbi, yanke duk furannin fure kuma ku bar waɗanda suka fi ci gaba (ba guda 10 ba).
Lokacin cire matakan, zaku buƙaci barin kututture, wanda zai ware fitowar sabon harbi a wuri guda
Tumatir-mai ƙayyade tumatir
Tumatir na wannan nau'in suna da tsayi kuma sun kai tsayi na 1.9 m. Ana iya aiwatar da samuwar tsire-tsire a cikin 2 ko 3 mai tushe, wanda ya dogara da makircin dasa bushes. Ba shi da sauri a rusa irin wannan nau'in, saboda tsire-tsire na iya dakatar da girma. Sai kawai lokacin da amincewa da cewa kara ya ci gaba da haɓaka za'a iya yin aikin.
M tumatir
Wannan nau'in ya haɗa da nau'ikan nau'ikan launuka. Ainihin, basa buƙatar cire kullun hanyoyin, amma a lokaci guda, bai kamata kuyi watsi da tsarin gaba ɗaya ba. Zai fi kyau a bi shawarar da masu ba da iri suka bayar lokacin girma amfanin gona. Don samun iyakar amfanin tumatir na ƙaddara, ana bada shawara a bi ƙa'idodin kulawa mai zuwa:
- an cire matakai, amma sannu-sannu kuma babu ƙari 5 a cikin guda ɗaya;
- inflorescences suma suna batun fashewa, yana barin pieces an guda (an abubuwa (ba fi 3) ba.
Lokacin girma iri iri, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da haɓakar su, kuma ba tsayin tsayi ba.
A lokacin da pruning undersized iri tumatir, kana bukatar ka yi jihãdi domin ci gaban su a fadin, kuma ba a tsawo
Siffofin samuwar tumatir a cikin greenhouse
A cikin rufaffiyar ƙasa, an kafa tumatir la'akari da wasu fasaloli. Su ne, da farko, a cikin yanayin da aka halitta don amfanin gona, har ma da damar ginin kore:
- Saboda haka, yankin na tattalin arzikin greenhouse ana amfani da nagarta sosai, kuma an sarrafa amfanin gona don samun yalwa, yawanci suna noma tumatir mara ƙyalli, kasancewar ana aiwatar da su a cikin ɗayan tushe. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan suna haɗe zuwa trellis ne kawai lokacin da daji ya kai wani tsayi, bayan wannan suna ɗaukar matakin girma (wurin da kara haɓaka), kuma kar ku manta da cire hanyoyin a kaikaice a kan kari.
- Yawancin ƙasa baƙi sukan girma a cikin 2 mai tushe. Ainihin, irin wannan hanyar ana koma wa a cikin ƙananan gidajen kwana. A wannan yanayin, goge 3-6 ya rage akan kowane tushe.
- An kafa nau'ikan ƙaddara a cikin 2 ko 3 mai tushe. Matakai suna barin kawai a ƙarƙashin gogewar farko da ta biyu, ragowar sun watse. Lokacin da aka samar da goge mai haske na 3-4 a kan ƙarin harba, tsunkule shi kuma canja shi zuwa tsari mai ƙarfi na tsari na biyu. Wannan lokacin shine ainihin abin da ya bambanta da ƙirƙirar daji a cikin ƙasa mara tsaro.
- A lokacin da ake noman tumatir a yanayin tsirrai, yana yiwuwa a kara lokacin 'ya'yan itace. Wannan yana ba ku damar barin karin goge na fure akan tsire-tsire fiye da ƙasa mai kariya kuma ta haka ne ku sami amfanin gona mafi girma. A lokaci guda, wanda ya isa ya manta cewa al'adun zasu buƙaci kulawa sosai da ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki.
- Idan aka kwatanta da ƙasa buɗe, a cikin huhun huhun gero na matakai na iya samar da mafi yawan lokuta, saboda yanayin mafi dacewa. Wannan yana nuna buƙatar cire matakai na lokaci.
- Don samun damar girbi amfanin tumatir da wuri a cikin takin alkama, ana bada shawara don girma supermeterminant har ma da na farkon yanke iri. A wannan yanayin, babu ƙarancin 'ya'yan itace fiye da 3-4 waɗanda aka bari akan tsire ɗaya don hanzarta samuwar da tumatir. The fi aka pinched, da samuwar daji ne yake yi a cikin kara 1, kuma ana cire hanyoyin a kai tsaye.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki a tumatir
Tsarin tumatir na da nasa abubuwa. Domin a tilasta wa kwadago ta sami babbar amfanin gona, dole ne a yi aikin suttura aikin. Hanyar, kodayake tana da wahala, amma da sanin tsarin ayyukan, lokacin da kuma abubuwan da aka aiwatar, zai yuwu ga kowane mai kayan lambu ya kammala shi.
