Lambun da aka shirya sosai shine kyakkyawan wurin shakatawa, kuma dasa shuki da bishiyoyi 'ya'yan itace tushen tushen bitamin na asali don lafiyar iyali. Koyaya, ba tare da tsarin tashi daga amfanin gona ba, ba za ku iya jira ba. Samuwar Perennials ɗayan manyan ayyukan mai lambu ne mai alhakin. Currants ba togiya, sabili da haka, domin ya tsawanta rayuwar daji, kuna buƙatar sanin dokokin girma da fruiting kuma kuyi la'akari da su lokacin da aka shuka.
Sai na datsa currants a cikin bazara
Kamar kowane itace ko tsintsiya, currants yana da lokatai na ci gaban ciyayi. Dangane da haka, ya kamata a aiwatar da girki a cikin wannan hanyar don haɓaka haɓaka, fruiting da rage haɗarin cutar shuka.
Iri lokacin pruning:
- spring - sanitary, formative,
- bazara - don racinging samuwar harbe da 'ya'yan itatuwa,
- kaka - tsari, sabuwa,
- hunturu ne da za'ayi a ci gaba da kaka, kuma kawai don thinning sosai thickened bushes.
Itacewar bazara, tare da girbin damina, shine babban nau'in kulawa na ƙirƙirar daji da tsawan rayuwarsa. A wannan lokacin, ana tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace tsofaffin plantings: daskararre, bushe da lalace rassan lokacin hunturu ana cire su. A cikin bazara, matasa bushes da aka dasa a bara an kafa.
Yana da daraja ba shirin shiryawa na dasa forming na farko bushes. Bayan yankan manyan rassa, manyan raunuka suna wanzuwa, kuma ta warinsu shuka zai rasa ruwan 'ya'yan itace, motsin da zai zama mai aiki musamman bayan farkawa.
Idan kuna yin sabuntar currant a cikin bazara, kuma kuyi sanitize a cikin bazara, to zaku iya tsawaita rayuwar daji zuwa shekaru 15 ko sama da haka.
Lokacin bazara na ranar bazara
Lokacin bazara lokaci ne na farkar da shuka da kuma motsin motsi na juices, sabili da haka yana da mahimmanci a gama duk aikin da ya shafi cin mutuncin daji kafin farkon wannan lokacin. Alamar don fara girma tana kumburi da kodan. Tun da currants fara wannan tsari da wuri, ya kamata a yi pruning a farkon lokacin bazara, a cikin Maris, koda lokacin dusar ƙanƙara bai narke ba. Idan dole ne kuyi haka daga baya, to, sassan, diamita wanda yafi 2 cm, dole ne a rufe shi da yumbu mai magana ko lambun var.
Ya kamata a girka girbi a farkon bazara.
Clay Mash an shirya shi daga yumbu da taki saniya: haxa su a cikin sabani gwargwado kuma tsarma da ruwa zuwa Semi-ruwa daidaito. Kuna iya mai sheki tare da irin wannan abun da ke ciki duk lalacewar haushi, yanke har ma da fashewar rassan, wanda ya kamata a ɗaura shi da wuya tare da zane.
Abin da kuke buƙatar sani kafin aiki tare da daji
A cikin bazara, a matsayin mai mulkin, tsabtace tsabta na currant bushes ne da za'ayi. Ana aiwatar da ingantaccen girki a cikin kaka, amma, a wannan lokacin ba shi yiwuwa a share dukkan rassa, tunda ba a san ko sauran da suka rage za su tsira a cikin hunturu ba. A cikin bazara, suna bincika daji, gano harbe da suka lalace. Rassan da suka bushe a cikin hunturu, tare da daskararren fi, waɗanda suka karye, suna ƙarƙashin cirewa. Sannan an cire rassa na hagu da sassan harbe. Don ci gaban al'ada na daji, saitin rassa na shekaru daban-daban wajibi ne, sabili da haka, ya kamata a bambanta harbe da yawa na shekaru daban-daban. Ana iya tantance zamani da yanayin reshen ta hanyar ka'idoji kamar haka:
- shekara - haske, na bakin ciki, ba tare da ci gaba ba,
- A cikin biennials, haushi ya sami launin ruwan kasa,
- yana da shekaru uku da haihuwa, cortex yayi duhu da girma a hancinsa,
- rassan da suka girmi shekaru 5 ana bambanta su da kasancewar sassan sassan kek, ban da haka, galibi suna shafan lasisi.
Waɗannan alamun zasu taimaka wajen tantance harbe da za a gajarta kuma a cire shi a cikin bazara, lokacin da ganye da inflorescences ba su bayyana ba tukuna.
Mahimmanci! An kafa babban amfanin gona akan sabon harbe na rassan shekaru uku. Suna buƙatar samun ceto fiye da dattawa. Kuma har ila yau kuna buƙatar barin isassun rassa don maye gurbinsu.
Ja ko baki?
Akwai nau'ikan currant uku: baki, ja da fari. Sun bambanta ba wai kawai a launi da dandano na berries ba, har ma a cikin ka’idar samuwar rassa a daji, a cikin hanyar sanya ‘ya’yan itace fruitan itace kuma, gwargwadon haka, cikin hanyoyin daban-daban na yin shuki.
Ka'idar currant daji samuwar dogara da hanyar da girma rassan samuwar
A daji na blackcurrant rassan daidai, da kuma tushen harbe bayyana ƙasa da sau da yawa fiye da ja da fari. Zai zama cikakke a cikin shekaru huɗu kawai, kuma ya kamata a taqaita firam a shekara - don haka za a sami ƙarin harbe 'ya'yan itace kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa zai zama mafi girma.
Ja da fari currants suna fitar da rassan kwarangwal kai tsaye daga tushe, don haka yanke tsoffin rassan zai bude tsakiyar daji zuwa rana kuma ya hana toka. Koyaya, ba za a taqaita firshanonin wadannan bushes ba - 'ya'yan itace a jikin' ya'yan kwai suna a kansu.
Ya kamata a cire rassan shekaru biyar don baƙar fata, da shekara bakwai don jan. Ga balagagge, ƙaƙƙarfan daji, yana da kyawawa don barin 5-7 fruiting kuma kamar yadda yawancin rassa matasa a kan tushe guda. Yin la'akari da harbe na shekara ta yanzu, jimlar adadin rassan bai wuce ashirin.
Ka'idar samar da daji: ga kowane tsohuwar reshe, ya kamata a samar da abin canzawa. Daga nan girbin zai isa, kuma babu mai yin yawa a kan shuka.
Babban hada hada guzurin bazara na baƙi da na ja ya zama sake sabuwa da tsabtace tsabta.
Sauran mahimman ka'idodi biyu don kula da busheshen currant:
- Yankan a karkashin tushen raunana harbe da ba su inganta a cikin reshe mai cike da ƙarfi, amma cire ƙarfi daga tushe.
- Cire mai ƙarfi "fi", wanda ke zuwa girma, amma kar a ba da 'ya'yan itace ovaries.
Hoton hoto: misalai na samuwar bushes na ja da baki currants
- Ana aiwatar da daskararren ƙwayar cuta daga farkon shekarar haɓaka daji
- Red currant pruning ne yake yi domin sake farfado da daji da kuma ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa
- Lokacin ƙirƙirar daji mai currant, yana da mahimmanci don la'akari da shekarun rassan sa
Seeding pruning a lokacin bazara dasa
Duk irin nau'in currant da kuka yanke shawarar shuka, dole ne a yanke shi. Ana yin wannan ne domin sawar ta sami tushe cikin sauri a cikin ƙasa, ta kuma gina tushen tushe. A kan ingantaccen tushe, kafin dasa shuki, yakamata ya zama babu fiye da harbe biyu, wanda nan da nan bayan an dasa yakamata a taqaita zuwa biyu ko uku buds. Saboda haka, ɗaukar nauyi akan tushen matasa ba zai wuce harbe shida ba. Wannan dokar ta shafi baƙar fata, ja, da fari currants.
Kayan aikin dabarun ingantaccen tsari
Halittar tsari hanya ce mai mahimmanci, amma cirewar rassan rayuwa suna haifar da raunuka a daji, waɗanda sune ƙofar cututtuka da kwari. Itace shi kadai zai iya ɗaukar yanke, amma idan an yi shi daidai. Yanke raunuka yana warkar da sauri, kuma laceations na iya haifar da mutuwar reshe.
Lamarin farko na lambu: aiki tare da kayan aiki mai kaifi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda ƙaya mai kalar sheki zai sa yanke har ma kuma ba zai murƙushe cambium ba - ƙwayoyin da ke samar da tabo a kan sare, suna rufe rauni.
Na biyu mulkin na lambu: a yanka rassan ba tare da hargitsa motsi na ruwan 'ya'yan itace.
Akwai hanyoyi guda huɗu na girki na bazara:
- cirewar reshe zuwa matakin kasa,
- gajeriyar ridaway koda
- yanke reshe "a kan zobe",
- bakin ciki na cokali mai yatsa a reshe na gefe.
Ana cire rassan zuwa matakin ƙasa
Ana amfani dashi don cire tsohuwar reshen, wanda aka yanke don kada kututture da ya saura akan ƙasa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci, saboda sauran ɓangarorin matattun za su fara jujjuyawa, ko kuma su zama shigarwa mai dacewa don kwari. Don yin madaidaicin yanke, ƙasa an danƙaƙa kadan kuma an cire reshe tare da mai girki.
Rage harbin "a koda"
Babban hanyar rage harbe, wanda ya ba da damar thinning daji. Duk ruwan 'ya'yan itace da ke tafiya da reshen za a karkata zuwa manyan nono biyu ko uku kuma ci gaban su zai karu. Sabili da haka, zaku iya yanke reshe zuwa matakin kowane koda, amma babban abu shine cewa an umarce shi daga daji. Yarinyar da aka yiwa jagora a ciki kawai zata karade daji. Amma yana da mahimmanci yayin yankan kada ku bar kututture, amma kada ku kusanci ƙodan hagu. Ingantaccen nesa shine kusan mm 5.
Ana amfani da yanke koda don yanke guntu
Yanke reshe "a kan zobe"
Ana amfani dashi galibi don ƙirƙirar baƙar fata. A cikin wannan nau'in pruning, an yanke rassan gefen gaba ɗaya, suna sake sabunta rassan kwarangwal. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana amfani da wannan nau'in thinning a kaka, amma a lokacin bazara kuma ana iya aiwatar da shi. Yankin ya kamata ya zama madaidaiciya kuma yana tsaye zuwa ga reshen da aka cire, wanda ya sa yankin rauni ya kasance mafi ƙanƙanta. Barin barin gado bai halatta ba, amma kuma yana yiwuwa a sami wani ɓangare na cambium na babban reshe, saboda wannan zai haifar da mutuwarsa.
Yanke “zoben” kada ya lalata reshe (kwarangwal) na daji
Thinning forks a gefen reshe
A kan currant, kamar yadda a kan sauran bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi, an kafa cokula masu yawa. Suna kaɗa kambi, suna hana haske shiga. Matashin bakin reshen ya warware wannan matsalar. A irin waɗannan halaye, ana amfani da pruning. Wannan yana nufin cewa ɗayan reshe guda biyu ya rage, wanda zai karɓi ruwan juji, don haka yana ƙaruwa da damar samun 'ya'yan itace. Babban ka'ida don zaɓar reshe don cirewa shine shugabanci na haɓaka: idan harbi ya girma a tsaye zuwa sama, baza ku iya barin shi ba.
Ba daidai ba datsa "tare da fassara" zai haifar da mutuwar ragowar reshe
Ga masu farawa: zabin samar da currants "ba tare da matsala"
Yawon shakatawa na novice, wanda hikimar haɓaka reshe da ƙa'idodin motsi ruwan juyi galibi suna ɗaukar rikitarwa, ya kamata su lura da dabaru masu sauƙi. Ba su buƙatar ilimi mai zurfi, amma suna ba da kyakkyawan sakamako tare da ƙaramar ƙoƙari.
- Duk rassan da suka kai tsawon shekaru ya kamata a yanke. Zaka iya ƙayyade wannan da diamita: ya kamata a cire rassan kauri fiye da santimita ɗaya.
- Yanke duk harbe harbe a cikin daji, drooping da rauni.
- Sanya sauran rassan, yana katse hanyoyin samun hasken a cikin daji. Da kuma yanke duk fi "a kan zobe" - karfi harbe harbe tsaye tsaye sama.
Bidiyo: girke girke girke don girka daji
Currants, kamar sauran tsire-tsire, suna buƙatar kulawa, amma yana da daraja nuna ɗan hankali da kulawa, kuma inji zai amsa tare da kyakkyawan girbi na berries mai lafiya.
