Kowane lokacin bazara mazaunin mafarki na girma da wuri da kuma kyawawan inabi a kan mãkirci, halin da barga amfanin gona, juriya da jimiri. Timur yana nuna daidai ga irin waɗannan tsoffin shahararrun nau'in innabi kuma ya kasance koyaushe suna yin alkawurra duk da kasancewar ƙarin nau'ikan samarin zamani.
Tarihin girma nau'in innabi
Tun daga 1936, a cikin VNIIViV su. I.I. Potapenko yana gudanar da aikin kiwo don ƙirƙirar nau'in innabi mai rikitarwa wanda zai iya jure yanayin yanayi mai ƙarfi na yankin arewa. Zaɓin zaɓi na dogon lokaci ya ba mu damar gano nau'ikan inabi na matasan 40 waɗanda suka bambanta a cikin halaye masu ban mamaki. Daga cikinsu akwai sanannen sanannen innabi na Timur, halittar wacce aungiyar shayarwa ta jagoranta I.A. Kostrikina.
Asalin sunan wannan nau'in ya ɓoye ta hanyar haruffan farko na ma'auratan: FV-2-5, inda F shine Moldavian innabi Frumoasa Albe, wanda a cikin fassarar daga Moldavian yana nufin "White kyakkyawa" da V - Delight, wani samfurin na zaɓi na NII. Daga baya, iri-iri an sake masa suna Timur (a cikin Turkic ana nufin "ƙarfe"). Sunan kanta kalmomi ne na juriya da juriya daga ire-irensu.
Timur ba shi da rigakafi ga cututtukan fungal da daskararru, yana da kyawawan dabi'u da suka gada daga “iyayensa”. Koyaya, matasan sun cika su sosai kuma yana ɗayan nau'ikan tunani.
Yawancin sun sami ci gaba a cikin sabon tsari na tsari, suna aiki azaman kayan ƙetare tare da Delight Red. Don haka Timur ya bayyana, tare da mafi ƙarfi daji da goge, mafi girma tara tara sukari, mai kyau safarar kayayyaki, amma tare da ya fi tsayi tsawon ripening da ƙasa da cuta juriya. Sabili da haka, duk da launin ruwan hoda mai daɗi da ɗanɗano mai ban sha'awa na berries, ƙwararrun lambu sun fi son "iyaye" - farin Timur. Kodayake, dole ne ka yarda, gungu zai zama ƙawata na ko da mafi yawan tebur na bikin.
Timur ruwan hoda yana da launin ruwan hoda mai daɗi.
Bayanin nau'in innabi Timur
Timur inabi suna cikin farkon farkon innabi iri-iri tare da nisan zamani na kwanaki 105-115. Bunches mai nauyin 400-800 g ana gudana tare da berries tare da launin shuɗi, yana ba da amber lokacin cikakke. Berriesa berriesan itacen da suke da shi suna da siffar kan nono, sun kai nauyin 6-8 g Duk da bakin ciki, gawar da ta tsage, naman jikinsu mai daɗi ne, katsewa. Dankin muscat na dandano yana ba da tsaftacewa ta musamman ga iri-iri. Timur yana gaban tsire-tsire na iyaye a cikin tarawar sukari (25%).
Bunches na Timur na iya zuwa nauyi har zuwa 800 g
Haske kore innabi mai fure waɗanda aka tattara a cikin buroshi na bisexual, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga girkin Timur saboda ƙwarewar yin pollinate. Ganyen ganye mai santsi na launin kore mai launi, lobed biyar da serrated a gefuna. Yankin yana da tsayayya ga cututtukan fungal na 'ya'yan itacen inabin mildew da oidium, juriya sanyi -25 ° C.
Bidiyo: Itace innabi iri-iri
Halayen nau'in innabi Timur
Timur ya ƙaunaci mazauna bazara don saurin haihuwa. Itatuwan innabi suna da tushe, kuma kowane jari ya dace da grafting.
Hannun jari mai ƙarfi-suna ba da gudummawa ga samun amfanin gona mafi girma da ingantattun abubuwan gungu, amma ƙara lokacin tumatir na Timur berries kusan mako guda.
A bushes na iri-iri da kansu ne mai rauni-girma, don haka ana dasa su nesa daga itacen inabi bushes na high ƙarfi, sabõda haka, ba su nutsar da Timur tare da m harbe.
Rassan katako na itace suna bada 'ya'ya, akan kowace harbi har zuwa 3 gungu na siffar conical na yau da kullun. Berries ba su kwace na dogon lokaci a daji bayan ripening. Shirye-shiryen sauri don fruiting (a shekara ta 2 bayan dasa shuki) wani ƙari ne na wannan iri-iri.
Idan adadin bunches yana al'ada, yana yiwuwa a cimma nauyin har zuwa 2 kilogiram. Kurangar inabi na iya zama abin ado na zane-zanen yanki na ƙasa, shingen baka, arbor, sauran abubuwan gidan.
A cikin yankuna na arewacin, Timur yana girma kamar amfanin gona na rufe.
Siffofin dasa shuki da nau'ikan iri na inabba Timur
Inabi za a iya dasa a cikin kaka da kuma bazara. Yankin kudu ko kudu maso yamma a ƙarƙashin ganuwar gine-ginen zai zama wuri mafi kyau don wannan nau'in. Tushen-mallaka (yaduwa ta hanyar itace) ko kuma grafted seedlings ana amfani da su. Kuna iya samun kayan shuka daga tsaba, amma ana amfani da wannan hanyar haifuwa da wuya sosai ta wasu matsaloli: tsarin yana da tsawo sosai da cin lokaci.
Wane ƙasa take innabi take so?
Don dasa shuki na Timur, loamy ko ƙasa mai loamy, wanda yake da isasshen isasshen ciyawa, mai dumama da ruwa, zai fi dacewa. A wasu halaye, ana buƙatar narkar da ƙasa. Bayan duk wannan, iri-iri kuma suna buƙatar wani acidity (pH 5.5-7.0). Sabili da haka, suna ƙoƙarin saturate haske da ƙasa mai nauyi tare da takin gargajiya, kuma idan ya cancanta, lemun tsami. Bugu da kari, don haɓaka ƙarfin danshi na ƙasa mai sauƙi, an yi yumɓu.
A kan nauyi, ƙasa mara nauyi, 'Ya'yan inabi na Timur sun rasa ɗanɗano, sun ƙunshi ƙarancin sukari kuma sun zama tart!
Abin da seedlings ne mafi alh tori kai ga dasa?
A cewar kwararrun lambu, annuals suna da tushe sosai da sauri kuma suna dacewa da sabon yanayin, wanda yake mahimmanci ga yankin tsakiyar Rasha. Hakanan ana iya samo su akan siyarwa fiye da shekaru dari biyu-biyu. Zaɓin mafi arha shine dasa shuki a kai nan da nan a wani wuri na dindindin, amma shigowar irin wannan itacen inabin zuwa cikin 'ya'yan itace zai fara yan shekaru kaɗan.
Seedlingsaukacin seedlings sun yi aiki mai kyau a cikin yankuna ba tare da tsauraran yanayi ba, waɗanda aka shuka akan ƙasa mai wadataccen abinci. Don girma iri a cikin yankunan da tsananin winters ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba, yana da kyau a ɗauki seedlings a hankali akan tsire-tsire masu tsayayya mai sanyi da kuma tsayayyun ƙwayoyin cuta.
Me ya kamata in nemi lokacin zabar shuki na dasa?
- A wane yanayi ne tushen tsarin? Ya kamata a lalata shi, ba a bushe ba, ba tare da alamun cutar ba, tare da tushen ƙwayoyin tsoka da yawa (aƙalla 3) tare da diamita fiye da 2 mm.
- Kula da tsawo na seedling! Ya kamata a kalla 0.4 m.
- Yayi ido da yawa game da haɓakar matasa? Yawancin lokaci bishiyar itacen inabi tana da idanu 4-5.
- Idan tsire-tsire sun riga sun sami ganye, kada su kasance ƙanana da lalacewa.
Itatuwan innabi
Digging rami don dasa inabi, raba babba ƙasa da ƙananan Layer, nada ƙasa a cikin tsiloli daban-daban. Don yin amfani da takin zamani biyu buhu na sharan shuka ko taki, 200-250 g na takin mai magani na phosphate na potassium.
An shimfiɗa rufin magudanar a ƙasan ramin, wanda zai iya zama dutse mai kyau, yumɓu mai yumɓu, tubalin da aka fashe (aƙalla 15 cm). Bayan sun ja da baya daga zo cm daga wurin da ake tsammani na sawar, sai su tuƙa a cikin bututu (mm 60-100 a diamita). Daga baya, zai zama hanyar da ta dace don takin da kuma shayar da itacen inabin. Thirdayan farko na rami a cikin nau'i na ƙwanƙwasa yana cike da wani ɓangare na ƙasar da aka karɓa daga babba, mafi yawan farashi, kuma gauraye da takin ma'adinai da guga 1 na kwayoyin halitta. Ana shayar da tuddai da ruwa (20 l) kuma jira har sai ya sha duka. Bayan wannan, ana rarraba Tushen seedling a saman motse kuma an saukar da shi don an bar idanun 2-4 a saman. An rufe hillock tare da rabi na biyu na saman ƙasa na ƙasa wanda aka haɗu da sauran kwayoyin halitta. Kuma, a ƙarshe, sun ƙarshe cika ramin tare da ƙasa daga ƙaramin abinci mai gina jiki na rami mai zurfi na rami, haɗa ƙasa a kusa da shi da kuma sake ruwa shi sosai. Saboda haka, ƙasa mai dausayi zata kasance da isasshen zurfin tushen tsarin inabi, wanda Timur ke buƙata.
Shiri na rami saukowa domin inabi
Kula! Idan seedling kasa da 40 cm, lokacin dasawa, sashinta zai kasance ƙasa da matakin ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, ramin bai cika zuwa sama ba, yana jiran fitowar harbe.
Girman ramin a kan kasa mai matsakaicin haske shine 60x60 cm, akan haske da nauyi mai nauyi - cm 80x80. Nisa tsakanin kwatancen yakamata ya zama aƙalla 1 m, kuma tsakanin layuka - 1.5-2.5 m.
Don rage haɗarin zafin bazara kwatsam, don inganta musayar iska ta ruwa na tushen tsiro, bazai zama mai girma ba don ƙaraɗa ƙwayar shuka ko ciyawa dasa ciyawar tare da kayan aikin. Don ciyawa, ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da allurar spruce, tunda suna ƙara yawan acidity na ƙasa. Wasu lambu bayan dasa shuki seedlings nan da nan rufe su da filastik filastik ko wasu kayan rufe don kare tsire-tsire masu laushi daga kunar rana a jiki.
A cikin shekarar farko bayan dasawa, tare da haɓakawa na yau da kullun, seedling yana da harbe 2 na kusan 1 m, tare da diamita na 6-7 mm. Idan akwai ƙarin harbe-harbe, a cikin kaka adadinsu yana bisa al'ada zuwa 2, yin pruning. Girma vines ta ɗaure, ba ta barin taɓa taɓa ƙasa.
Inabi
Kamar sauran nau'in innabi, Timur yana buƙatar siffar da ɗan itacensa. A cikin kaka, ba a bar buds 10 sama akan kowace itacen inabi da take ba da mafaka ba don hunturu.
Mafi sutura abu don innabi daji ne Reed rassan, spruce spruce rassan, zanen gado na tsohon Slate.
A cikin bazara, ana ci gaba da samuwar daji, ana cire matasa harbe kuma idanu 30 suka rage. Yana da irin wannan nauyin daji, wanda a ciki shuka zai iya ci gaba al'ada, kuma berries ba zai rasa dandano ba, wannan shine mafi kyau duka iri-iri.
Watse
Yawan abubuwan ban ruwa an tsara shi ta yanayin yanayi. 'Ya'yan inabi da kansu za su yi nuni da rashin danshi tare da ganyayyakinsu na bushewa. Mafi yawan duka, daji na innabi yana buƙatar shayarwa a lokacin budding, bayan fure da kuma lokacin da ƙwayoyin farko suka bayyana. Ana yin ruwa da hannu tare da ruwan dumi, ingantaccen ruwa a cikin bututu (idan akwai) ko cikin da'irar akwati.
Kula! A lokacin fure da tumatir na berries, ba'a cire watering. Furanni na iya crumble kuma berries na iya fashewa!
Buga Takaici
Duk da juriya daga iri-iri zuwa cututtuka da kwari, Timur yana da wahala don kare daga lalacewa ta kaska. A saman ganyen itacen inabi zaka iya ganin manyan sifofin, kuma a ƙasa - ƙwanƙwasa launin shuɗi-launin shuɗi, wanda ba kamar mildew ba, ba'a share shi ba. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a sayi tsire-tsire a cikin cibiyoyin lambun da cibiyoyin musamman kawai.
Yaƙi alamar innabi yana da wuya. Idan an gano alamun kamuwa da cuta a ƙarshen kakar, za a iya kula da itacen inabin tare da sinadarai masu ɗauke da ƙwayar sulfur: Karbofos, Fufanon, Tiovit-Jet da sauransu (bisa ga umarnin). A lokaci guda kuma, gwada kama abubuwan bangon da kashin ke zaune.
Gwanin a kan bangon ganye na innabi yana nuna gaban kaska
Nasiha
Kwanan nan, Na yi azabtar da wannan nau'in don ƙananan gungu da rashin pollination mara kyau. Amma lokacin da na gwada Timur wanda ya manyanta - kawai abin al'ajabi ne! Kyakkyawan zaƙi da carisan itace! Ina da bushes biyu girma, kuma komai ya bambanta: duka girma da kuma gungu. Amma dandano iri ɗaya ne - mai girma! Na ga wani aboki na giya mai ruwan inabi - gungu of 500-800 gr. Wataƙila da yawa yanke shawarar da stock na perennial itace.
Anatoly//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=632
Timur yana ɗayan nau'ikan da na fi so. Kodayake gungu ba su da girma (matsakaicin nauyin 300-400 gram), amma farkon, mai dadi, nama mai ƙwari da ciyawa mai tsayi. Bayan ripening, yana rataye har zuwa ƙarshen kaka ba tare da ɓarna ba, kawai berries suna samun ƙarin sukari da bushe. 2 bushes tsiro.
Grygoryj//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=632
Don kanka, zaku iya dasa shukar iri-iri wacce ba a sani ba "Timur" - wannan nau'in tebur ne, farkon, manyan berries, crisp, fleshy berries, ƙanshi mai narkewa, ƙwayar sukari mai yawa, harbe mai yaduwa sosai, haifuwa cikin sauƙi, suna da tsayayyen mildew, sanyi mai tsauri.
agroinkom//agro-forum.net/threads/129/
Adadin nau'in innabi na Timur lokaci-lokaci ana gwada shi kuma yana girma cikin duk yankuna na tsohuwar Unionungiyar, gami da arewacin. Idan baku da bushes na innabi akan shafin ba tukuna, baza ku taɓa yin nadama akan zaban Timur azaman matsayin cikakke innabi ba.
