Wataƙila kowane tsire-tsire mai haske yana da ninki biyu. Ga fure, peony ne. Cherries suna da cherries. A cikin inuwa da m raspberries, blackberry lurks. Abin ban mamaki ne dalilin da yasa aka girma: berries na ruwa, spines sun fi girma, bushes suna da girma kuma suna hawa. Wannan ba haka bane. Duban blackberries sun girma lokacin da raspberries sun tafi. A wannan lokacin, Na riga na son wani abu. Bugu da ƙari, ba duk nau'in blackberry ba ƙasa da raspberries a cikin Sweets - Agavam yana kusa da raspberries a cikin sukari, har ma ya wuce cikin wasu bitamin. Kuma wannan ninki yana da ladabi sosai ko kuma shi "doki ne mai duhu"?
Tarihin girma blackberry iri-iri
Ba a banza ba ne lokacin da na sami masaniya da nau'ikan, ƙungiya ta taso da kalmar "wigwam." Kamar yadda ya juya, Indiyawa suna da alaƙa da irin wannan blackberry. Wanda ya kirkiro John Perkins (Ipswich, Massachusetts) ya sanya sunan baƙar fata don girmamawa ga kabilar Agawam sama da shekara ɗari da hamsin da suka wuce. Tun daga 1865, sama da shekaru tamanin, ana daukar nau'ikan da suka fi dacewa a cikin aikin daga farkon nau'ikan blackberry a Amurka. Saboda unpretentiousness, yawan aiki, daidaita dandano da abun da ke ciki na berries, ya zama tartsatsi don samarwa a kan sikelin masana'antu. Tun 2006, an saka blackberry Agawam a cikin Rijistar Jiha tun 2006, kuma an jera kowa da kowa a matsayin yankin samun dama - daga Arewa zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Bayanin sa
Blackberries Agawam ne farkon ripening iri-iri. Wannan nau'in kayan zaki ne. Ana kuma amfani da berries don sarrafawa da daskarewa. Ba daji ba yaduwa, mai matsakaici. Otsan buɗe ido suna faɗo kamar baka, lokacin farin ciki, a cikin yanke suna da siffar mai gefe biyar. Harbe na farkon shekara sune launin ruwan kasa-kore, biennial harbe sune launin ruwan kasa. Prickly daji. Spikes mai yawa, launin ruwan kasa, matsakaici a girman, mai lankwasa ƙasa. Ganyen suna kore, mai kauri Furanni babba ne, fari, an tattara su cikin inflorescences, bisexual, pollinated. Adadin furanni da 'ya'yan itace na Agawam yana shimfidawa akan lokaci, saboda haka ana girbe amfanin gona a matakai da yawa.
Agawama fure bushes duba halin matsakaici
The berries ne m, matsakaici a girma, yin awo 4.5-5.0. Feda ita ce takaice, dan kadan. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari marasa launin kore, baƙar fata, baƙi, m, mai tsami, a cikin zafi mai zafi mai daɗi, tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi. 'Ya'yan itacen shine mai cinyewa. Yawan dandano na sabo sabo shine maki 3.5, bayan aiki - 4.0.
Agawama daji koyaushe yana faranta wa maigidan gwani da girbi
Halaye na nau'ikan blackberry Agawam
Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine kashi 99.8 na berries na hectare. Fiye da shekaru tamanin, agaves sun ci gaba da jagoranci a tsakanin nau'ikan masana'antu na blackberries na Amurka a ƙarni na 19 da na 20 saboda yawan aiki, juriya sanyi da rashin ƙwarewa. Motocin jure rashin saukin ruwan sanyi har zuwa 25-30 game daC, baya buƙatar tsari don hunturu, yayi girma akan kowane ƙasa. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari daidai ma a wuraren haske da inuwa.
Bidiyo: Amfanin Agavam
A cikin inuwa, yawan 'ya'yan itace ba da jimawa ba. Tsire-tsire suna jure yanayin zafi mai muni. Suna da haƙuri haƙuri na matsakaici. Tabbas, a cikin lokacin bazara mai zafi tare da iyakataccen ruwa, da berries za su zama masu daɗin ci, amma wannan zai shafi girman berries. Duk da haka, tare da waterlogging da thickening na plantings, da bushes na iya shafa didimella (m spotting), da kuma berries da launin toka rot. Daga cikin kwari, da weevil ya aikata mafi cutarwa ga weevil bushes (weevil).
Cututtuka da kwari na blackberry Agaveam
Didimella ko purple spotting ci gaba da babban zafi a cikin thickened plantings na blackberries da raspberries. Cutar ta haifar da Didymella applanata fungi. Matasa harbe, zuriya, petioles da buds na shuka sun fi shafa. Ganyayyaki ba su da yawa. A farkon matakan cutar, aibobi masu launin shuɗi suna bayyana akan kara. Formedarancin furanni ana kafa su akan shuka, ovary ɗin ba ya kafawa. Kodan ya bushe, foci na necrosis ya bayyana akan ganyayyaki, sun bushe ya faɗi.
Didimella ya buge baki da bishiyoyi
Don rigakafin tabo launin fata bi shawarwarin agrotechnical:
- bakin ciki fitar da blackberry bushes;
- fitar da tumatir bayan an gama cire girbi nan da nan.
- a lokaci cire kuma halakar da tsire-tsire masu rauni da mara lafiya;
- lalata ciyawa a kewayen bushes;
- a cikin kaka, ana cire ganyen da aka bushe an kone shi;
- a cikin bazara, ana kula da bushes tare da maganin 2% na sulfate na jan karfe ko ruwa na Bordeaux.
Lokacin da aka kafa bushes akan trellises, hadarin cututtukan fungal yana raguwa sosai. A irin waɗannan halayen, mai tushe suna kusan yin gasa, cire duk ƙananan rassan. Kuma ɓangaren ɓangaren daji na nan har yanzu yana cikin lush, kuma wannan bai shafi yawan amfanin ƙasa ba.
Hakanan ana lalacewa ta hanyar launin toka (Botrytis cinerea) ta hanyar fungi. Cutar ta bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na launin toka rot on berries, kodayake dukkanin gabobin m na shuka suna shafar. Don magani, ana amfani da magungunan antifungal:
- Rovral Aquaflo;
- Juyawa
- Gates;
- Teldor;
- Horus.
Duk ƙwayoyin fungicides suna da guba ga digiri ɗaya ko wata ga mutane, masu ɗumi-ɗumi da ƙudan zuma, don haka ya zama dole a yi amfani da waɗannan magunguna daidai da umarnin. Shawarwarin gabaɗaya sun haɗa da aikace-aikacen ƙwayoyi kafin fure ko bayan, don kada ya haifar da lalacewar ƙwayar kwari, magani a cikin kwanciyar hankali kuma ba yanayin ruwan sama ba.
A causative wakili na launin toka rot da sauri zama resistant zuwa takamaiman fungicide, don haka shi ne sau da yawa Dole a canza kwayoyi ko hada magani tare da nazarin halittu hanyoyin sarrafawa: ƙara tattara da gasa ba pathogenic fungi Trichodermin zuwa ƙasa.
Blackberry rot
Dasa kyawawan bushes a cikin sabon wuri yana ba da sakamako mai kyau. Kuma a cikin yankuna da suka shafi faransar pathogenic, kayan lambu suna girma: solanaceous, albasa, tafarnuwa, ganye mai yaji. Abubuwan da ke ba da shawara na rigakafin rigakafin launin toka sun yi kama da na waɗanda ke rigakafin Didimella. A cikin bin ka'idodin aikin gona da jujjuyawar amfanin gona na yau da kullun, yana yiwuwa a rage asara daga cututtuka.
Karin kwari da blackberries da raspberries sune na kowa, amma galibi ana shafa Agave ne da ɓacin rai. Wannan irin ƙwaro 2-3 mm ne a cikin girman, launin ruwan kasa-ƙasa kan kafafu mai tsayi. Femalean itacen beeta beetan mace suna kwan ƙwai a cikin maɓallin. Matasa irin ƙwaro larvae cinye buds, don haka yawan amfanin ƙasa da abin ya shafa bushes rage. Na biyu ƙarni na ƙwaro suna bayyana a ƙarshen Yuli, ciyarwar a kan ganyen tsire-tsire masu watsa shiri, kuma tare da farko na yanayin sanyi don hunturu. Irin ƙwaro hunturu a farfajiya yadudduka na kasar gona da a cikin ganye ganye. Lokacin kawar da tarkacewar shuka a ƙarƙashin bushes, kwari kuma suna lalata. Game da lalacewar kwaro, ana amfani da nau'in shirye-shiryen kariyar sunadarai.
Weevil - babban abokin gaba na blackberry Agwam
Siffofin dasa da kuma nau'ikan iri
Ana shuka blackberries duka a kaka da bazara. Sun tono ramuka dasa 60x80 a girma da zurfin cm 60. Blackberries sun fi soyayyen ƙasa-ƙasa, don haka nan da nan suka sanya guga na humus ko takin a cikin rami, cokali biyu ko uku na superphosphate, rabin-lita na ash, haɗu da kome, dasa daji, ruwa da ciyawa humus daga sama. Sannan an sako ciyayi kuma ana shayar dasu idan ya zama dole.
Bidiyo: Game da Shukewar Blackberry Agawam
Yana da mahimmanci a kula da samuwar daji. Yana da Dole a iyakance girma da harbe, tsunkule fi. A wannan yanayin, fruiting ya fi girma, kuma berries suna da girma, kuma girbi ya fi sauƙi. Yanke bushes a cikin bazara. A lokacin da pruning a cikin fall, rassan da suka ji rauni na iya overwinter muni. A lokacin rani, bayan an girbe, sai a yanke rassan frigid nan da nan, tunda za a kirkiro sabon amfanin gona akan harbe-mai.
Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da ba a iya shakatawa na iri-iri shine juriya sanyi, godiya ga wanda blackberry bushes ba tare da tsari hunturu a amince. Gwanin lokacin bazara, wanda iska ta tsananta, ya haifar da matsala kadan. Amma har ma ana iya gyara wannan ta hanyar yin kaciya na wuraren da abin ya shafa.
Blackberries suna yaduwa ta hanyar zuriyar zuriya ko ƙwaya, ta hanyar sauke rassan, daga baya, kamar yadda suke ɗauka tushe, an rabu da su daga uwar daji. A wasu halaye, ya wajaba a iyakance yaduwar saurin yaduwar cutar ta Agawam.
Nasiha
Blackberry Agawam bred fiye da shekara ɗari da suka wuce. Asalin iri-iri ba a san shi da tabbas ba. Ana zaton cewa iri-iri an samo shi ne ta hanyar kwantar da hankali tsakanin jinsuna iri daban-daban na Amurka. Berries na wannan iri-iri, lokacin da aka cika shi sosai, suna da daɗi, ba tare da acid ba. Wanda ba a kwance a ciki ba sai m. Sunan iri-iri ana alaƙa da 'ya'yan itaciyar marmari na agave.
Agawam berry ba babba bane. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 3 g, kamar yadda yake tare da yawancin nau'in raspberries. Koyaya, da ake samu suna da girma sosai. Wani ɗan shekaru biyar na daji na iya samar da fiye da kilogram 10 na berries. Daji na shuka yayi daidai. Otsan buɗe ido na iya isa tsawon mil 2.5. Endsarshen harbe suna jujjuyawa. Idan girman da berries ya kasance ƙasa da sauran nau'in blackberries horar da su, to wannan shine ɗayan mafi yawan nau'ikan sanyi-masu tsayayya. Rassanta suna jurewa har zuwa -30 digiri C.
Berry yana da baki tare da sheen m. Siffar prefabricated drupe a cikin nau'i na karamin elongated truncated mazugi. A cikin gogewar Berry 12 berries. Harbe masu sauyawa suna da ƙarfi, faceted. Shootan girma yana da sashin layi na madaidaiciya. Da farko, harbe masu haske kore ne, ta kaka sun zama ja, to launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Spikes a kan shoot ba wuya, amma m, dan kadan mai lankwasa. Akwai dunƙulen hanuyoyi tare da tsakiyar jijiya na farantin ganye, a bayan ganye.
Ganyen tsire yana da ado. Leaf faranti diverge a cikin haskoki guda biyar daga wuri ɗaya kamar ganye na innabi yarinya ko ƙwallan doki. Kowane farantin katako ya fi girma, a fasalin yayi kama da jirgin ruwan da yake zagaye da kuma babbar baka mai kaifi, an kafa shi daga bangarorin biyu biyu na concaging concave.
A shuka blooms a cikin manyan milky-fararen furanni, tattara a kafa goge. Dazuzzuka daji kyau da ƙarfi. Furanni a cikin gogewar goge a cikin dukkan kwatance ta bishiyar Kirsimeti. A berries ripen tare a farkon watan Agusta.
Wannan blackberry kusan ba shi da cututtuka. Ba kamar baƙar fata baƙi, yana ba da zuriya, wanda yake ƙaruwa da shi. Hakanan za'a iya yada yadiddigar ta apical idan an sanya jigilar abubuwa ta wucin gadi, amma yin tushe ba zaiyi kyau ba. Kashi goma cikin dari ne kawai ke sanya tushe, kuma har ma daga baya suna girma da talauci. Tushen tushen zuriya yawanci ba a haɓaka shi ba. Don samun daidaitaccen seedling, kuna buƙatar girma a cikin makarantar.
Yakimov. Daga: Samara//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=63
Kula da blackberry kusan iri ɗaya ne kamar na raspberries. Duk da yake bushes ƙanana da ba tukuna fruiting, Clippings na harbe ba su samar. Lokacin da aka fara amfani da fruiting, kowace shekara bayan an girbe, ana yanke harbe-shiryen 'ya'yan itace (harbe daga abin da aka girbe amfanin gona). An yanke su nan da nan bayan tarin. Barin harbe-tsire na musanya - shine, wannan zai bada 'ya'ya a shekara mai zuwa. Jirgin maye yana fitowa daga ƙasa a cikin watan Mayu - Yuni. Don haka, ana sabunta daji kowace shekara. Fruiting ya fara a kan bushes, 'yan berries ba amfanin gona, watakila har yanzu akwai wasu fure fure a kan harbe, don haka yi kokarin barin shi domin bazara.
Wajibi ne don rufe ragowar harbe bayan yankan don hunturu, ba tare da la'akari da juriya na sanyi ba. Ko da iri-iri ne quite hunturu-Hardy da harbe ba su daskare, fure fure sun fi kula da sanyi, wato, a bunƙasa gaskiya, shirye-da-kai daji na iya samar da amfanin gona ko samar da dama berries saboda daskarewa na flower buds. Kuna hukunta da gaskiyar cewa wasu daga bushes ɗinku suna da ƙarfi, suna shirye don fruiting. Ba mafaka ga bushes don hunturu, idan Nuwamba ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba, kuma daskararren ƙasa a ƙasa -20 digiri C zai iya haifar da daskarewa na sassan jikin iska na wasu nau'ikan.
Yakimov. Daga: Samara//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=63
Haka ne, agave yana da matukar girma. Haka ne, nau'ikan kudanci tabbas zai zama mai kyau, ya fi girma kuma kusan duk ba tare da ƙaya ba a kudu. Hakanan apples, pears, inabi, apricots da duk-duka-duka. Amma don yanayinmu, wannan shine kawai nau'in da za'a iya barin ɓoye a cikin kaka kuma ba za a yaudare ko girbin zai zama shekara mai zuwa ba. Girbi zai kasance. The fi za su daskare kuma shi ke nan. Amma game da ɗanɗano na berries, to, kamar yadda kuka sani, dandani ba ya yin jayayya. Agawam yana tashi daga wurina. Yara sun hau cikin ƙaya, babu abin da zai iya tsayawa.
Hare. Daga: Moscow da Taldomsky gundumar Moscow//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=4856&start=150
Maigidana bai yarda ni in tumɓuke Agavas ba: yana son ƙarin Rasberi. Na shiga cikin ƙaya. Na karanta tallan kuma na yanke shawarar maye gurbinsa da wanda ba shi da shiri, Na karɓa daga maƙwabta, saboda ta hau gonarta. Ta siyar da kyar na blackberries sannan ta tabbatar min da cewa an gano blackberry din ta. Wannan faduwar, na shiga shafin ta musamman ta hanyar hanyar hanyar sarkar, duba: duk blackberry dinta a karkashin spadbond. Don haka ina tsammanin ya yi latti domin tsabtace Agaves. Ba sa neman nagarta da kyau.
a la la Daga: Moscow//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=4856&start=150
Daga cikin lambu, mai tsanani muhawara game da amfanin raspberries kan blackberries, game da zaɓi ga girma zamani unshipable blackberry iri dangi zuwa prickly wadanda, ba ya ƙare. Duk wannan kawai yana farantawa rai: yana nufin akwai mãkirci; akwai wani abu da zai dasa shi; kuma akwai wadanda suke shirye su cinye abin da aka girma a shafin. Ana cin komai a cikin lokaci, kuma shirye-shiryen an share su kawai!
