Regina wani nau'in Marigayi ceri ne na Jamusanci wanda aka sani tun tsakiyar karni na karshe. Ana ci gaba da girma a Turai akan sikelin masana'antu. Masu kula da lambun Rasha da manoma suma suna da sha'awar wannan nau'in, amma ƙoƙarin haɓaka shi ba koyaushe yake yin nasara ba.
Bayanin cherries Regina
Babu Regina ceri iri-iri shahara a cikin Turai a cikin Rajista na Rasha, amma wannan ba ya dakatar da masu sha'awar da suka yi yunƙurin haɓaka shi (ba koyaushe suke cin nasara ba) a yankunansu. Yawancin ya shayar da 'yan kiwon Jamusanci a 1957 ta hanyar hayewa marigayi Rube da Schneider cherries. Godiya ga yawancin ab advantagesbuwan amfãni, an fara amfani da shi don narkar da masana'antu, kuma tsawon shekaru 25 an haramta amfani da ƙarancin Regina don fitarwa zuwa waje. Tun daga 1981, wannan ceri an girma girma a ko'ina cikin Yammacin Turai.
Cherry Regina girma a cikin na biyu rabin Yuli
Itace Regina tayi girma har zuwa 3-4 m a tsayi, tana da mawaƙi na tsakiya tare da rassan kwarangwal wanda ke kusan kusan a kusurwar dama. Crohn dala zagaye na matsakaici na matsakaici. Regina blooms marigayi - a karo na biyu na rabin Mayu, wanda ke kare furanni daga dawowar sanyi. Resistanceaƙƙarfan juriya na itacen yana ƙaruwa - itacen yana tsayayya da daskararru ƙasa -25 ° C. A iri-iri na da babbar rigakafi ga duk fungal da kuma hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri cututtuka, kazalika da kwari. Tushen tafiya zuwa zurfin zurfi koyaushe zai sami ruwa, don haka fari fari ba mummunan abu bane. Sai kawai a matsanancin zafi yake buƙatar ruwa.
Yana zuwa da tasiri a cikin shekara ta 3-4 bayan dasawa. Yawan aiki na yau da kullun yana da girma. A matsakaita, kowane itace daga shekaru 6 yana kawo kilo 40 na berries. Cherry Regina ripens a karo na biyu na rabin Yuli. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun rataye a kan rassan na dogon lokaci. Koyaya, basa birkicewa kuma basa fasawa. Raba daga cikin ciyawa ya bushe.
Bishiyoyin suna da girma (suna yin matsakaicin nauyin 9-10 g), dan kadan elongated, mai kamannin zuciya. Launin launi mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi mai duhu duhu. Jiki na roba da taushi shima yana da launin ja, dandano mai daɗi ne, tare da ɗanɗarin acidity, mai arziki. Tsarin dandanawa na dandano - maki 4.8-5. Dangane da halayensa, nau'in ya kasance ga ƙungiyar bigarro. Berries ana adana har zuwa makonni 3 ba tare da asarar inganci ba, suna da babban safarar su. Babban dalilin shine na kowa da kowa.
An rarraba nau'ikan cherries zuwa rukuni biyu - bigarro da gini. Tsoffin suna da lafiyayyen jigon katako, wanda ke tabbatar da kyakkyawan jigilar su da kuma ingancin kayayyakin gwangwani. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, waɗannan su ne nau'ikan da matsakaici da marigayi ripening. Yawancin gungun rukunin gida suna da wuri, suna da fata mai santsi da nama mai laushi. Ana amfani dasu sabo, tun da ba sa riƙe nau'ikan su a abincin gwangwani.
Babban nau'ikan pollinators
Babbar matsalar Regina ita ce rashin haihuwarta da halin da take ciki ga masu aikin pollin. Yawancin lambu sun fuskanci halin da inda cherries Regina ba ta kasance 'ya'yan itace shekaru ba, duk da cewa akwai wasu cherries a kusa, suna fure tare da ita a lokaci guda. Zuwa yau, an samar da jerin nau'ikan kular da ta dace don fitar da pollin, duk da haka, babu ɗayansu da ke rijista a cikin Rijistar Jiha:
- Babban Taron
- Sam
- Sylvia
- Cordia;
- Karina
- Gedefinger;
- Bianca
- Schneiger ya makara.
Hakanan zai iya zama:
- Nephris
- Murjani
- Lantarki.
Haka kuma, kwararru suna ba da shawara cewa ba su da guda ɗaya, amma akwai nau'ikan biyu daban daban don pollination na Regina. A cikin wannan yanayin ne kawai ke tabbatar da pollination 100% da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da kuma rashin amfanin iri-iri
Fasali damar:
- Rashin daidaituwa a barin.
- Balaga da wuri.
- Resistanceara ƙarfin juriya.
- Farin ciki na rashin ruwa.
- Rigakafi ga cututtuka da kwari.
- Na yau da kullun da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
- Gabatarwa.
- Transportability da dogon shiryayye rayuwa.
Yawancin abubuwa basu da matsala.
Bidiyo: Regina cherry review
Dasa cherries
Tare da dasa Regina, har ma da wani ɗan lambu mai ƙwarewar ƙwarewa bai kamata ya sami matsaloli ba. Mataki-mataki bayanin:
- Da farko dai, ya zama dole domin sanin wurin dasa bishiyar shuka. Dole ne ya cika waɗannan buƙatu:
- Kyakkyawan haske. Shadearamin inuwa mai yiwuwa ne, amma wanda ba a ke so.
- Ya kamata ya zama ya zama akalla 2.5 m.
- Smallaramar gangara na rukunin a kudu ko kudu maso yamma yana da kyawawa - zai tabbatar da gurɓatar narkewar ruwa da ruwan sama kuma, a sakamakon haka, rashin isowar ruwa.
- A kasar gona ya kamata sako-sako da lafiya permeable - m yashi loam da loam zai zama mafi kyau zaɓi.
- Maraba da kasancewar kariya ta halitta daga iska mai sanyi a arewa maso gabas a cikin tsari kamar shinge, itace mai kauri, ganuwar ginin, da dai sauransu, ana maraba da su.
- Sa'an nan, an zaɓi kwanakin dasawa - a yankuna tare da yanayin sanyi, farkon damina ana ɗauka mafi kyawun lokaci, lokacin da an shirya fure don farkawa. A cikin yankuna na kudu, yana da kyau a shirya saukowa a ƙarshen kaka. Tsire-tsire yakamata ya shiga cikin yanayin hutawa da watsar da ciyawar, amma har yanzu ya kamata kusan wata ɗaya kafin lokacin sanyi. Seedlings tare da rufaffiyar tsarin za a iya dasa a kowane lokaci - daga Maris zuwa Oktoba.
Shuke-shuke tare da rufaffiyar tsarin za a iya dasa a kowane lokaci daga Maris zuwa Oktoba
- A lokacin kaka, ana sayi seedlings, kuma a yanayin saukan dasa shuki, an aza su don ajiya a cikin shinge ko a haƙa a gonar.
- Makonni 2-3 kafin lokacin dasa shuki da aka shirya, an shirya rami mai saukar ungulu (idan aka shirya dasa shuki mai zaki a lokacin bazara, to yana da kyau a shirya ramin a lokacin bazara). Girman ramin an yi shi daidai da 0.8 m a zurfi da diamita, kuma duka girmansa ya cika da ƙasa mai gina jiki (an shirya shi ta haɗuwa da chernozem, peat, humus da yashi kogi daidai yake).
- A ranar shuka, yakamata a dasa tushen bishiyoyin cikin ruwa (yana da kyau a ƙara magunguna waɗanda ke taɓar da tushe a cikin ruwa, alal misali, Heteroauxin, Zircon, Kornevin, da dai sauransu) na tsawon awanni 2-4.
- A tsakiyar ramin, an shirya rami a girman wanda ya isa ya saukar da tushen seedling. An kafa ƙaramar maɓallin siffa a cikin rami.
- An saukar da dutsen seedling a cikin rami, yana sanya tushen wuyansa a saman mazugi, bayan haka Tushen yana rufe ƙasa gaba ɗaya, suna haɗa shi ƙasa-ƙasa. A lokaci guda, wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa tushen wuyansa yana ƙarewa a matakin ƙasa - ana aiwatar da wannan ta hanyar amfani da mashaya ko dogo.
Zai dace don sarrafa matsayin tushen wuyan seedling ta amfani da mashaya ko madauri
- Bayan haka, ana sutturar da ƙasa da kafaɗa daga rami mai saukowa, yana kafa da'irar kusa-da-tushe.
- Da yawa ruwa da seedling 3-4 buckets na ruwa.
Don shayar da seedling kana buƙatar bulan ruwa 3-4
- Bayan kwanaki 2-3, an kwance ƙasa kuma ta zama ƙasa tare da humus, peat, hay, furen fure, da sauransu.
- Farkon girbi na farko ana yin shi ne - don wannan, mai ba da sashin tsakiya yana taqaitaccen tsayi zuwa 0.8-1.2 m, kuma idan akwai rassa, to, an yanke su da 40-50%.
Idan ba a shuka bishiya ɗaya ba, amma rukuni, to, ana sanya tsire-tsire a jere a nesa na 2.5-3 m, kuma an sanya jera jeri daidai da 4 m.
Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa
Regina ba ta da ma'ana a cikin barin kuma ba ta buƙatar takamaiman hanyoyin. Abinda aka saba shine ya isa haka:
- Watering (quite rare - isa 3-4 a kowace kakar, amma yalwatacce).
- Manyan riguna (bisa ga ka'idodin al'adun gargajiya na yau da kullun).
- Scraps (an kafa kambi bisa ga tsarin ɓoyayyen-sier, ragowar scraps ɗin daidai ne).
Cututtuka da kwari: Yin rigakafi da iko
Tunda nau'ikan yana da rigakafi, don hana yiwuwar matsalolin, ya isa sosai don ɗaukar matakan kariya na yau da kullun ba tare da yin amfani da samfuran kariyar tsire-tsire ba:
- Tarin tattarawa da cirewa daga inda ganyen ya fadi.
- Digging na kasar gona kusa-da'irori a ƙarshen kaka.
- Lemun tsami farin fari na Trunks da kwarangwal rassan.
Ruwan lemun tsami na toho da rassan kwarangwal wani sashi ne na wajibi na matakan kariya
- Tsabtace tsabtace.
- Shigowar belts na farauta.
Zai yuwu (amma ba lallai ba ne) don amfani da maganin prophylactic don maganin cututtukan halittu don cututtuka (alal misali, Fitosporin-M) da kwari (Fitoverm, Iskra-Bio), da jagororin da aka haɗa. Magungunan sunadarai ne kawai a lokuta na kamuwa da cuta ko lokacin wani kwaro na kai hari.
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Shekaru da yawa na girma Regina zan iya "nuna" wa kawai matalauta pollination. Don haka, waɗanda ke yin niyyar karɓar amfanin gona mai girma ya kamata su kula sosai kan wannan batun.
Michurinets, yankin Cherkasy
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=11072
Ba zan ce Regina ta kasance nau'in-marigayi iri-iri ba. Wannan shekara ta kasance karamin gwajin amfanin gona. Daga cikin sifofin - mai dadi sosai. Girma na berries matsakaici ne.
Che_Honte, Melitopol
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=11072
Na sami ƙarin bayani mai ban sha'awa game da Regina da Cordia. A cikin bayanan da aka ambata an rubuta cewa don iri tare da matsalolin yiwuwar ƙwayoyin ovaries (alal misali, Regina da Cordia), ana bada shawarar pollinator na biyu. I.e. sun bayar da shawarar nau'ikan pollinator iri biyu don Cordia da Regina musamman moody.
Bavaria, Bavaria
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=11072
Wato, Regina da Cordia musamman mata masu daraja. Ba sa son yin pollin kansu, suna buƙatar mai aikin pollinator, kuma zai fi dacewa biyu. Mikirinist din ya kasance daidai, Regina da Cordia pollination sun cancanci kula sosai.
Iron, Balta
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=11072&page=2
Regina marigayi ceri iri-iri ne rashin kulawa a cikin Rasha. Yana da halaye masu girma na 'ya'yan itatuwa kuma yana da ban sha'awa ga haɓaka masana'antu. Yana da kyau a same shi a gonar - ana iya jin daɗin ɗanɗano berries na dogon lokaci. Amma dole ne ku kula da kasancewar masu samar da pollinators - ma ana samun seedlingsa seedlingsan su kuma a cikin keɓaɓɓen wuraren kiwon lafiyar da ke haɓaka Regina.
