Girma pears a Memorywaƙwalwar Yakovlev, Autumn Yakovlev da Abin da aka fi so na Yakovlev

Pears na kaka iri ne ko da yaushe cikin bukatar. Ofayan mafi kyau don tsiri na tsakiya, lambu da yawa da masana sunyi la'akari da nau'ikan Memory Yakovlev. Bugu da kari, akwai nau'in Autumn Yakovleva da Abinda aka fi so na Yakovleva. Menene waɗannan pears, yaya suke kama, kuma ta yaya suka bambanta? Wanne iri ne mafi kyau a zabi don dasa a gonar da kuma a gonar gona. Za mu taimaka muku gano hakan.

Kwatantawa da halayen nau'ikan pears a ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev, Autumn Yakovlev da Yakovlev's Favorite

An samo shi ta hanyar ƙetare tsohuwar (1909) Easternan gabashin gabashin gabashin Thoma tare da mazan (1847) Olivier de Serre na Faransanci. An samo juriya na hunturu, juriya scab, da farkon balaga daga matakin farko. Daga Faransa iyaye, da iri-iri samu kyakkyawan dandano da safarar 'ya'yan itacen, kazalika da m abin da aka makala daga cikin' ya'yan itacen zuwa tushe.

Tebur: Halayen kwalliya na nau'ikan kala-kala

Siffar 'ya'yan itacen' pear 'na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev tana da sifa-mai fasali, daɗaɗɗe

Rashin daidaituwa game da ire-irensu yanayine rashin daidaituwa na 'ya'yan itãcen da gaban ƙuraje mai baƙin ƙarfe tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Bidiyo: taƙaitaccen bayyani game da pear daga cikin ire-iren su Pamyat Yakovlev

Pear Autumn Yakovleva

Wasu lokuta ana kiran wannan nau'in Late Yakovleva ko hunturu Yakovleva, amma wannan ba daidai bane. An samo nau'ikan iri iri ta hanyar tsallakawa da pear Bergamot Esperin da ɗan 'yar uwan ​​Blanko na gida. Bayani mai dogaro game da waɗannan nau'ikan bai isa ba, an ba da wannan gaskiyar anan saboda gaskiyar cewa ire-iren Lyubimitsa Yakovleva da aka yi la’akari da su an kuma samo su ta hanyar tsallake waɗannan nau’ikan. Ta hanyoyi da yawa, waɗannan nau'ikan guda biyu suna kama da waɗanda ba su da alaƙa da nau'ikan ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev sai dai marubutan su.

'Ya'yan itãcen Autumn Yakovlev pear suna da tsari wanda bai dace ba, siffar zagaye-rhombic

Rashin dacewar nau'ikan suna da tsayi, rashin isasshen juriya mai ƙarfi da ƙarancin juriya ga scab.

Pear Mafi Kyawun Yakovlev

Da farko, wannan nau'ikan ya yadu a cikin mai son da kuma lambunan masana'antu, amma da sauri ya fara rasa mahimmancinsa.

Abin da aka fi so na Yakovleva ya fara kawo 'ya'ya a shekaru 5-6 bayan dasa

Rashin daidaituwa na nau'ikan sune: mediocre ɗanɗano 'ya'yan itatuwa, mai saukin kamuwa zuwa scab, tsayi.

Yadda za a dasa pears iri na Memory Yakovlev, mafi so Yakovlev, Autumn Yakovlev

Irƙiri microclimate mai dacewa shine abu na farko da ya kamata mai kula da lambu ya kula da shi lokacin da yake tunanin dasa shuki a kan wani wurin. A wannan yanayin, aikinsa zai kawo sakamakon da ake tsammani. Lu'u-lu'u yana son rana, yankuna masu sanyin iska tare da zurfin ruwan ƙasa. A cikin rami mai rauni, a kan ciyayi, za ta yi rashin lafiya kuma, wataƙila, za ta mutu. Iskokin sanyi na arewa ba zasu kawo fa'ida ga pear ba - yana da kyau a samu kariya daga garesu a cikin nau'ikan bishiyoyi masu dimbin yawa, shinge ko bango na gidan da yake daga arewa ko arewa maso gabas na ginin wurin saukar da itacen. Haka kuma, ya kamata a dasa pear a wani ɗan nesa daga shingen ko bishiyoyi don kada ya bayyana a cikin inuwa. Idan babu irin wannan kariyar, to a karo na farko ya kamata a gina shi da kansa. Don yin wannan, saka bangarorin katako kuma fenti su fari tare da lemun tsami. Irin wannan garkuwar ba kawai zata kare itaciyar daga iska mai karfi ba, amma kuma, tana haskakawa rana, hakan zai ba da haske da kuma zafi matashin. Ga al'ada ci gaba da fruiting na pear, ƙasa sako-sako da tare da tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan acidic dauki ake bukata. Alkaline kasa za su taimakawa ci gaban cututtuka kuma ba a yarda da su ba.

Yaya narkar da pears?

A lokacin kungiyar dasa pears na iri iri Lyubimitsa Yakovleva da Autumn Yakovleva, dole ne mu manta game da tsayin su. Don haka, ana shuka irin wannan pears tare da tazara tsakanin mita 4-4.5, lura da nisan dake tsakanin layuka tsakanin mita 5-6. Don pear mai rauni mai rauni a ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev, nisan kusan mita uku ya isa a jere, kuma an bar mita huɗu tsakanin layuka.

Nisa tsakanin manyan pears yakamata ya zama akalla 4-4.5 m, kuma tsakanin layuka - 5-6 m

Lokacin da aka dasa pear

A yankuna inda aka sifanta nau'in pear da aka sifanta ana yankawa, farkon farkon bazara ranar girbe ce. Zabi lokacin da tsire-tsire ba su fara girma ba, yaduwar tsiro bai fara ba, amma ƙasa ta bushe kuma ta fara dumama. Yawancin lokaci tsawon wannan lokacin gajere ne - kimanin makonni biyu. Amma idan kuna da lokaci don shuka seedling kawai a wannan lokacin, to, zai ɗauki tushen daidai, fara girma da girma da ƙarfi, faɗuwa zata sami ƙarfi don farkon hunturu.

Yaushe zaku samo seedling kuma menene kuke kula dashi?

Bisa manufa, ana iya sayo seedling a cikin bazara, amma a cikin zaɓin zaɓin kayan dasa kayan amfanin gona ya fi yawa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa al'ada a cikin al'adun ke haifar da digging na yawa na shuka a cikin bazara, kuma waɗancan tsire-tsire waɗanda suka ci gaba da kasancewa ba a bar su ba har sai lokacin bazara. Sabili da haka, yana yiwuwa a cikin bazara seedlings na yawan da ake so ba zai sayarwa ba ko tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin inganci zasu kasance.

Ana fahimtar ingataccen seedling don samun ingantaccen tsarin tushen haushi da haushi ba tare da lalacewa da fasa ba. Zai fi kyau idan ɗan itacen ya zama shekara ɗaya ko biyu. Shekaru uku da haihuwa tsofaffi suna ɗaukar tushe mafi muni, daga baya suka fara girma kuma daga baya suna bada 'ya'ya.

Pear seedlings dole ne ya kasance yana da tsarin bunƙasa mai kyau

Lingsalingsarin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta tare da tushen rufaffiyar na iya zama shekaru 3-5, kuma ana iya shuka su a kowane lokaci - daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.

Saplings da aka sayo a cikin kaka ana haƙa su a cikin ƙasa har sai lokacin bazara - saboda haka ana kiyaye su sosai. Don yin wannan, a cikin lambun kana buƙatar tono rami mai zurfi tare da zurfin kusan santimita talatin. Zuba karamin sandar yashi a ciki, wanda aka dasa ciyawar tare da tushen sa, kuma an sanya saman a gefen ramin. A baya can, Tushen an tsoma shi a cikin maganin mullein da yumbu. Daga nan sai aka rufe tushen da yashi kuma aka shayar da ruwa, kuma da farkon yanayin sanyi, ramin ya cika duniya. Kuna iya ajiye seedling a cikin ginin, idan akwai. Abin sani kawai kuna tabbata cewa iska za ta kasance a cikin kewayon 0-5 ° C.

Saplings da aka sayo a cikin kaka ana haƙa su a cikin ƙasa har sai lokacin bazara - saboda haka ana kiyaye su sosai

Matakan-mataki-mataki don dasa pear

Ko da kuwa da nau'ikan, jerin ƙasa kamar haka:

1. Da farko kuna buƙatar shirya rami mai saukowa. Tabbas, don yin shi mafi kyau a cikin faɗuwar rana - ba makawa cewa a cikin bazara akwai yanayin yanayi da zai dace da wannan makonni 2-3 kafin sauka. Don haka:
   1. Buƙatar tono rami. Girmanta ya ƙaddara gwargwadon yawan ƙwayar ƙasa. Kasar da ba ta da talauci, rami mafi girma. Don madaukai na yau da kullun, rami rami na 80 santimita da zurfin santimita 70-80 ya dace. A kan ƙasa masu yashi suna yin ramuka tare da ƙara 1-2 m³.
   2. A gaban m, ƙasa humus-mai ƙasa Layer, an ajiye shi don amfanin nan gaba.
   3. Don hana tsauraran ruwa akan kasa mai nauyi, yakamata a samar da magudanar ruwa. Don yin wannan, ana zubar da yumɓu, yumɓu, da tubalin da ya fashe a ƙarshen ramin. Kauri Layer - 10-15 santimita. Don kasa mai yashi, an maye gurbin magudanar ruwa tare da yumɓu mai yumɓu na kauri ɗaya, wanda zai yi aiki don riƙe danshi a cikin tushen yankin.
   4. Bayan haka, cika rami zuwa saman tare da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki, wanda aka shirya daga chernozem, peat, humus da yashi, wanda aka ɗauka daidai gwargwado. Hakanan ana ƙara gram 300-400 na superphosphate da kuma lita 3-4 na itace ash ga cakuda.
   5. Don hunturu, ya kamata a rufe ramin da kayan rufi, fim, Slate, da sauransu. Wannan ana yin sa ne saboda a farkon bazara babu leaching na kayan abinci a cikin ruwa narke.
2. A lokacin bazara, lokacin da lokacin shuka ya yi, sai su yi tonon sililin (su cire shi daga tushe) su bincika shi. Idan komai yayi kyau tare da shi, saiwoyin suka daɗe suna narkewa a cikin ruwa tare da ƙari na Heteroauxin, Kornevin, Epin ko makamantan tushen sa ƙwayoyin.
   

   Kafin dasa, Tushen pear seedlings suna soaked tsawon sa'o'i a ruwa

3. Bude rami kuma a tsakiyar sa sa rami girman tushen tsarin seedling. An kafa ƙaramar motsi a cikin ramin, kuma goma zuwa goma sha biyar santimitawa daga tsakiya yana motsa gungumen katako 100-130 santimita sama da ƙasa.
4. Rage seedling a kan ƙwanƙwasa don tushen wuyan ya sauka a saman, sai kuma Tushen ya daidaita kai tsaye.
5. Sun fara jujjuyawa daga tushen, suna shaƙe ƙasa a cikin yadudduka.
6. A sakamakon haka, tushen wuya ya kamata ya kasance a matakin ƙasa - wannan yana da mahimmanci.
7. Lokacin da rami ya cika - ƙulla seedling da fegi tare da kowane abu na roba. Zai fi kyau a yi wannan a cikin nau'in "takwas" don kada ku yi haushi.
8. An kafa aya ta kewayen kewayen rami, wanda zai rike ruwa lokacin ban ruwa. Ana yin wannan yawanci tare da mai yanke jirgin ko chopper.
9. Abu na gaba, kuna buƙatar shayar da itacen ɗanɗana da ruwa domin babu kumburin iska da ya rage a cikin ƙasa kuma yana da kyau kusa da asalin sa.
   

   Ruwa da seedlings da yawa domin kada wani iska sinuses kasance a cikin tushen yankin

10. Lokacin da farji na da'irar akwati ta bushe, yakamata a kwance shi a rufe shi da wani ciyawa mai kauri 5-8 santimita. Don waɗannan dalilai, zaka iya amfani da hay, bishiyar ruɓaɓɓen tsiro, takin, rassan spruce da sauran kayan mulching.
    

    Bayan shayar da seedling, ƙasa an kwance kuma mulched.
11. Yanke babban mai ba da gudummawar tsakiyar seedling zuwa girman 60-80 santimita, kuma rassan suna gajarta da 40-50%.

Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa

Pears yana buƙatar tsarin aikin gona na al'ada: watering, kayan miya, kayan kwalliya. Mun lura da wasu fasalolin waɗannan matakan.

Watse

Amfani da fari, kamar yadda aka nuna a kwatancin iri-iri, ba wani abu mai karfi bane game da ambaton Yakovlev da sauran nau'ikan biyu da ke ƙarƙashin kulawa. Don haka, dole ne a shayar dasu akai-akai, tare da adadin kwanakin 20-30. Farkon ruwa na kakar yawanci ana yinsa ne kafin fure mai fure, kuma na ƙarshe a watan Oktoba. Lokacin gudanar da ruwa, ya kamata ku bi wasu ka'idoji:

• Zurfin danshi na ƙasa ya kamata ya zama santimita 25-35.
• Itacen itacen kafin a ban ruwa yayyafa shi da ƙasa don hana hulɗa kai tsaye da ruwa. Don haka ku guji dasa wuyan wuya.
• Bayan an yi ruwa, ya kamata a kwance ƙasa don samar da iskar oxygen zuwa ga asalinsu.
• Mulching kasar gona na da'irar akwati zai baka damar riƙe danshi da kuma ƙara tazara tsakanin ruwa.
• Ya kamata a lokaci-lokaci duba yanayin mulching Layer - slugs da raspberries iya tara a ciki. A wannan yanayin, an cire ciyawa, an lalata kwari, ƙasa ta bushe. Mulching za a iya sake ci gaba a farkon ruwa.

Manyan miya

Shekaru 3-4 bayan dasawa, cakuda abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ramin dasawa zai fara narkewa. Hakanan kuma ta wannan lokacin, ana fara samun 'ya'yan itace a pear na Memory of Yakovlev, wanda ke buƙatar ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki. Tun daga wannan lokacin, za a buƙaci suttura babba a shekara.

• Ana amfani da takin gargajiya (takin, humus, peat) a bazarar don tono tare da tazara tsakanin shekaru 2-3. A matsayinka na mulkin, ana amfani da kilo 5 na taki a kowace murabba'in mita na kewayen akwati.
• A lokaci guda, amma tuni a shekara, an gabatar da takin mai magani na nitrogen (ammonium nitrate, urea, nitroammophosk, da sauransu). Yawan su shine 20-30 g / m².
• A cikin saurin haɓakar matasa harbe da 'ya'yan itatuwa, ana ƙara takin mai magani na potas (potassium sulfate, potassium monophosphate). Suna narkar da cikin ruwa kuma ana amfani dasu lokacin shayar da itacen. Amfani da takin zamani - 10-20 g / m².
• An ƙara Superphosphate don tono a cikin faduwa a farashin 20-30 g / m².
• Bugu da kari, don tallafawa shuka a lokacin 'ya'yan itace girma, an ciyar da shi sau biyu zuwa uku tare da ruwa infusions na ruwa. Don yin wannan, saka lita biyu na mullein ko kuma lita ɗaya na tsintsayen tsuntsaye a cikin ganga kuma cika shi da guga na ruwa. Barin a cikin wurin dumi don kwanaki 5-7 don fermentation, bayan haka ana tace shi kuma ana amfani dashi don ciyar. An zuba guga na ruwa tare da lita ɗaya na mai tattarawa a ciki ana zuba shi a kan muraba'in mita ɗaya na kewayen akwatin. Madadin mullein, zaka iya amfani da saiti, ciyawa, kowane ciyawa a cikin adadin kilo kilo 5 na guga na ruwa.
• Bugu da ƙari ga takin zamani na asali, ana buƙatar ƙananan abubuwa, don haka kar a manta da takaddun takaddun ma'adinai. Ana amfani dasu bisa ga umarnin da aka makala.

Yadda za a datsa pear

Akwai nau'ikan manyan nau'ikan pruning - gyaran fuska, tsarawa, goyan baya da tsabta. Ka'idoji don aiwatarwa sun dogara da tsayin itacen, siffar da girman rawanin. Autananan launuka Yakovleva da Favoraukakar Yakovleva sun yi kama - su biyun suna da itace mai tsayi tare da kambi mai wuya. Sabili da haka, ana iya haɗar bayanin ma'anar datsa na waɗannan nau'ikan.

Samuwar rawanin pear a ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev

Tunda itaciyar wannan nau'in itace karami, zamuyi amfani dashi domin samuwar ta hanyar kwano da aka inganta. Wannan nau'in yana ba da gudummawa ga kyakkyawar haske game da ƙarar ciki ta ciki da iskarsa. Yana ba da kulawa da kula da itace. Mataki-mataki-mataki na samar da amfanin gona kama da wannan:

1. A farkon bazara, shekara daya zuwa shekaru biyu bayan dasa shuki, bincika itace kuma zaɓi rassa uku zuwa huɗu a kansa, wanda yake nesa da santimita 15-20 daga juna. A lokaci guda, ya kamata su girma a cikin matakai daban-daban. Wadannan sune rassan kwarangwal nan gaba.
2. Yanke su zuwa tsawon tsawon 30-40 santimita.
3. Duk sauran rassan an yanke su gaba ɗaya.
4. An datse mai jagoran tsakiya akan gindin reshen reshe.
5. Bayan shekaru 1-2, sai suka fara samar da rassa na tsari na biyu. Don yin wannan, akan kowane reshe na kwarangwal, an zaɓi harbe guda biyu waɗanda ke nesa daga santimita 50-60 daga juna kuma a yanka zuwa tsawon 40-50 santimita.
6. Duk sauran rassan kwarangwal an cire su.
7. A nan gaba, kambi na itacen zai yi kauri sosai, wanda zai buƙaci girmar shekara-shekara, wanda aka yi a farkon bazara ta hanyar cire wani ɓangaren harbe da ke girma a kambi. Suna yin wannan a cikin iyakataccen iyaka, tun da yake yawan girka ya ƙunshi ɗan rage yawan amfanin ƙasa.
   

   Samuwar kambi azaman kwano mai haɓaka yana ba da gudummawa ga kyakkyawar haske game da ƙwarjin ciki da iskarsa

Halittar rawanin na pears Autumn Yakovleva da Yakovlev ta Fi so

Ga waɗannan pears, bisa la’akari da tsayi, ya fi ma'ana idan a yi amfani da abin da ya kamalla. Yin shi ya ɗan fi rikitarwa fiye da ɗaya mai kama da kofin, amma abu ne mai sauƙin samun mai kula da lambun novice. Don yin wannan, a hankali nazarin umarnin matakan-mataki:

1. A farkon bazara, a shekara ta 2-3 bayan dasawa, kuna buƙatar zaɓar rassan kwarangwal mai zuwa 2-3 na farkon matakin farko akan itace. A saboda wannan, rassan da ke tsakanin tazara na santimita 15 sun dace, kuma ƙananan ya kamata ya kasance a tsawo na kusan santimita santimita huɗu daga ƙasa. An yanke waɗannan rassa zuwa tsawon santimita 30-40.
2. An cire sauran rassan, kuma an yanke mai jagoran na tsakiya saboda ya zama santimita 20-30 sama da rassan kwarangwal.
3. Bayan shekaru 1-2 sama da rassan rukunin farko, an kafa sashin na biyu na ƙasusuwa bisa ƙa'idar guda ɗaya.
4. A waccan lokacin, wasu rassan sun yi girma a cikin rassan matakin farko. Daga gare su suna yin rassa na biyu na itace 1-2 a kowane reshe mai kwarangwal, an yanke sauran. Nisa tsakanin rassan tsari na biyu ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin santimita 50-60 kuma yanke su zuwa tsawon santimita 30-40.
5. An sake yin bugu na tsakiya don haka ya zama santimita 30-40 a saman rassan kwarangwal.
6. Bayan shekara daya ko biyu masu zuwa, an samar da kashi na uku da na ƙarshe daga kwarangwal kwarangwal bisa ga tsoffin hanyoyin da aka saba dasu.
7. A ƙarshen, an yanke babban injin sama sama da tushe na reshen kwarangwal na sama.
8. Tun da nau'ikan la'akari ba shi da sauƙin ɗaukar kambi, ba za su iya buƙatar girmar aiki ba.

A lokacin da sparse-tier samuwar kambi ya kamata bi ka'idar subordination. Ya ƙunshi gaskiyar cewa rassan rukunin na uku ya kamata ya zama ya fi guntu fiye da rassan matakin na biyu, kuma waɗanda, bi da bi, sun fi guntu da na matakin farko.

Don pears iri iri Autumn Yakovleva da Yakovleva's Favour, ana amfani da tsarin kambi mai ƙyalli-tier

Amfanin gona

Wannan pruning wajibi ne ba tare da yin la’akari da ire-iren pear ba kuma ana kokarin ci gaba da kasancewa mai ma'ana akai. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar abin da ake kira ƙaramar harbe, wanda ya ƙunshi ta rage su da santimita 5-10. Wannan yana haifar da bayyanar ƙarin rassan overgrowing rassan wanda akan dage farawar 'ya'yan itace. Wannan hanyar tana samun sauƙin shiga zuwa farkon mai lambu. Bayan haka, zai iya sarrafa wata hanya mai rikitarwa, wacce ta kunshi maye gurbin harbe mai haifar 'ya'yan itace tare da maye gurbi bisa ga nau'in innabi.

Gardenerswararrun lambu suna amfani da hanyar sauya harbe fruiting tare da harbe-harbe

Tsabtace tsabtace

Kowane kaka, ba tare da la'akari da nau'in pear ba, ana cire rassa, lalatattun rassan da marasa lafiya. Idan irin wannan buƙatar ta taso, to ana maimaita tsabtacewa a farkon bazara.

Yadda za a datsa pears da kyau

Dukkanin nau'ikan nau'ikan sarewa dole ne a aiwatar dasu bisa ka'idojin jama'a:

• Dole ne a yiwa masu ba da kariya, masu kare sirri, yan izala, mashi, wuƙa kafin a datsa.
• Hakanan kuma kayan aikin yankan ya kamata a kula dasu tare da mai maganin maye, misali:
  • 1% maganin maganin jan karfe;
  • 3% hydrogen peroxide bayani;
  • 3% maganin potassium permanganate;
  • barasa, da sauransu.
• Bayan datsa, ba za a iya barin ƙugiyoyi da hemp ba. Bayan bushewa, za su fara jujjuyawa kuma su zama hotbed na cututtukan fungal, da kuma mafaka ga kwari. Lokacin yankan rassan, yi amfani da dabarar “akan zobe”.
  

  Yanke rassa gabaɗaya suna amfani da dabarar “zobe”

• Duk sassan, diamita wanda ya wuce milimita goma, ana buƙatar tsabtace shi da kyau tare da wuka kuma an rufe shi da wani yanki na lambu var.

Gardenerswararrun lambu sun ba da shawarar guji yin amfani da vars na lambu dangane da petrolatum ko wasu samfuran mai, saboda wannan yana cutar da shuka. Akwai mahadi dangane da abubuwan halitta (lanolin, beeswax) - ya kamata a fifita su.

Cututtuka da kwari - manyan wakilai da matakan kulawa

Tare da aiwatar da ayyukan yau da kullun na aikin gona, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa pears na iya shafar wasu cututtuka da kwari. Don haka, bai kamata kuyi tsammanin irin wannan bala'in ba, amma a lokaci don aiwatar da aikin tsafta da hanawa.

Yin rigakafin

Yi aiki a kan rigakafin cututtuka da kwari a cikin mafi yawan lokuta yana taimakawa don guje wa kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar cututtukan fungal da tsayayya da mamayewar kwari.

Tebur: nau'ikan kulawa suna aiki a gonar

Pear cutar Cutar

Pewaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev tana da babbar rigakafi don scab, kuma nau'in Autumn Yakovleva da Lyubimitsa Yakovleva suna da dabi'ar wannan cuta. Kuma kuma pears za a iya shafi sauran fungal cututtuka. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, aiwatar da matakan rigakafin da aka bayyana na hana kamuwa da cuta, don haka za mu gabatar da ɗan lambu a taƙaice ga wakilan wakilai, ba tare da shiga cikin bayanai masu yawa ba.

Scab

Wannan shine cutar da ta fi yawan pears da bishiyun apple. An bayyana hakan ta hanyar samuwar gurbi-zaitun mai launin toka a jikin bangon ganyen sannan sai tabo ya bayyana tuni akan 'ya'yan itaciyar, a hankali suka juye izuwa wasu. Fatar ta fara toshewa, da wuya, baƙin ƙarfe, na faci mai kaho a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari zama ba dole ba.

Pears Autumn Yakovleva da Yakovlev da aka fi so ana bugun su sau da yawa

Moniliosis

Moniliosis cuta ne na fungal wanda ke shafar ba kawai pear ba, har ma da sauran bishiyoyi. Mafi sau da yawa, kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa a lokacin fure - ƙudan zuma kan kawo ƙafafunsu na ƙwayar cuta tare da pollen. A bayyane yake cewa fure ya shafi da farko abin ya shafa. Daga nan naman gwari ya bazu cikin ƙwaro da kwarkwata zuwa harbe da ganye. Duk waɗannan sassan tsire-tsire suna karɓar abin da ake kira ƙonewa na Monilial. Yankunan da abun ya shafa na pear za, kauda su kuma baƙi. Ganin wannan sabon abu, yakamata a yanke kullun da ke da cutar tare da kama sassan lafiya masu santimita 20-30. Bayan wannan ci gaba tare da maganin fungicide. A lokacin rani, naman gwari suna lalata 'ya'yan itacen, suna haifar da cuta irin su launin toka ko' ya'yan itacen ci.

A lokacin rani, moniliosis yana shafar 'ya'yan itacen pear, yana haifar da cuta kamar launin toka ko' ya'yan itacen ci.

Soot naman gwari

A cikin rabin na biyu na bazara, lokacin da aphids sau da yawa ya bayyana akan tsire-tsire, pear mai naman fata zai iya shafawa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa mayyar aphid mai ban sha'awa ƙasa ƙasa ce ta wannan naman naman. Wani farin shafi mai launin fari-mai haske yana bayyana akan ganyayyaki da fruitsa ofan itacen pear, wanda daga baya yayi baƙi, mai kama da kullun. Da farko, ya zama dole a yi yaƙi da aphids, kuma fungicides zai taimaka wajen jimre wa naman naman da ya riga ya bayyana.

A cikin ganyayyaki da 'ya'yan itaciya na lu'u-lu'u da aka shafa ta naman alade, wani farin farin-launin fari-mai launin shuɗi ya bayyana, wanda daga baya yake baƙi, mai kama da kullun

Karin Kwalliya

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, matakan rigakafin sun fi tasiri a cikin kulawar kwaro. Kuma hakika, ya yi latti don yin yaki da malam buɗe ido lokacin da caterpillars sun riga sun fashe daga ƙwayayensu kuma suka shiga cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa. Haɗu da manyan "masoya" don cin abinci a kan 'ya'yan itatuwa da ganyen pear.

Aphids

Sanannen abu ne cewa aphids akan rawanin bishiyoyi suna ɗauke da tururuwa, wanda, kamar naman alade na soty, kamar cinye ƙoshin sukari na waɗannan ƙananan kwari. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, suna kan gindin ganye tare da ba su ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Bayan haka, ganyen ya juya kuma ana iya gano wannan alamar game da harin aphid. Bayan wannan maganin, tuntuɓar maganin kwari da ke ƙasa sun rasa ingancinsu, tunda mafita ba ya shiga cikin ganyayyaki masu juya. Zai rage kawai don cire ganyen da abin ya shafa. A bayyane yake ta hanyar kwashe tururuwa daga wurin, malamin gona kuma yana kawar da aphids.

Aphids akan kambin pear ana ɗauke da tururuwa

Pear asu

Smallan ƙaramin, malam buɗe ido mai launin ruwan ƙasa ya sanya ƙwai a cikin ƙasa. Macizai wadanda suka fito daga jikinsu sunyi jifa akan bishiya, suka shiga 'ya'yan itaciyar, bayan wannan za'a iya gano su ta bayyanar ramuka da kwararowar lemu. Irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna rasa darajar kasuwancin su - ana iya amfani dasu kawai don sarrafawa, yanke sassan da abin ya shafa.

Catarfin kwarin itacen pear na shiga cikin fruitsya .an

Pear irin ƙwaro

Wannan kwaro wakili ne na tauraron kwaro. Yana sanya hibernates a cikin ƙasa na da'irar bishiya da ganye. Idan beetles overwinter a amince - tare da farkon bazara, sai suka yi rarrafe daga ƙasa kuma suka hau kambi na itace. A wannan lokacin, yawanci ganyayyaki da furanni basu gama fure ba, don haka ƙwaro zai fara ciyar da ɗimbin fure, yana tonon cikin budsan itacen. Nan gaba, za su iya cin ganye, da furanni, da harbe-harben matasa. Mai lambun mai jan hankali tuni ya fahimci menene matakan kariya zasu taimaka masa ya hana wannan mamayewa. Idan har yanzu kwalliyar ta bayyana a jikin bishiyar, to a farkon bazara, lokacin da har yanzu sanyi, za'a iya magance matsalar kawai ta hanyar tara lesalesan itacen da hannu. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da fasalin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta don kasancewa cikin yanayin wawanci a yanayin zafi low. Da safe, lokacin da iska ba ta daɗaɗa wuta ba, zaku iya shimfiɗa wasu masana'anta a ƙarƙashin pear kuma girgiza ƙwanƙwasa a kai.

Tare da farkon bazara, gwozayen fure suka fashe daga ƙasa suka hau rawanin itace

Sake Gani

A cikin tunawa da Yakovlev (ko da yake, bara ta sauka zuwa bara na shekara 2), dusar ƙanƙara ta daskarewa.

Anina, Moscow

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Autumn Yakovleva na da matukar rauni daga scab kuma ba lokacin sanyi ba ne sosai-har ma da arewacin yankin Kaluga, don haka na kawar da shi ...

AndreyV, Yankin Kaluga

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Autumn Yakovleva ne mai matukar kyau da kuma m pear, shi sau da yawa freezes, scab kuma ya faru. Wannan nau'ikan sau da yawa yana rikicewa tare da wasu nau'in Yakovlevsky ko siffofin da basu riga sun shude ba. Abokina ya ba 'ya'yan itaciyar farko na tsawon shekara 9, kuma a waccan shekarar tana da sanyi. A cikin tsohon kambi na maganin yana girma, shekara ta biyar, ba a sami fure ba tukuna.

babay133, Tambov

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Memorywaƙwalwar Yakovlev cikakke ne ba tare da kirkirar komai ba. Kamar cire thickening harbe. Ina da wannan pear, sabanin wasu tare da mai jagoran tsakiya, amma ita kanta tana kafa kambi mai yada.

lambu, yankin Ryazan

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Karatu kan ra'ayoyin tattaunawar game da lu'u-lu'u iri-iri Pamyat Yakovlev, Ni mai asara ne. Ina da vaƙwalwar Yakovlev mai shekaru 18 daga shekaru uku da haihuwa kai tsaye, ya bambanta da nau'ikan 19 da aka gwada. Na sayar da kimanin shuka 600 a ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev a yankin na - babu korafi. A cikin adalci, ya kamata a lura da nisan mil 15 daga lambuna wanda ɗan kwararren masanin lambu ya sami iri-iri a wannan hunturu.

Andrey Ilyushin, Pachelma, Yankin Penza

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Komai ya bayyana sarai daga tunanin Yakovlev. Hunturu hard a maki a gefe na yiwu. Kuna iya girma a yankinmu, amma a cikin gidajen Aljannah ne kawai tare da microclimate mai nasara. Misali, a cikin lambuna mai sanyi, ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev tana daskarewa tare da ladabi mai girman gaske gwargwadon matakin dusar ƙanƙara. Kuma a cikin lambu kawai mita 300 hawa sama, na seedling a cikin tunawa da Yakovlev girma da kyau kuma ya haifi 'ya'yan itace. Maigidan ya yi farin ciki da ita. Yayi daidai lokacin hunturu 'yan digiri biyu ne, wanda kowa yake canzawa. Bugu da kari, iri-iri suna da farfadowa mai ban mamaki ko da bayan daskarewa mai zafi. Kyakkyawan iri iri, amma ba kowa ba.

AlexanderR, yankin Nizhny Novgorod

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Daran wasan Yakovleva a cikin 2006 ya tsaya a -42, a wannan shekara ta ba da 'ya'yan itace da yawa, amma saboda fari,' ya'yan itacen sun kasance kaɗan, amma sun girma kamar yadda aka saba (ba a farkon Satumba 10 ba) bushe da zaki,

babay133, Tambov

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Ina da P. Yakovlev, kamar kowa, ba tsayi, kyawawan manyan 'ya'yan itaciyar suturar ciniki, m, ɗan tart. Amma a wasu shekaru, granulation ya faru.

Maris, yankin Moscow

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Re: A ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev, iri-iri suna da kyau sosai don aiki. Gasa pear p.a. Very dadi ta jam da compotes. Don maganin zafi, wannan shine mafi kyawun daraja.

yoan, syzran

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Pear Lyubimitsa Yakovleva ya riga ya zama da wuya a bukatar, kamar yadda aka maye gurbinsu da sababbin iri. Autumn Yakovleva ya shahara sosai saboda babban godiya da dandano da safarar 'ya'yan itacen. Jagoran nau'ikan da ake la'akari dashi shine pear na Memorywaƙwalwar Yakovlev saboda saiti na halaye masu kyau - haihuwa, farkon balaga, tsananin sanyi, ƙwarƙwalwar haɓaka da kyakkyawan dandano na fruitsan combineduwa hade da ƙarfin su da ƙarfi.