Plwararren itace mai ruwan itace itace sanannen 'ya'yan itace. 'Yan lambu da manoma ne ke shuka shi saboda ƙanƙanyan lemuran da yake ci waɗanda masu sayen ke so. Alycha Tsarskaya wakilci ne mai dacewa na al'adarta.
Bayanin ceri plum iri-iri Tsarskaya
An samo iri-iri ta hanyar shayarwa na Kwalejin Aikin Noma na Moscow, ba a cikin Rijistar Jiha ba. Sabili da haka, dole ne ka amince da kwatancin bayanai daban-daban, wuraren kiwon lafiya da sake dubawa na lambu.
Itace ba ta yi tsayi ba, har zuwa 2.5. Gwanin yana da lebur mai kauri, matsakaici mai kauri. Itace tana da hali irin na tsiro. Resistancewararren sanyi na Tushen yayi ƙasa, itace tayi kyau (gwargwadon sake dubawa, yana tsayayya da daskararru ƙasa zuwa -35 ° C), fure mai fure yana matsakaici. Wasu lambu suna da'awar cewa tushen ceri plum Tsarskaya na iya daskare riga lokacin da yanayin ƙasa ya faɗi zuwa -9 ° C. Bambancin farkon balaguro yana da girma - tsire-tsire wanda aka harhada ya shiga fruiting a cikin shekara ta 2nd-3rd. Yawan aiki yana da girma kuma na yau da kullun. Yawancin yana da ƙarshen ripening - an girbe amfanin gona a watan Agusta - Satumba. Lambu suna lura da babban juriya ga manyan cututtuka. Rashin haƙuri mai matsakaici ne matsakaici.
Lokacin fure ya makara, wanda ke kare fure daga dawo da daskararru.
Alycha Tsarskaya blooms marigayi
Cherry plum Tsar shine mai ɗaukar kansa, wato, ba tare da pollinators ba, 'ya'yan itacen ba zasu saita ba. Mafi kyawun pollinators sune irin waɗannan nau'in ceri cherry:
- Kuban comet;
- An samo;
- Matafiyi
- Cleopatra
- Alkawari;
- Kyautar St. Petersburg;
- Mara.
A berries rawaya, zagaye, matsakaici sized. Yawan nauyin 'ya'yan itace guda 23 g. Fatar ta yi kauri, santsi, launin rawaya a launi da karamin kakin zuma mai laushi. Jiki mai rawaya yana da yawa, mai laushi, mai daɗi, mai daɗi tare da ƙaramin acidity.
Berries na ceri plum Tsarskaya taso, launin rawaya
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na duniya. Tsaye da kuma ɗaukar hoto suna da kyau.
Cherry plum saukowa
Abu ne mai sauki ka dasa tsirwar tsirrai ta Tsar, amma don samun kyakkyawan sakamako kana buƙatar bin ka'idodi sosai. Zabi mafi kyawun wuri don shuka shine ainihin matakin da rayuwar rayuwar bishiyar ta gaba ta dogara dashi. Tun da tushen ceri plum Tsarskaya suna iya daskarewa da narkewa, ko da ruwa sosai a cikin da'irar kusa-na iya zama mai mutuwa. Itace zai girma mafi kyau a gangaren kudu ko kudu maso yamma tare da zurfin ruwan ƙasa. Daga arewa ko arewa maso gabas, ana buƙatar kariya daga iska mai sanyi. Zai iya zama bishiyoyi masu kauri, bango na gini ko shinge. Itace ya kamata ya sami hasken rana mai yawa kuma a sami iska mai kyau, amma ana kiyaye shi daga abubuwan da aka tsara. Abun da ke cikin ƙasa ba shi da wuyar ganewa - babban abinda ya faru shi ne cewa yana da tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ƙaramin alkaline. Amma cikin sharuddan tsari, abubuwan da ake buƙata sun yi girma - ceri mai ruwan gwal yana buƙatar rijiyoyin da ƙasa kwance.
Idan ceri plum seedlings da rufaffiyar tushen tsarin, to, kwanakin dasa zai iya zama wani - daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.
Mafi sau da yawa, mai lambu yana hulɗa da tsarin tushen tushen - ya kamata a dasa irin wannan shuka a cikin yanayin barci. Mafi kyawun lokacin don wannan shine farkon bazara, kafin ya fara gudanawar ruwan 'ya'yan itace.
Matakan saukarwa mataki-mataki-mataki
Dokokin saukowa da jerin ayyukan:
- A cikin kaka, nurseries fara babban digging na seedlings, kuma shi ne a wannan lokacin cewa nan gaba itace ya kamata a samu. Bai kamata ku jinkirta sayan ba har sai lokacin bazara - za a sake sayar da mafi kyawun kwafin, don haka dole ku gamsu da abin da ya saura.
- Zabi seedling bisa ga sauki ma'auni:
- Shekaru - 1 ko 2. A cikin mafi yawan balagagge jihar, itaciyar jure dashi dasa muni, yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don ɗauka tushe kuma daga baya ya shiga fruiting.
- Tushen Tushen yana da haɓaka, tare da tushen fibrous, ba tare da ci gaban ƙarfe da cones ba.
Tushen tushen seedling ya kamata a inganta sosai
- Haushi ya yi laushi, ba tare da fasa da lalacewa ba.
- Sanya seedling don ajiya a ɗayan hanyoyi biyu:
- An binne shi a cikin ƙasa. Don yin wannan:
- Tono rami mara zurfi (30-40 cm), tsawon sa ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da girman dutsen.
- Wani karamin yashi (10-12 cm) yashi yana zuba a ƙasan.
- Tushen seedling ana tsoma shi cikin daskararren yumbu ja da mullein.
- Sanya seedling a cikin rami da yake obliquely.
- Cika Tushen da yashi da ruwa.
- Cika ramin tare da ƙasa zuwa saman, barin kawai saman seedling a farfajiya.
An haɗu da seedling a gonar kuma adana shi har sai lokacin bazara.
- Zuwa cikin ginshiki Wannan zabin yana yiwuwa ne idan an kula da yawan zafin jiki na cikin ƙasa a 0 ... + 5 ° C. A cikin ginshiki, an sanya akwati na katako tare da yashi, wanda aka sanya tushen seedling kuma ya sanyaya.
- An binne shi a cikin ƙasa. Don yin wannan:
- Hakanan ana buƙatar shirya rami saukowa a cikin fall. Shin shi kamar haka:
- A cikin yankin da suka shirya sun tono rami tare da diamita na 70-80 cm. zurfin na iya zama iri ɗaya. Da girma girman ramin, za a saka cakudadden abinci mai gina jiki a ciki kuma mafi kyawun itacen nan gaba zai ji. Gaskiya ne gaskiya ga matalauta, ƙasa mai yashi.
- Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, yumɓu, shirya maɓallin magudanar ruwa. Don yin wannan, ana zubar da yadudduka, yumɓu mai yumɓu, bulo mai fashewa, da dai sauransu, ƙasansa ta zama 10 cm.
- Ragowar sararin samaniya yana cike da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki wanda ya kunshi sassa ɗaya:
- humus ko takin;
- peat;
- chernozem;
- yashi.
Dasa rami cike da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki
- 3-4 l na itace ash da 300-400 g na superphosphate an ƙara. Haɗa kyau tare da felu ko fffork.
- Sun rufe shi da kayan da aka gyara (fim, kayan rufi, kwance) don narkewa ruwa ba ya wanke abinci mai gina jiki.
- Lokacin da lokacin shuka ya yi, sai su fitar da kwarkwata daga mazaunin kuma su bincika. Idan an samo tushen lalacewa, an yanka.
- Jiƙa Tushen cikin ruwa na tsawon awanni 2-3. Zai yi kyau idan ka ƙara haɓaka haɓakawa da ginuwar tushen zuwa ruwa. Waɗannan magunguna ne kamar:
- Kornevin;
- Epin;
- Heteroauxin da sauransu.
- Suna cire wani ɓangare na ƙasa daga ramin domin tushen tsarin seedling zai iya dacewa da yardar rai.
- An zuba ƙaramin motsi, a saman sa wanda aka sanya seedling, kuma tushen ya shimfiɗa a kan gangara.
Ya kamata a yada tushen tsirai a tsaunukan.
- Suna bacci tare da cakuda kayan abinci mai gina jiki a cikin allurai 3-4. Kowane Layer yana da tamped. Sun tabbata cewa a sakamakon haka, tushen wuyansa yana kan matakin ɗaya tare da ƙasa ko kamar santimita biyu sama.
- Yin amfani da cakulan ko ploskorez samar da da'irar da-kusa.
- Shayar da itaciyar da ruwa sosai domin duka girman ramin ya bushe. Wannan ya zama dole domin kasa ta kasance kusa da tushen kuma babu iska a ciki kusa da su.
Ka shayar da itaciyar da ruwa mai yalwa har ma daukacin ramin ya bushe
- Bayan kwanaki 1-2, an kwance ƙasa kuma an rufe ta da ciyawa. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da hay, rassan spruce, humus, da sauransu.
- Sun fara samar da kambi - yanke itace zuwa tsayin 60-80 cm. Idan rassan sun riga sun girma akan gangar jikin, ya kamata a yanke su cikin rabi.
Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa
A kan aiwatar da girma ceri plum, Tsarskaya amfani da hanyoyin aikin gona da dabaru na yau da kullun.
Watse
Rashin haƙuri a cikin ƙwayar ceri mara kyau, saboda haka kuna buƙatar shayar da shi a kai a kai. Yawancin lokaci suna fara shayarwa a lokacin fure sannan kuma sake maimaita su kowane wata. Treeswararrun bishiyoyi, waɗanda tushensa har yanzu suke ci gaba, na iya buƙatar ƙarin matakai akai-akai, musamman ma a lokacin zafi, lokacin bushewa. Watering an kammala a cikin fall - a watan Oktoba - Nuwamba, abin da ake kira ban ruwa-caji ne da za'ayi. A lokacin ban ruwa, ana sarrafa zurfin danshi na ƙasa - ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 25-30 cm. Kowane lokaci bayan bushewa na kasar gona ya kamata a kwance shi da mulched.
Manyan miya
Da takin zamani da aka sanya a cikin rami na dasa ya isa itaciyar a farkon shekarun rayuwa. Additionalarin ƙarin gabatarwar za a buƙaci bayan shigar fruiting, lokacin da za a ciyar da abubuwan gina jiki na rayuwa a kan samuwar berries.
Tebur: abun da ke ciki da kuma adadin ceri plum saman miya
| Sunan taki | Kwanaki da mita na aikace-aikace | Dosages da hanyoyin |
| Kwayoyin halitta (takin, peat, humus) | A cikin bazara ko kaka tare da mita na shekaru 2-3 | Kusa kusa da kasar gona na da'irar gangar jikin akan kudi 5-6 kg / m2 |
| Tsarin kwayoyin halitta | Filin saukar da furanni. 2-3 sau tare da mita na makonni 2-3 | Pre-nace a cikin guga ɗaya na ruwa na mako guda 2 kilogiram na mullein. Za a iya maye gurbinsu da 1 kg na tsuntsu ko kuma kilogiram 5 na ciyawar da aka yanke. Amfani da ban ruwa, dilging da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 1 zuwa 10. Yi amfani da guga ɗaya a cikin 1 m2 da'irar akwati |
| Nitrogen (nitonium nitrate, urea, nitroammofosk) | A cikin bazara na kowace shekara, sai dai shekarar da ake amfani da takin gargajiya | Tsage a kan ƙasa 20-30 g / m2 taki da tono |
| Potash (potassium monophosphate, potassium sulfate) | Bayan fure. Idan babu wani fure - ba da gudummawa | Narke cikin ruwa lokacin shayarwa akan farashin 10-20 g / m2 |
| Phosphoric (superphosphate) | A cikin faduwar kowace shekara | Yayyafa a kan ƙasa 30-40 g / m2 taki da tono |
| Hadakar | Aiwatar bisa ga umarnin da aka makala | |
Murmushi yayi
Alyche Tsarskaya tana buƙatar girka ta yau da kullun. Waɗannan suna daga waɗannan nau'ikan:
- Kirkiro kayan kwalliya shine mafi mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar kambi daidai. Don bishiyar da ba ta da tushe irin ta Tsar cherry plum, samuwar ingantaccen nau'in "kwano" ya fi dacewa, wanda zai baka damar haskaka kwatankwacin kambi kuma samar da sauƙin kulawa da girbi. Zasu kwashe shi a farkon bazara a farkon 4-5 bayan dasa.
Don bishiyar da ba ta da tushe irin ƙwayar tsintsiyar tsintsaye ta Tsar, samuwar ingantaccen nau'in "kwano" ya fi dacewa
- Ana amfani da ingantaccen girki lokacin da ya cancanta. Idan kambi ya yi kauri, ana yin harbe harbe a ciki, har da fi, a yanka. Gudanar da hanya a farkon bazara.
- Ana buƙatar sarrafa kayan talla don kula da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ana yin sa ne a lokacin bazara ta rage saurayi da yawansu ya kai cm 10 cm.Wannan ana kiran wannan dabarar.
- Tsabtace tsabtace jiki ya ƙunshi cire busassun busassun, ya lalace da kuma cututtuka. Ana yin sa a ƙarshen kaka da (ko) farkon bazara.
Bidiyo: yadda ake datsa ceri plum
Tushen damarar
Saboda ƙarancin yanayin hunturu na tushen tsarin, ana buƙatar rufe filayen ceri don hunturu tare da kututturen bishi tare da ciyawa mai ƙarancin ƙarancin 10 cm. Kuna iya amfani da bambaro, cinn cinik, siriri na sunflower ko buckwheat, sawun ruɓaɓɓen fata, da dai sauransu Tare da farawa na hunturu, rufe da'irar gangar jikin tare da ƙarin dusar ƙanƙara tare da kauri zuwa 60 cm.
Don lokacin hunturu, tushen tushen ceri plum Tsarskaya an rufe shi da wani yanki na ciyawa
Cutar plum cututtuka da kwari
Plwararren ƙwayar cuta yana da tsayayya da manyan cututtuka da kwari, amma matakan kariya da tsabtace jiki waɗanda ke taimaka wa kamuwa da cututtukan fungal da hare-haren ƙwari bai kamata a yi watsi da su ba.
Tebur: ainihin tsabta da matakan kariya
| Suna na abubuwan da suka faru | Kwanaki | Zangon aiki |
| Ana Share tsabtace tsirrai da ganyayyaki bushe | Autumn bayan ganye fall | Domin lalatar da ɓarnar fungal, duk rassan da aka yanke, ciyawa da ganyayyaki bushe suna ƙone. Sakamakon ash yana adana don amfani dashi a miya. |
| Tsabtace tsabta na bishiyoyi | Autumn da bazara, da in babu ya kwarara ruwan itace | |
| Dubawa da lura da haushi | Lokacin bazara | Idan an gano lalacewar haushi, tokar a cikin kyallen takarda masu kyau, an lalata su da maganin 1% na sulfate jan karfe kuma an rufe shi da wani yanki na varnish |
| Lemun tsami fari white | Fadowa | Fusoshin da kuma rassan farin ciki suna cikin farin ciki tare da ƙaramin lemun tsami tare da ƙari na 1% sulfate jan karfe |
| Digging na kasar gona na rassan itace | Karshe faduwa | Yawo kamar yadda ya kamata, da zai fara da farkon sanyi. A wannan yanayin, karin kwari da aka ɗora akan saman hunturu a cikin ƙasa zasu mutu daga sanyi |
| Feshi mai kambi da ƙasa tare da jan karfe na tagulla | Autumn, farkon bazara | Yi amfani da maganin 3% na sulfate na jan karfe ko ruwa na Bordeaux |
| Shigowar belts na farauta | A farkon bazara | Farauta bel an yi ta ne da fim mai kauri, jijiyar rufi, da sauransu. |
| Spraying tare da iko duniya magungunan kashe qwari | Farkon bazara kafin ya kwarara ruwan itace | Yi amfani da DNOC sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2 da Nitrafen (kowace shekara) |
| Tsarin fungicide spraying | Bayan fure, sannan tare da tazara na makonni 2-3 | An tabbatar da magunguna:
Aiwatar da su maimakon sau 3 a kowanne lokaci saboda tsirrai da aka saba dasu |
Wataƙila cututtuka
Babban cututtukan da ke yiwuwa na ceri plum sune fungal. Zai zama da amfani a san alamominsu da hanyoyin magani.
Ganyen jan ganye (polystigmosis)
An bayyana cutar a cikin bayyanar a cikin ganyayyaki, sannan kuma a kan 'ya'yan itaciya masu launin shuɗi-launin ruwan kasa. Bayan haka, ganyayyaki sun bushe kuma suka faɗi, 'ya'yan itacen sun zama marasa lafiya, ƙanshinsu yana raguwa. Kula da lokaci tare da fungicides zai taimaka wajen magance cutar.
Polystigmosis tsokani faduwar ganye
Kleasterosporiosis (karkatar da tabo)
Polystigmosis-kamar cuta. Bambanci shi ne cewa bayan bayyanar launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi-ganye akan ganyayyaki, suna ƙaruwa da girman sannan kuma suna samar da ramuka. Amma sakamakon iri ɗaya ne - ganyayyaki sun yi crumble, an rufe 'ya'yan itatuwa da scab. Jiyya tayi kama da wacce ta gabata.
Tare da clasterosporiosis, ramuka suna fitowa akan ganye
Moniliosis (monilial kuna)
Kamuwa da cuta tare da moniliosis yana faruwa ta hanyar furanni, wanda ƙudan zuma ke lalata naman gwari yayin tarin nectar. Bayan su, ganye da harbe suna shafar, suna bushe, curl kuma suna ɗaukar nau'in caji. A lokacin rani, naman gwari yana lalata berries tare da 'ya'yan itace (launin toka) rot. Game da cutar da harbe, ya kamata a yanke su nan da nan tare da kama 20-30 cm na itace mai lafiya kuma a ƙone su. Sannan magani tare da fungicides ya zama dole.
A lokacin rani, moniliosis yana shafar berries tare da 'ya'yan itace rot.
Karin kwari
Yawancin caterpillars din dake ckin ceri suna fitowa daga qwai wanda kwari suka sanya a bazara. Idan mai gonar ya sami larvae a cikin theanyen da yake dahuwa, ya yi latti don yin faɗa. Jiyya tare da kwari kafin da bayan fure na taimaka wa lalata kwari kafin su sami lokacin sa ƙwai. Aiwatar da kwayoyi:
- Decis;
- Fufanon;
- Iskra-Bio, da sauransu.
Mafi yawan kwaro plums kamar su:
- Plum asu. Maƙasai suna haƙa ƙwai akan furanni. Larvae ci mai dadi, m ɓangaren litattafan almara na berries. Holesanann ramuka da ɗigon lemo ana gani a saman 'ya'yan itacen.
- Plum sawfly. Har ila yau, malam buɗe ido yana sanya ƙwai akan furanni da ganyen ceri plum. Larvae ku ci berries mara nauyi daga ciki.
- Thorax. Blackan ƙaramin baƙar fata, larvae waɗanda suke cinye kernels na tsaba, bayan waɗancan fruitsa fallan za su fado.
- Aphids. Yana ciyarwa a kan ganyen ɓangaren litattafan almara m.
Hoton hoto: mai yiwuwa ceri plum karin kwari
- Wani plum sawfly lays qwai a kan ganyayyaki da furanni da ceri plum.
- Ganyen plum sawfly tsutsa suna cin abinci marasa tushe daga ciki
- Plum asu lays qwai yayin da ceri plum fure
- Runa a kan plum Berry nuna gaban wani codling asu
- Tolnotozhka - kwaro ne mai hadarin gaske saboda ceri ceri
- Larvae na centipedes ci fitar da kernels ceri plum
- Aphid settles a kan ganyen ceri plum
Reviews lambu game da ceri plum iri dake Tsarskaya
A wannan shekara da gaske ina son cherry plum Tsarskaya, ɗanɗano shine zuma (a gare ni), kashi yana rabuwa da sauƙi, yana da kyau da jin daɗi, Comet ɗin ma yana da kyau, amma ... Ina jiran 'ya'yan itatuwa na al'ada daga Sonya da Maryamu, har' ya'yan itãcen marmari 1-2, Ba zan iya ɗanɗana shi ba .
maikel
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=430&start=1590
Alurar riga kafi ta Tsar a kambi na plum na gida, inda na biyu, shekara ta uku, ke fara fitar da alluran rigakafi shekara guda bayan alurar, ta fitar da hoto, anan wani :-) Ina matukar farin ciki da wannan ire-iren, na ba da shawara ga kowa cewa har yanzu hunturu na fuskantar matsala a cikin halin da nake ciki, dukda cewa shekaru ukun karshe na karshe. ba alamu ba ne. Yana farfadowa a farkon watan Agusta. An aika da itacen fir daga Mik. Lambun.
maikel
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=430&sid=5ab06a2af247ab8e9effff43d345701f&start=1605
Wannan shekarar itace farkon farkon girke-girken na. Ya kasance mafi yawa 'yan guda.Ina son da ceri plum Tsarskaya - 'ya'yan itãcen marmari masu haske launin rawaya a launi, mai laushi kuma mai daɗi, an zage iri cikin sauƙi, ya farfado a ƙarshen Yuli, tabbas akwai guda 10 akan itacen. Tsarist a cikin yanayi na daskarewa kowace shekara (saman bishiyar), amma a cikin bazara ya sake girma, amfanin gona yana kan ƙananan rassa, waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara. Dangane da dandano, na sa Tsarskaya a wuri na farko.
Korneva
//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&t=407&start=125
Alycha Tsarskaya yana da wasu abubuwan ɓarkewa - juriya mai ƙarancin sanyi na tushen tsarin, yawan cin gashin kansa da kuma halayen samar da harbe na kwari. Amma idan yana yiwuwa don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dacewa a kansa (tsari don tsintsiyar bishiyoyin hunturu, kasancewar tsirrai a cikin ƙawayen), fa'idodin wannan al'ada za su fi rashin girman rashin amfani. Dandano mai dadi, mai laushi, daɗaɗɗen sarauta na sarauta zai gamsar da mai lambu wanda ya girma wannan kyakkyawan itaciya a wurin.
