Mirabilis shine tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara ko na shekara tare da kyawawan furanni na tubular. Ya kasance daga dangin Niktaginov kuma ya fito ne daga wurare masu zafi na Arewacin da Amurka ta Tsakiya. Wasu lokuta ana kiran mirabilis "mirabillis" ko "kyakkyawa dare." Gaskiyar ita ce cewa kusan duk rana furanni masu haske suna kasancewa a rufe, kuma da maraice sukan yi fure, suna yada ƙaƙƙarfan ƙanshi mai daɗi a kusa. Da rana, mirabilis yana yin ado da lambun tare da dajin da ke yaduwar haɓakar kore mai haske.
Bayanin Shuka
Mirabilis shine asalin halittar tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara ko tsire-tsire na tsiro na shekara. Rodarfin sa na murƙushewa, kamar igiya, yana ciyar da shi. Yana siffofin danshi mai dogon dabino, an rufe shi da fata mai launin rawaya. Abincin abinci na Tuber a cikin yanayin halitta na taimaka wa shuka tsirowar fari da lokacin sanyi.
Uprightaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan tushe mai tushe yana da matakai na nesa, saboda haka tsire yakan zama daji mai zurfi 80-100 cm tsayi. Fenti mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi shine fenti mai duhu. Lantarki mara nauyi a bayyane yake a tsakiya. A tsawon lokaci, ƙananan ɓangarorin harbe suna zama lignified kuma an rufe su da denser launin ruwan kasa-kore haushi.
A watan Mayu-Yuni, a cikin axils na ganye da kuma a saman harba mai haske furanni fure tare da diamita na 2-3.5 cm. Suna located gaba ɗaya ko tattara a karkashin daya kararrawa-dimbin yawa gado. Corolla a cikin siffar kararrawa ko Dome tare da furen furanni ana fentin su da fararen, rawaya ko launuka daban-daban na ruwan hoda. Akwai nau'ikan furanni waɗanda furanni masu launuka daban-daban suka yi girma a daji ɗaya. Hakanan dabbobi na iya zama na fili ko na dabam. A tsakiyar su ne dogon bakin ciki stamens tare da manyan anern. Zasu iya samun launi mai banbanci dangane da abubuwan ganyayyaki. Bayan fure, 'ya'yan itãcen sun ɓoye - kwalaye masu launin blackan fari.
Iri mirabilis
Halittar mirabilis yana da kusan tsirrai 60 na tsirrai. A cikin aikin lambu na gida, Yalapa mirabilis da ire-irensa galibi ana amfani dasu.
Mirabilis Yalapa. A herbaceous perennial 30-80 cm high ta ƙunshi madaidaiciya, m branched harbe. An rufe su da manyan ciyayi mai haske. A watan Yuni, corymbose inflorescences tare da furanni mai walƙiya na dare har zuwa 2.5 cm a diamita Bloom. Suna fitar da ƙanshin mai daɗin gaske kuma suna launin fari, ruwan hoda, rawaya ko ja. Mixungiyoyi daban-daban "Lokacin shayi" sun shahara tsakanin gardenersan lambu. An kwatanta shi da yawan fure kuma ya haɗa da tsire-tsire tare da buds na launuka daban-daban (orange, rasberi, fari, ja, ruwan hoda da rawaya).
Mirabilis yana da yawa. A herbaceous perenni game da 80 cm high ƙunshi danda a tsaye mai tushe, an rufe shi da elongated, tsallake foliage tare da santsi surface. A watan Mayu, inflorescences dauke da har zuwa shida buds Bloom a saman shoot kuma a cikin axils na ganye. Suna penaure a cikin shimfiɗar gado mai fasali ɗaya da buɗe a biyun. Tubular furanni masu launin shuɗi ne. Dansu diamita ya kai 4-6 cm.
Mirabilis ne zagaye-leaved. Karamin perenni har zuwa 30 cm an rufe shi da kyawawan ganye mai faɗi tsawon cm 5-5. Har zuwa ukun furanni masu ruwan hoda uku masu launin shuɗi-fure a ƙwanƙolin gwal mai kamannin gado. Girman dansandan corolla shine cm 1 furanni suna buɗe da maraice kuma suna rufe da ƙarshen safiya.
Noma
Kodayake mirabilis perennials ne, suna yin watsi da talauci. Saboda haka, a cikin gidajen Aljannar girma kamar yadda annuals. Zai fi dacewa da yaduwar tsire-tsire ta hanyar tsaba. Suna ba da kyakkyawan shuka iri-iri kuma a cikin yanayi mai tsaftataccen gado shine aka sake sabunta gadon kansa daban daban. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, ana shuka tsaba a watan Afrilu kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Don yin wannan, zaɓi rijiya mai haske, buɗe wuraren da ke kwance, ƙasa mai daɗin ƙasa. Mirabilis yayi girma mafi kyau akan tsaka tsaki ko ƙasa mai santsi.
A cikin wuraren da yanayin canjin yanayin sanyi, ana shuka shuki kafin a shuka shi. Ana shuka tsaba a watan Maris, ana rarraba manyan tsaba daya a lokaci a cikin tukwane da za'a iya jefawa ko akwati mai zurfi. Tunda rhizome yana da mahimmanci, damar ya zama mai zurfi. Cakuda ƙasa don seedlingsan tsire-tsire ya ƙunshi yashi mai laushi, peat da ƙasa mai laushi. A baya can, an shuka tsaba a cikin dare a cikin mafita na manganese, sannan a dasa shi zuwa zurfin 1.5-2 cm. Ana shayar da ƙasa kuma an rufe kwantena tare da fim. Tainoye amfanin gona a zazzabi na + 18 ... + 20 ° C kuma mafi girma a wurin da ake da haske.
Harbi zai bayyana a makonni 2-3. Seedlings a cikin tukwane dabam ba za a iya ɗanɗanar. A watan Mayu, a ranakun da suka yi ɗumi, suna ɗauke da ita a waje don taurara. Lokacin da damuna mai sanyi ta wuce, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa buɗe.
Kayan lambu na yaduwa
Wasu lokuta dare mai kyau na nau'in kayan ado yana yaduwa ta hanyar tubers. Hanyar tana ba ku damar adana alamun ƙwayar uwar. Tubers an dug sama a cikin fall kuma sanya shi a cikin wani akwati da sawdust. Ana ajiye shi har sai lokacin bazara a cikin firiji ko wani wuri a zazzabi na + 5 ° C. A cikin bazara, nodules ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa mara kyau ta tsiro.
Tsire-tsire suna yada shi da kyau ta hanyar sare. Ana yanke harbe-firam guda-huɗu a lokacin bazara kuma an bushe da yawa a cikin iska. Sa'an nan ana kula da yanki tare da "Kornevin" kuma ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa mai yashi-peaty. Rooting zai ɗauki makonni 2-3. A wannan lokacin, a hankali sanya ruwan a hankali kuma a adana su a zazzabi na + 20 ... + 24 ° C. Yana da amfani don sanyaya ƙasa daga ƙasa. Kafe shuke-shuke sukan girma a gida kafin bazara, sa'an nan kuma transplanted cikin bude ƙasa.
Shuka da kulawa da shuka
Don mirabilis, zafin haske yana da mahimmanci. Yana girma da kyau a cikin wuraren budewa kuma baya jin tsoron zayyana. Amma a cikin inuwa m ko a ƙarƙashin kambi na bishiyoyi, ci gaban shuka zai yi jinkiri sosai, kuma fure bazai yiwu ba. Soilasa don dasa ya kamata ta kasance mai kwance kuma mai gina jiki. Ana yin ƙasa da ƙasa mai acidic tare da gari dolomite da lemun tsami. Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ya girma ya dogara da tsayin daji kuma ya kai 25-60 cm.
Lingsayar da shuka ana shuka su ta hanyar jigilar abubuwa don kada su lalata doguwar rhizome. Nan da nan bayan an dasa shuki, an dasa ƙasa ƙasa tare da ash ko peat.
Mirabilis yana son zafi. Tare da isasshen ruwa, baya jin tsoron zafi mai zafi, amma bai yarda da sanyi ba. Tuni a -5 ° C tsire-tsire sun mutu. Tunda tushen yana kusa da farfajiya, ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙarancin lokaci ba zai yiwu ba har sai lokacin bazara. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, ana yanke ciyayi don lokacin hunturu, yana barin ƙananan kututture kawai. Aboveasan da ke sama da tushen an rufe shi da ganye masu ganye da rassan spruce zuwa tsawo na 10-15 cm.
Mirabilis fi son matsakaici watering. Yana da tsayayya da ƙarancin fari. Idan babu ruwan sama, shayarwa guda ɗaya a mako ya isa. Ko da ganye sun rasa turgor, nan da nan bayan ban ruwa za'a dawo dasu. Ruwa a lokacin furanni yana da mahimmanci musamman, kamar yadda buds zasu iya faɗuwa ba tare da yin fure ba.
Mirabilis mai saurin girma yana buƙatar takin zamani. A cikin bazara bayan dasa, ana shuka seedlings tare da ma'adinin ma'adinai don tsire-tsire na fure. Ana maimaita riguna sama da sau 2-3 a lokacin bazara. Yin amfani da kwayoyin ba a so. Bayan an shayar da miya da kuma miya, ƙasa a kusa da shuka dole ne a kwance kuma a cire ciyawa.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Stemsan itace da ke girma da sauri, don haka mirabilis yana da kusan zuwa lokacin fari. Tare da kasa isasshen motsi powdery mildew, tsatsa, tushen rot ke tasowa. Yin rigakafin cutar ita ce yarda da tsarin ban ruwa da babban bakin ruwa. Ana bi da tsire-tsire masu cutar da ƙwayar cuta ta kashe-kashe ("Fundazole"). Mirabilis yana da tsayayya don kawo hari ta hanyar kwari, don haka bai kamata ku damu da kariya daga gare su ba.
Amfani da mirabilis
Yaɗa bushes da aka rufe tare da manyan ganye ganye zai zama kyakkyawan asali a cikin flowerbed. Tunda furanni suna rufewa lokacin rana, ana amfani da mirabilis azaman tushe na kore ga sauran mazaunan gonar fure. Amma da maraice da sanyin safiya yana jagorantar kyakkyawa da ƙanshi. Zomaye da masu haɗuwa suna yin ado da mirabilis, kuma ana shirya shinge a cikin manyan bushes. Aroanshin tsire-tsire yana da ƙarfi sosai, saboda haka ana ba mutanen da ke kula da ƙanshi masu daɗin kamfani su shuka fure gaba daga wurin hutawa. A cikin gonar fure mai gauraye kusa da mirabilis zaka iya shuka petunia, marigolds, cloves, dais da dais.
Kasancewa da kyawawan halaye na ado, mirabilis yana da manufa ta magani. Ana amfani da kayan ado na ganyayyaki da mai tushe daga waje azaman anti-mai kumburi da antibacterial. Tubers suna hutu a matsayin maganin laxative, kuma ana amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itace sabo azaman warkarwa mai warkarwa.
