Alycha Naiden - kwatanci da kuma namo

A ƙarshen karni na ƙarshe, ƙwayar ceri na Belarusian Nayden ta ƙetare kan iyakoki kuma ta sami nasarar watsu cikin yankuna na Tsakiyar Rasha. Wadanne halaye ne suka ba da gudummawa ga wannan, fiye da yadda ta sami yabo Shin yana da daraja mai lambu ya zaɓi wannan nau'ikan, yana shirin kwantawa gonar.

Bayanin sa

'Ya'yan itacen hadin gwiwar Cibiyar Bincike ta Belarusiya na Hayayyafar' Ya'yan itace da Cibiyar Nazarin Balaguro na Crimean (Krymsk, Krasnodar Territory) na Cibiyar Bincike Duk-Rasha na ntasa. Matsayi a 1986 kuma an haɗa shi a cikin Rajistar Jiha a cikin 1993. Zagi a cikin Tsakiyar Black Duniya da ƙananan Volga yankuna.

Itace mai matsakaici-girma tare da kambi mai keɓaɓɓiyar-kambi. Rassan suna kwance, kauri (3.5-4 cm), yin rauni sosai. Hardness na hunturu yana da ƙarfi, rigakafi ga cututtuka da kwari ne matsakaici, haƙuri fari shine matsakaici.

Farkon 'ya'yan itace farkon - a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na Yuli. Balaga da wuri yana da kyau - shekaru 2-3 daga lokacin alurar riga kafi. Yawan aiki yana da girma, na yau da kullun. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari, na iya kasancewa kan rassan na dogon lokaci ba tare da ɓarkewa ba fashe ba.

The berries ba su tsallake, tare da matsakaita nauyi na 26-27 grams. Dangane da VNIISPK (Cibiyar Bincike Duk-Rasha don Tsinkayen 'Ya'yan itace) - 31 grams. Launin fata yana da burgundy, bisa ga VNIISPK - red-violet. Kwasfa tana da bakin ciki, matsakaiciyar matsakaici, mai sauƙi. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne rawaya, m, mai yawa. Dangane da VNIISPK - orange, fibrous, matsakaici-mai yawa, mai-mai. Dandano yana da daɗi kuma mai daɗi, yana da kyau. Dutse yayi karami, kadan kadan. Dalilin 'ya'yan itacen shine na kowa da kowa.

Fata launi na ceri plum Nayden - burgundy

Iri pollinators

A iri ne-kai, haihuwa a farkon Afrilu. Don saita 'ya'yan itace, yana da buqatar samun pollinators na lokaci guda kamar su ceri plum iri a cikin unguwa:

• Mara
• Nesmeyana;
• Kyauta ga St. Petersburg;
• Vitba;
• Matafiyi da sauransu.

Bidiyo: taƙaitaccen bita na ceri plum Nayden

Dasa ceri plum iri dake Nayden

Alycha Nayden ba a fassara shi ba a cikin tsarin ƙasa da tabbatarwa, amma ba zai iya girma ko'ina ba. Ba zai yi tsiwirwirin ƙasa ba ko ruwa ba. Acidic, Saline, kasa mai nauyi shima ba mata bane. Iska mai sanyi ta arewa tayi masifa ne akan ceri plum. Kuma kuma ba zai yi fure ba a cikin farin inuwa.

Zai fi kyau shuka Nayden a gangaren kudu ko kudu maso yamma, inda akwai bishiyoyi masu kauri, bango na gini ko shinge a gefen arewa ko arewa maso gabas. Idan babu irin wannan kariyar - yana da kyau a kula da ƙirƙirar allon musamman ta fentin farin tare da turmi mai lemun tsami. Irin wannan kariyar zai kare ɗan itacen daga iska mai sanyi. Farin garkuwar yana nuna haskakawa rana, wanda zai daɗaɗa zafi da haske planjin ceri.

Siyan seedlings tare da rufaffiyar tsarin za a iya dasa a kowane lokaci daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba. Idan seedlings tare da bude Tushen, ya kamata a dasa su a farkon farkon bazara kafin a buɗe buds.

Matakan saukarwa mataki-mataki-mataki

Kamar yadda aka saba, tsari yana farawa daga sahun farashi. Yana da kyau yin wannan a cikin fall - a wannan lokacin babban zaɓi na kayan kayan dasa. Fi son ɗayan tsire-tsire na shekara ɗaya ko biyu tare da kyakkyawan tsarin, haushi mai lafiya, wanda babu fasa da lalacewa. Har zuwa lokacin bazara, ana adana seedling a cikin ƙasa ko a cikin ɗakin a zazzabi na 0-5 ° C. Tushen yakamata ya kasance cikin yanayi mai laushi. Na gaba, ci gaba zuwa aiwatar da ayyukan dasa.

Tushen tushen ceri plum seedling ya kamata a inganta sosai

1. Yi rami rami. Don yin wannan:
   1. Haƙa rami tare da zurfin 70-80 santimita da diamita guda.
   2. A cikin yanayin yayin da ƙasa ke da nauyi, yumɓu - matattara mai kauri santimita 12-15 santimita lokacin farin ciki an aza shi a ƙasa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da tubalin da aka fashe, yumɓu mai yumɓu, tsakuwa, da sauransu.
   3. Ana zuba cakuda daidai na chernozem, yashi, peat da humus a saman.
   4. 300ara 300-400 grams na superphosphate, 3-4 lita na itace ash kuma haɗu da kyau tare da felu ko fffork.
   5. Sukan rufe shi da kayan kare ruwa har sai lokacin bazara (silifa, kayan rufi, da sauransu) domin ruwan narke baya wanke kayan abinci mai gina jiki.
2. A cikin bazara sun fitar da seedling daga tsari. Bayan ya tabbata cewa ya yi ruwan sanyi, saiwoyin ruwan da ke cikin ruwan ya narke tare da ƙari na Kornevin, Epin, Heteroauxin ko wata tushen ƙarfafawa.
   

   Kafin dasawa, saiwoyin tushen yalwar ceri cherry ake soya tsawon awanni 2-3 cikin ruwa

3. Bayan sa'o'i 2-3, ana cire wani ɓangare na ƙasa daga rami mai dasa saboda tushen tsarin seedling ya yi daidai.
4. An yi ƙaramar motsi a cikin ramin, saman wanda yakamata ya kasance a matakin ƙasa.
5. An sanya seedling a kan ƙwanƙolin don tushen wuyan ya sauka a saman, sai kuma ya bazu tushen.
6. Sun cika ramin tare da ƙasa a cikin tricksan dabaru, kowane lokaci yana densifying sosai. Tun da motar ta kasance sako-sako, a lokacin compaction kasar za ta daidaita kuma tushen wuya zai kasance a matakin ƙasa - wannan shine abin da ake buƙata.
   

   Tushen wuya na seedling ya kamata ya kasance a matakin ƙasa

7. A kusa da itacen, ana kafa da'irar akwati tare da diamita na ramin. Wannan ya dace da za a yi da ɗan akushi ko mai yanke jirgin.
8. Shayar da shi saboda duk ƙasa a cikin ramin yana da kyau. Rigar ƙasa tana mannewa da tushe kuma babu sinus ɗin da ya kamata ya kasance kusa da su.
9. Bayan kwanaki 2-3, dole ne a kwance ƙasa kuma a rufe ta da ciyawa mai kauri tare da kazarar 5-7 cm.
10. An yanka ɗan itacen ya kai santimita 60-80. Idan akwai rassa - a rage su da 40-50%.

Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa

Babu wani abu na musamman da sabon abu a cikin sharudda game da namo ceri plum Nayden, kazalika da kula da ita, a'a. Tsarin daidaitattun ayyukan ayyukan gona, waɗanda gajera ne.

Watse

Ana shayar da plum cherry akai-akai - kusan sau ɗaya a wata. Duk da yake itacen yana saurayi da kuma tushen ba su yi girma ba, ana iya buƙatar ƙarin saurin ruwa. Ruwan ruwan ya kamata ya samar da danshi na ƙasa zuwa zurfin santimita 25-30. Bayan kwanaki 1-2, an kwance kewayen akwati kuma an mulmula shi.

A lokacin da aka dasa shuki ceri, kuna buƙatar daskarar da ƙasa zuwa zurfin santimita 25-30

Manyan miya

Ana wadatar da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ramin saukowa a farkon shekarun rayuwar shuka. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana fara amfani da ƙarin rigar miya bayan farkon fruiting, lokacin da ake cinye abubuwan gina jiki da yawa.

Tebur: nau'ikan kayan miya, lokacin da hanyoyin aikace-aikace

Bai kamata a “overfeed” ceri plum. Yawan takin zamani yana cutar da itacen fiye da ƙarancin su.

Murmushi yayi

Wasu lambu ba biya saboda da hankali ga cuts of ceri plum kuma gaba daya a banza. Daidai kuma a kan lokaci, kankarar da aka yi yana ba ka damar samun wadataccen haɓaka.

Tebur: nau'ikan yankewa, sharuɗɗa da hanyoyin aiwatarwa

Don ceri plum Naiden, rawanin kambi na ingantaccen nau'in "kwano" ya dace

Cutar da kwari

Magana game da matakan kariya, ceri plum, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba wuya cutar da kwari ta shafa.

Yin rigakafin

Wani ma'aikacin lambu wanda ke yin aikin tsabtacewa da hana haihuwa na iya dogaro da amfanin gona mai inganci.

Tebur: tsaftacewa da kiyayewa na hanawa

Wataƙila cututtuka

Dole ne mai lambu ya san alamun babban cutar plum. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, waɗannan sune cututtukan fungal kuma ana bi da su tare da fungicides.

Moniliosis

A cikin bazara, lokacin da ceri plum fure da ƙudan zuma tattara nectar, su, tare da pollen, yada spores daga cikin causative wakili da cutar a kan kafafu. Naman gwari yana lalata furewar tsiron, ta hanyar kwaro ya shiga cikin harbin sannan ya shiga cikin ganyayyaki. Ya shafa sassa na shuka wither, to, baƙi. A waje, ya yi kama da dusar ƙanƙara ko ƙona tare da harshen wuta. Saboda haka sunan na biyu na cutar - monilial ƙona. Bayan samo alamun cutar, nan da nan yanke harbe da aka shafa. A wannan yanayin, ya zama dole a kama santimita 20-30 na katako mai lafiya, tunda naman gwari na iya kasancewa ya fi yankunan da abin ya shafa. Don haka aiwatar da magani tare da fungicides. A lokacin bazara, moniliosis yana shafar cherry plum berries tare da launin toka - irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna buƙatar tattarawa da lalata.

A lokacin rani, moniliosis yana shafar ceri plum berries tare da launin toka mai launin toka

Polystigmosis

Alamar polystigmosis ita ce samuwar jan tabo a jikin ganyen ceri. Wannan sabon abu ya ba da sunan na biyu na cutar - tabon ja. Tare da ci gaba da naman gwari, ganyayyaki ya bushe ya faɗi, 'ya'yan itaciyar sun zama mara kyau kuma ba su da dandano.

Alamar farkon alamar ceri cutuka tare da polystigmosis shine bayyanar jan tabo a cikin ganyayyaki

Kleasterosporiosis

Wannan cuta tana kama da wacce ta gabata. Bambanci shine cewa launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa wanda ya bayyana akan ganyayyaki yayin kamuwa da naman gwari yana girma kuma ya juya zuwa cikin ramuka. Saboda haka sunan na biyu na cutar - rami rami.

Tare da ramuka na kleasterosporiosis sun bayyana akan ganyayyaki

Karin kwari

Babban kwari da ceri plum sune butterflies da beetles wanda ke sa qwai akan ganyayyaki da furanni na shuka, daga abin da matafila suke bayyana. Karin kwari masu zuwa sun fi yawa:

• Thorax. Wannan lardin na wannan irin ƙwaro suna kama hanyarsu cikin ƙasusuwa su ci abinci. Sakamakon haka, tumatir sun yi jifa kafin su huda.
• Plum asu. Her larvae sau da yawa ku ci berries. A saman 'ya'yan itacen da abin ya shafa, ƙananan ramuka tare da saukad da gumis yawanci ana lura dasu.
• Plum sawfly. A larvae na wannan kwari ci da tsaba na kore berries a lokacin da wuya harsashi bai riga ya kafa. A bayyane yake cewa bishiyar da abin ya shafa ba zata yayyafa ba.

Yakamata kula da kwaro a cikin bazara. Ya ƙunshi fesa kambi na itace tare da kwari kafin fure, bayan fure da ƙari biyu tare da tazara tsakanin mako guda. Aiwatar da Decis, Fufanon, Iskra-Bio, da sauransu.

A lokacin furanni, an haramta kowane aiki. Esudan zuma na iya sha wahala daga wannan.

Hoto na hoto: yiwu ceri plum karin kwari

Sake Gani

Shekaru biyu da suka gabata, ya dasa wani ceri plum Nayden, wanda ya kawo daga gandun daji daga Smolensk. Ba ta ɗauka ba, Dole na yi ta tono shi. A yau na ga iri-iri iri ɗaya a cikin shagon, sayo, dasa, yanke saman kambi. Zamu jira ya girma ...

Kuzmin Igor Evgenievich, Yankin Moscow, Pavlovsky Posad

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Elena Sergeevna ya rubuta (a): Gaya mini, don Allah. An samo cherry, an dasa shi a cikin 2005, mahimmi ne a cikin 2008. Hakan ya zama ƙara-mai-yawan ƙarfi. Wataƙila wannan fasali ne na iri-iri ko kuma halaye na? Ban kirkiri shi ba kuma yana girma a cikin daji. Lokacin da na saya a TSHA, sun nanata cewa ba alurar riga kafi bane, amma tushe. Wataƙila yana da kyau mu bar gangar jikin ɗaya? Elena Sergeevna, ceri plum Nayden da wuya hunturu resistant. A cikin sigar ku (tushenku), tsari na daji ya fi aminci. A cikin tsammanin tsananin tsananin sanyi a cikin hunturu mai dusar ƙanƙara, yana da kyau a yanke ciyawar akwati (cm15-20). Tare da mutuwar ɓangaren sararin samaniya, da kuma riƙe tushen, komai zai koma daidai. Yawancin abinci na iya ƙaruwa idan akwai kyawawan pollinators (kuma ceri plum ko kifi wamle plums) kusa, da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki (lalata ƙura). Kwatanta bayyanar da nawa (a cikin kundin, shafi na 3). Akwai wasu shakku, sun hadu: launin rawaya, ina da t / ja.

toliam1, St. Petersburg

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Anatoly, Na sami wani m ja, cikakke har ma da burgundy, kamar naku. Yayi kama da naku. Ina tsammanin cewa a shawararku kuna buƙatar deoxidize ƙasa. Godiya ga Anatoly da Chamomile saboda shawarar.

Elena Sergeevna, Moscow, Veshnyaki

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Lena, ya zama ba ku da tabbas. Kasusuwana ba ya rarrabe, amma naman ba rawaya ba ne, amma kusan ja ne. Da kyau, jester tare da ita, har yanzu yana da daɗi, babba kuma ba ya daskarewa tukuna, don haka zan ci gaba da dasa shi. Abinda kawai yake da ban dariya shine cewa ba wanda ke kan hanyar da zai iya gano ainihin nau'in jan ceri plum. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari duka daban-daban kuma an sayo su a Rostock.

vildanka, Bashkortostan

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Babban ab advantagesbuwan amfãni daga iri-iri ceri plum Nayden - farkon balaga, yawan aiki, hunturu hardness kuma 'ya'yan itãcen marmari. Shortarancin lativearancin ɗan adam ba su hana wannan bambancin don amincewa da amincewa da mamaye sabbin abubuwa a cikin Tsakiyar Rasha. Lambun da ya dasa Naiden a shafin ba zai yiwu yayi nadama ba daga baya.