Dankanare, kamar kowane tsirrai masu hawa hawa, suna ƙoƙarin shawo kan rana, suna shiga cikin lamuran bakinsu da aka samo a hanyar tallafawa, sukan tashi. A cikin daji, waɗannan hanyoyin suna kewaye da bishiyoyi masu girma. Lokacin girma cucumbers kamar tsire-tsire masu ciyawar, ana gina trellises don sauƙaƙe kula da su kuma don samun girbi mai yawa. Yadda ake yin trellis don cucumbers, amfani da mafi ƙarancin ƙoƙari da farashi, kuma a lokaci guda ƙirƙirar abin dogaro mai dorewa, za muyi la'akari da dalla-dalla.
Amfanin Trellis Girma
Girma cucumbers a kan trellis yafi cin nasara fiye da yada shi. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa lokacin da aka sanya shi tsaye, amfanin gona zai iya kawar da "adibas" na bara na kamuwa da cuta a cikin ƙasa. Kuma ko da a lokacin da pathogenic spores da ruwa samu a kan ƙananan ganyen shuka, ba su yada kara, da sauri bushewa tare da dew saukad.
Tapestry - wani tsari wanda ya kunshi tallafi da tsayawa, wanda waya ko yadudduka aka shimfiɗa shi don samar da tushe mai kyau na hawa tsirrai
Don tsarin tallafawa tsarin, shirye-shiryen da aka sanya a tsaye ana amfani da su sau da yawa, suna yin amfani da tsirkiya ta amfani da waya mai rikitarwa kusa da bango, dogayen katako.
Za a iya amfani da tapestry lokacin girma cucumbers duka a cikin ƙasa bude da kuma a cikin greenhouses. Irin wannan shigarwa yana da ab advantagesbuwan amfãni masu yawa waɗanda ba za a iya mantawa da su ba, manyan abubuwan daga cikinsu akwai:
- Adana ƙasa. Babban gado, sanye yake da kayan kwalliya don cucumbers, yana ɗaukar mafi ƙarancin sarari, amma yana iya ɗaukar tsire-tsire sau biyu.
- Rage haɗarin cutar amfanin gona. Ta hanyar cire hulɗa daga tushe da ganyen creeper tare da ƙasa, ya fi sauƙi don hana lalacewar al'adar ta peronosporosis da mildew powdery.
- Saurin tsarin ciyayi. A cikin wadatattun albarkatun gona, bambancin zafin jiki na yau da kullun ba haka ba ne m. Godiya ga narkar da a tsaye, tsiron ya kara samun haske da zafi, wanda hakan ke tasiri ci gaban sa.
- Inara yawan kayan amfanin gona. Kamar yadda kwarewar lambu amfani da trellises lokacin girma cucumbers nuna, tare da kula ta dace daga wani shafi tare da yankin murabba'in mita 5 kawai, zaku iya tattarawa zuwa 80 kilogiram na ganye masu lafiya. Kayan lambu da aka rataye daga zaren ba su lalata kuma suna da launuka masu launi iri ɗaya.
- Gudanar da kulawar amfanin gona. Yin amfani da sandar, za a rarraba liana a kan tallafi. Wannan yana sauƙaƙe aiki na shuka mai tushe da ganye daga kwari, har da ciyar da shayarwa.
- Girbi amfanin gona mai tsabta. Sakamakon rarraba amfanin gona a tsaye, 'ya'yan itaciyar da ba a dafa ba su taɓa m ciyawar, wanda ke kawar da tsananin su.
Kuma girbi daga trellis yana ɗaukar ƙarancin lokaci da ƙoƙari. Tsakanin tsakanin tallafawa ta tsaye yana da dacewa don motsawa. Saboda da uniform rarraba na shuka tare da goyan bayan cire 'ya'yan itacen, yana da mafi sauki don hana creases da lalacewar m mai tushe.
Tare da tsaye tsaye na kayan amfanin gona, babu buƙatar bincika gaba ɗayan tsintsiya don bincika 'ya'yan itace, ba da cewa kara girma mai sauri na iya isa mita uku a kowace kakar
Wannan hanyar girma ma dace a cikin wannan lokacin daukana 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, fata na hannayen ƙasa ƙasa da rauni daga cikin mafi wuya needles na kananan ƙaya, wanda yawanci ba a kan mai tushe na kokwamba.
Tsarin al'ada trellis
Goyan bayan trellis don itacen inabin kokwamba na iya samun zane-zane iri iri:
- murabba'i mai dari
- murabba'i;
- babban yatsu;
- tantin.
Aikin bututun tallafi na tsarin ana iya yin su ta hanyar bututu na ƙarfe, katako na katako ko ginshiƙan ciminti. Ana iya yin raga ta igiya igiya iri biyu, wayoyin ƙarfe ko filastik na musamman.
Sau da yawa, yan lambu, suna ƙoƙarin rage ƙimar kuɗin ƙirar keɓaɓɓen tsarin, suna yin trellis daga tasoshin ƙarfe waɗanda aka kora zuwa ƙasa, tsakanin abin da aka jan raga PVC.
Yankin PVC wanda aka gama, wanda aka sayar a cibiyoyin lambun ta mita ɗaya, an ƙaddara shi ga labulen tare da saman gefen waya tare da waya. An binne gefen ƙananan raga a cikin ƙasa, matsi tare da ƙugiyoyi da aka yi da madaurin waya.
Irin wannan trellis tare da alfarwa zai iya haifar da amfanin gona mai da inuwa mai illa ga hasken rana: wake, rhubarb, chard, arugula, mustard ganye
Kyakkyawan trellis da aka yi wa kwalliya don cucumbers za su zama cancancin ado na rukunin yanar gizon, suna aiki a matsayin ainihin ƙirar kayan ado na asali.
Hanyoyin masana'anta na DIY
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don gina trellis don cucumbers tare da hannuwanku. Dukkanta ya dogara da girman yankin da aka ware don tsara su da kayan kayan aikin da aka zaɓa.
Zabin # 1 - Itace Trellis
Ana ɗaukar couplean awanni biyu kawai don buɗe trellis katako. Sun gina shi lokacin da aka riga an dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, amma seedlings na farko bai fito ba tukuna.
Kafin ka fara yin trellis don cucumbers, ya kamata ka yanke shawara menene tsarin da zane zai kasance.
Tapestry akan katako na katako na iya ɗaukar nau'ikan bene mai tsini tare da tsauraran katako ko allon tsaye a tsaye na slats na bakin ciki
A kowane hali, ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa matsanancin rakodin trellis ya kamata ya fi ƙarfin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin tsinkaye, tunda za su ɗauki nauyin layin duka. Don haka, a cikin yin trellises tare da tsawo na 2.7 m, yana da daraja zaɓa don tsari na matsanancin tallafin sanduna tare da ɓangaren 50 mm, kuma don tsaka-tsaki - 35 mm.
Don ƙirar trellis, wanda zai šauki fiye da ɗaya ɗaya, yana da kyau a zaɓi katako, alal misali: kirjin, itacen oak, ciyawa, ash. Itace na poplar, maple ko Birch bai dace da wannan dalilin ba, tunda suna da saurin lalata. Don faɗaɗa rayuwar abubuwan abubuwa na katako, kafin binne su a cikin ƙasa, rufe sanduna a cikin yadudduka 1-2 tare da man bushewa ko abun da ke cikin maganin antiseptik.
Trellis bai zama mai iya gabatarwa ba, a cikin ginin sel wanda katakon katako ya maye gurbin daɗaɗɗan tasirin da aka shimfiɗa tsakanin gwanayen firam ɗin.
An gudanar da aikin a matakai da yawa:
- Shigarwa na tallafi. Ana tura racks na tallafi a gefunan gadaje masu zuwa, sanya su a nesa na 1.5-2 Don samun tsari mai tsayayye wanda zai iya tsayayya da kaya kansa tare da amfanin gona, an haɗu da ginshiƙai a ƙarƙashin trellis zuwa zurfin 60 mm.
- Tabbatar da tallafawa. Don ba da tsarin ɗan ƙaramin matsayi, an shigar da kayan tallafin gefen a wani kusurwa na 70 ° dangi zuwa saman duniya. Dole a yi amfani da goyon bayan katako ta amfani da takalmin katakon waya, gefunan kyauta waɗanda suke a haɗe zuwa kusurwoyin ƙarfe waɗanda aka binne a ƙasa a wani kusurwa na 90 °.
- Ginin firam. Member gicciye an ƙusa da shi a kan babba gefuna na tsaye. Zai yi aiki a matsayin firam, wanda za a haɗa akwatunan raƙuman bakin ciki.
- Ayyukan akwakun. Raarfin ƙanana mai kauri na mm 30 an goge shi zuwa firam ɗin tare da sikirin ɗaukar kai don samun sel waɗanda suke auna cm 15. Za a iya ƙara haɓaka gidajen ruwa tare da manne mai hana ruwa.
Shin kana son trellis ya ɗauka ba kawai nauyin kaya ba, amma kuma yayi azaman ado na gonar? Sannan samar da shi da tsarin arched na asali, wanda za'a iya yanke shi gwargwadon tsarin daga ragowar itacen. Hannun bangarori da sassan tsarin suna da sauƙin haɗawa, "dasa" su akan manne da ƙusoshin, kuma maƙullin da kansa yana haɗe da goyon baya ta hanyar haɗin haɗin gwiwa.
Kwayoyin na iya yin fasalin kamar rhombus ko murabba'i, idan ana so, za a iya sauƙaƙe akwakun cikin “firam” a cikin firam ɗin, a yanke gefan katukan
A cikin ƙirƙirar raga trellis don gyara shi a kan firam, ya dace don amfani da kusoshi, ana iya yin sa daga ƙusoshin talakawa. Don yin wannan, an kusoshi ƙusoshi da yawa a kan sarƙoƙin, ana sa su a nesa na 40-60 cm. Idan ana so, shugabannin ƙusoshin na iya danƙa ƙanƙan da ɗanɗano, yana basu irin ƙugiya. Zai rage kawai don ɗaure wata ƙaƙƙarfan igiya a kowane sashin ɗamara kuma ya cire shi a ƙasa, tare da raunin ƙarshen toanƙara zuwa ginin goyon baya tsaye kusa da kusa.
Falo zaren an ja ta da wannan ka’ida. Don ƙirƙirar grid tare da sel, tsaye zaren an haɗa da farko tare da waya mai jujjuyawa, sannan an raba ƙarshen madafan iko zuwa ƙwanƙolin da aka jefa a cikin ƙasa.
Zabi # 2 - ginin karfe
Don gina irin wannan tsari, za a buƙaci ƙarin ƙoƙari, amma tabbas zai wuce fiye da shekaru goma.
Za a iya sanya alamomin da aka yi da sanduna na ƙarfe zuwa nisan mita 2-4, amma idan kayan suka ba da izini, to ya kamata sandunan su kasance cikin denser
Don aiki, kuna buƙatar:
- sandunan ƙarfafa 180-200 cm tsayi;
- bakin ciki na katako;
- baƙin ƙarfe;
- injin lantarki;
- rawar gona da guduma;
- karfe.
A cikin wuraren da aka sanya wuraren tallafi, ramuka mai zurfi na 35-45 cm ana yin su tare da taimakon rawar soja.Wannan an saka igirorin baƙin ƙarfe a cikinsu. Illarsungunan da aka shigar a cikin ramuka ana tura su cikin ƙasa tare da guduma. Ragowar voids tsakanin sanduna da ganuwar cikin rami suna cike da ƙasa kuma an cika su da ƙarfi.
Tallafaffen tallafi suna hade, suna kwanciya tare da babba a tsakninsu giciye a kwance, ana hada abubuwan karfe da walda ta lantarki.
Don kare tsarin daga tsatsa, duk abubuwa yakamata a tsaftace su dasu kuma tare da wani shinge na anti-lalata ko fenti mai.
Bayan sun gina tushen tsarin, sun matsa zuwa tsara gidan yanar gizo don kewaya. Don yin wannan, zaku iya amfani da waya mai ƙarfe, wanda aka jawo shi kawai tsakanin gicciye da ƙugiyoyi na ƙarfe waɗanda aka kora zuwa ƙasa. An sanya su a nesa na 15-20 cm daga kowane ɗayan bangarorin gadaje.
Don ƙirƙirar mafi dorewa, yana da daraja amfani da waya tare da kauri na akalla 2 mm. Don ƙirƙirar yanar gizo raga, an sanya waya a cikin layuka da yawa, ja tsakanin tallafi daga farawa daga 15-20 cm da kowane rabin mita. Layi na sama an fi dacewa da waya mai kauri (d = 3.5 mm), tunda zai ɗauki babban nauyin.
Karfe trellis wani nauyi ne mai nauyi, wanda ba shi da matsala don jujjuya shafin a kowane kakar wasa, tare da cimma nasarar samar da amfanin gona. Don sauƙaƙe aikinku a wurin shigarwa a cikin kakar mai zuwa, zaku iya dasa miyar wake ko gyada.
Zabi # 3 - goyan baya daga taya da ƙafafun rim
Don ƙirƙirar zaɓi na tsada-tsirin trellis, ana buƙatar taya taya da amfani. Za ta kasance "zuciya" na ƙirar. Mafi dacewa don wannan dalili shine taya daga babban jigilar kaya: tarakta, mai haɗakarwa ko jigilar kaya. Matsayi na goyon baya daga ɓangaren sama na tsarin za a yi shi ta hanyar keke, daga abin da ya wajaba don kwance dukkan mai magana da farko.
Saboda bayyanar da za a iya gabatarwa, tebur daga kan keken keke zai iya zama ya zama ainihin asalin aikin lambun a tsaye da kyawawan adon wurin.
Da farko dai, tare da taimakon nijjan, sun yanke taya tare. An yanke sashin da aka yanke a maimakon gadaje masu zuwa. An saka sandunan ƙarfe 2 tare da tsawo na 1.5-2 m a cikin tsakiyar da'irar, sanya su ta yadda tsarin yana da siffar bukka.
Sannan, a tsakiyar da'irar, wacce take a cikin bukka, kuma a cikin rami na taya da aka yanke, ƙara ƙasa mai daɗi.
Sarari da ya saura sama da ƙafafun dole ne "a ɓoye", an rufe shi da yanke daga tsohuwar burlap. An yanke gefen gefan, a ɓoye a ƙarƙashin taya da aka shimfiɗa a ƙasa, ta haka ne ya ba gadon gonar kyakkyawan yanayin.
A cikin ragawar burlap, an yanka ramuka masu yawa don dasa shuki a nesa nesa. Don kare m seedlings daga zazzabi hawa hawa, an jawo agrofibre tare da kewaye da makehift gadaje, dagawa shi kawai domin lokacin loosening da watering. Cire kayan sutura tare da burlap bayan cikakken tsiron ya girma ya kai tsayin 15 cm, kuma zazzabi da ke kewaye da shi ya yanke.
Don ƙirƙirar madaidaiciya, an sanya wata pole a tsakiyar gado zagaye, wanda aka saita ƙafafun keken tare da waya. Hanya mafi sauƙi don yin wannan ita ce wuce da waya ta rami don ramuka a ɓangarorin huɗu na rim ɗin sannan a ɗaura shi a saman sanda.
Don yin haƙarƙarin ya rage kawai a cire waya ta ramuka don allura a wurare da yawa, haɗa allon rim da gindin taya.
Lokacin da kokwamba tayi fure tare da ganye daga gefen wayar da aka shimfiɗa, trellis zai yi kama da alfarwar tantin.
