Hyacinth a cikin tukunya - kulawar fure

Hyacinth - fure mai bishiyar bishiyar asparagus, tare da ƙanshi mai daɗi. Wannan tsire-tsire ne na duniya wanda aka girma a cikin gidan da kan titi. Amma a cikin tukunya ba zai yi fure akai-akai ba: wannan mai yiwuwa ne kawai lokacin da aka watsa shi cikin ƙasa.

Me yasa hyacinths ke girma cikin tukwane

Furanni suna girma cikin tukwane da kuma filin saura.

Hyacinth fure ne mai fure wanda ke jujjuyawar hanzari wanda yake amsa halittar yanayi mai kyau ta hanyar fure mai kwari. Bayan haka, kwan fitila yana buƙatar hutawa, wanda in ba haka ba ana kiransa "rest state". A wannan lokacin, gabobin tsire-tsire suna farawa a ciki, wanda zai yi farin ciki da kyawunta don kakar mai zuwa. Waɗannan hanyoyin ne na halitta don dukkanin kwararan fitila, kuma hyacinth ba banda bane.

Amma a gida, zaku iya canza muryoyin halitta na shuka ku sami furanni masu kyau ta kwanan watan da ake so. Wannan aikin ana tilasta shi kuma ana kiransa "distillation." Zaɓuɓɓukanta guda biyu suna yiwuwa: a ruwa da ƙasa.

Dangane da lokacin da ake yin namo, an bambanta nau'ikan distillation uku:

• a farkon (a ƙarshen Disamba);
• tsakiyar-farkon (karbar furanni a tsakiyar lokacin hunturu);
• latti (fure a farkon bazara).

Mahimmanci! Kwan fitila zai iya samun ƙarfi don ƙarin fure kawai a cikin yanayin yanayi. Don yin wannan, an dasa shi cikin ƙasa. Kafin farkon sanyi, sun tono sannan suka canza zuwa gidan. Sa'an nan kuma ana iya amfani dashi don sake shuka ta wani takamaiman kwanan wata.

Lokacin sayar da hyacinths na fure, alamar lakabi tare da rubutu galibi a haɗe zuwa tukunya: bayan fure, jefa kwan fitila. Ta wannan hanyar, masu siyarwa suna sanar da cewa ba su iya samun fure a tukunyar ba. Don yin wannan, ci gaba daidai da bayanin kula da aka gabatar a sama: dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa a kan titi.

Mazauna biranen galibi suna hana wannan dama kuma basu san yadda ake shuka hyacinth da kyau ba. Ba za a iya watsar da kwan fitila ba, amma a dasa a ƙasa na gida, gida ko a kan kowane fure da kuke so. Wataƙila a ƙarshen kaka za ta ba da yara 1-2.

Kyakkyawan fure tilasta

Zaɓin ingantaccen kayan shuka yana da matukar muhimmanci ga fure mai nasara.

Nasarar distillation na hyacinths ya dogara ne akan iri-iri na shuka da kuma yadda aka zaɓi kwan fitila. An sanya bukatu da yawa akan kayan shuka.

Shirya kwan fitila

Domin hyacinth a cikin tukunya don fure, ya zama dole don shirya kwan fitila da kyau. Wannan kawai ya shafi zuriyar da aka haƙa daga ƙasa. Idan an sayi albasa a kan hanyar sadarwa, a bayyane yake an yarda cewa ya wuce duk matakan shiri da aka jera a ƙasa.

1. Kwararan fitila da aka yi amfani da amfanin gona an haife su a tsakiyar bazara. An tsabtace su da ƙasa kuma an kiyaye su tsawon kwanaki 14-15 a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai zafi a + 30 ° C.
2. Gaba, zazzabi ya ragu zuwa + 25 ° C kuma ana adana tsaba har tsawon makonni biyu.
3. Gaba kuma, har zuwa lokacin dasa shuki, ana ajiye kwararan fitila a + 17 ° C.

Lokacin sauka

Lokacin tushen kwan fitila shine makonni 6-10, ya danganta da iri da ingancin iri. Idan kana son girma furewa zuwa wani lokaci, suna kan jagora ta jerin lokutan da aka gwada dasu:

• furanni don farkon sabuwar shekara da Kirsimeti - dasa a farkon rabin Satumba;
• Maris 8 - a ƙarshen Oktoba.

Preparationasa shiri

Duk wani ƙananan kwantena sun dace da dasa shuki hyacinths: kofuna waɗanda filastik, faranti da aka zubar, zurfin tukwane, kwalba.

Don saukowa, kuna buƙatar takamaiman jerin kayan aiki da kayan aikin

1. 10-20 mm lokacin farin ciki magina an kafa shi a kasan. Zai iya zama ƙananan pebbles hade da yashi.
2. Na gaba, zuba wani yanki na ƙasa. Don namo hyacinths, ba za ku iya amfani da acidic ba. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine cakuda daidai gwargwado na ƙasa, turf da takin, yi ɗan yashi da peat. Hakanan zaka iya Mix daidai gwargwado peat da yashi. Wani zabin shine siyan ƙasa da aka shirya hadewa a cikin shago don masu lambu.
3. Ana zuba giram na 5-7 mm a kan madubin. Wannan shine kariya daga juyar da tushen wata shuka.

Saukowa

Don distillation, ana amfani da tukwane masu zurfi tare da tsayin 14 cm cm 7. A lokacin haɓaka, kwan fitila zai girma da tabbas zai iya haɓaka saman ƙasa. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar dasa shi a cikin babba na uku na tukunya, kuma ba a matakin gefuna ba.

Don dalilai na kasuwanci, hyacinth suna girma cikin ƙananan kwalaye, amma kowane kwan fitila yana cikin sel daban.

Tsarin saukar da ƙasa ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa:

• kwan fitila da aka matse shi da sauƙi a cikin ƙasa tare da ƙasa (kada a jefa shi a ciki!);
• yafa masa ƙasa don haka sashin na kwan fitila ya zama kyauta, an zana shi sama da ƙasa.
• ingmis. dust dust dust dust of parting per

Hankali! Idan aka dasa kwararan fitila da yawa a lokaci daya, bai kamata su kasance suna hulɗa da juna ba. A lokaci guda, saitin ya kamata ya zama cike maƙil. Kyakkyawan nesa tsakanin su shine 2-2.5 cm.

Lokacin Rooting

Bayan an dasa fure a cikin tukunya, to lallai yana buƙatar tsawon lokaci. Ana samar da halaye masu zuwa a wannan lokacin:

• cikakken karancin haske;
• yawan zafin jiki + 5-7 ° C;
• zafi na yau da kullun.

A lokacin rooting, suna saka idanu a koyaushe cewa ƙasa a cikin tanki tana da danshi sau da ƙafa. Ba a yarda da bushewa ba. Don manufar tawaya da kuma kayan miya, ana shayar da ƙasa da sinadarin permanganate potassium kuma an yayyafa shi da itacen ash. Tsawon lokacin hutun shine watanni 2-2.5.

Wurin ajiya na tukwane:

• ƙananan shiryayye na firiji;
• sanyi loggia;
• ginshiki ko cellar;
• gareji.

Sauran lokutan in ba haka ba ana kiransu "sanyi." Wannan mataki ne na wajibi a kan aiwatar da tilasta furannin kwan fitila.

Mataki na ƙarshe na distillation

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Bayan watanni biyu bayan dasa shuki, sai suka fara bincika akai-akai ko tsiron ya bayyana. Da zaran sun kai tsawo na 2-2.5 cm, tukwanen ƙwayar suna ɗaukar wuri mai sanyi da haske. Mafi kyau duka - a kan windowsill. Anan fure yakamata ya kasance cikin watan gaba. A cikin makon farko bayan ƙarshen lokacin sanyi, yana da kyau a rufe tukwane da filafin takarda.

Hankali! A wannan lokacin girma, yawan zafin jiki kada ya wuce + 15 ° C.

A ƙarshen wannan matakin, buds sun bayyana kuma an canja tukunyar zuwa wurin da koyaushe za ta kasance. Sannan suna tsammanin farkon farawar fure. Hyacinths bai yi haƙuri da wuce haddi danshi, don haka kuna buƙatar ruwa akai akai, amma a cikin matsakaici.

Tilastawa cikin ruwa

Don samun fure na “ruwa” har zuwa lokacin shuka, sai su bi matakai iri ɗaya kamar lokacin girma cikin tukunya. Yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi tanadin ruwan da ya dace. Ya kamata irin wannan cewa kwan fitila bai nitse cikin ruwa ba, amma ya zo tare da shi tare da ,ashinsa, tushen sa. Don cimma nasarar wannan, zaku iya amfani da na'urori daban-daban. Gilashin tabo sune zaɓi mai kyau.

Ruwa ya zama mai tsabta: ruwan sama ko tace. Dole a shigar da akwati tare da takarda mai duhu kuma a aika da shi zuwa wuri mai sanyi don lokacin sanyi ya wuce. Duk wannan lokacin suna saka idanu akan matakin ruwa kuma suna jera shi a kan kari. Bayan tushen farko ya bayyana, ƙara taki. Misali, "Kornevin."

Yadda za a zabi kyakkyawan shuka, mai lafiya a cikin shagon

Furanni da aka saya a cikin gidan adon suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, waɗanda wani lokacin ba za a iya ba su a gida ba.

Nasarar girma hyacinth a cikin tukunya kai tsaye ya dogara da ingancin iri. Don guje wa kurakurai, ana bada shawarar waɗannan ka'idodi masu zuwa.

1. Kwararan fitila tare da diamita na akalla 50 mm ana amfani da su don distillation. Idan hyacinths sun girma a gonar, ƙaramin zuriya ya dace.
2. Ya danganta da iri-iri, matsakaicin matsakaicin ikon fitarwa na kwararan fitila don yin hyacinth a cikin tukunya shine 40-60 mm.

Abubuwan buƙatu don bayyanar da ingancin zuriyar:

• rashin lalacewa da lalacewar inzali;
• farfajiya mai santsi;
• rashin halayen lalacewa ta hanyar kwari da cututtuka;
• wuya a taɓa tsarin.

Mahimmanci! Babban ma'aunin don zaɓin hyacinth don girma a cikin tukunya shine rabo na diamita na kwan fitila da ƙasan ta. Ya kamata ya zama 1.5-1.6: 1. Don ƙarancin da bai dace ba, wannan rabo ya fi ƙanƙanta.

Sayi wani fure da aka kawo gida, yadda za'a kula dashi?

Yawancin lokaci ana yin hyacinths hyacinths, amma wannan doka ba ta shafi tsire-tsire da aka saya a cikin shagunan lambu ba

Ana iya siyan dabbar hyacinth a kowane lokaci na shekara. Idan babu niyyar tura shi nan da nan don distillation, to, an sanya shi a cikin wuri mai sanyi don ajiya a zazzabi na 6-9 ° C. Wannan zai dakatar da ayyukan ci gaba da shigo cikin lokaci mai wahala. Idan an sayi kwan fitila a cikin tukunya, an sanya shi cikin wuri mai cike da wuta don distillation.

Shin darajan sake sarrafawa daga tukunyar kantin sayar da kayayyaki

Game da ko ya kamata a dasa hyacinth daga tukunyar kantin sayar da abinci, ra'ayoyin lambu sun bambanta. Wasu sun yi imani da cewa ba a ke so a cutar da wata fure tare da dasawa. Wasu ba su ga wata haɗari ga shuka a wannan aikin ba. Domin yanke shawarar abin da zai biyo baya, tantance halin da sigogi da yawa:

• yanayin fure: tushen fitila, akwai tsiro, fure;
• Girman tukunya;
• abin da za a yi da shuka bayan ya lalace.

Mafi sau da yawa, ana sayar da hyacinth a cikin mafi kyawun gabatarwarsu: fure. A wannan yanayin, ana dasa kwararan fitila a cikin wannan ƙananan kwantena cewa ƙasa kusan ba a iya gani. Shuka tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayi yana tallafawa ta hanyar shayar da sinadarai. Da zarar wannan tsari ya tsaya, fure na iya mutuwa. Saboda haka, don adana ran fure, hyacinth bayan sayan dole ne a watsa shi cikin tukunya da ƙasa, ko da kuwa yana fure ko a'a. Idan aka sayo shi a cikin kwandon tare da isasshen adadin keɓaɓɓun, zai fi kyau mu guji dasawa. Bayan hyacinth ya fadada, sai an lullube kwan fitila kuma a tura su huta.

Gas Hyacinth Yanayin Yanayi

Kokarin kada a sanya hyacinth akan windows windows, inda akwai yuwuwar faduwar rashin ruwa daga batirin dumama

An sanya tukunyar hyacinth a kowane wuri mai haske, mai dumi. Kusancin da ba a so shi don kayan girke-girke: radiators da yawancin heater. Don ciyayi na al'ada, shuka yana da isasshen zazzabi.

A lokacin toho yana toshe haske, za'a iya haskaka hyacinth a maraice ta fitila ko wutar fitila. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don fure shine 20 ° C. Watering ya kamata ya zama matsakaici amma akai akai. Karku bar ƙasa ta bushe. Yana da mahimmanci a hana ruwa shigowa ɓangaren ɓangaren kwan fitila da sinadarin ganye.

Sabili da haka, ana ƙara ruwa a gefen tukunyar. Wannan zai haifar da lalacewa a hankali wanda ya canza shi. Don guje wa wannan, gangariyar tare da furanni tana lokaci-lokaci tana juyawa. Hakanan yana da amfani ga akwati na shuka yayi girma a mike. Idan ya cancanta (idan ƙasa ba ta samar da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki), takin tare da takin ma'adinai mai yiwuwa ne.

Ana la'akari da yanayin da ke sama masu kyau don girma hyacinth a cikin tukunya. Amma koyaushe ba zai yiwu a samar da su ba. Koyaya, kada ku damu da wannan: hyacinth shi ne wanda ba a bayyana shi ba kuma tabbas zai yi fure a ɗakin zazzabi da kuma hasken dakin daki.

Abin da kula don samar da hyacinth bayan fure

Masu noman fure ba su da masaniyar abin da za a yi da hyacinth bayan ya lalace. Duk abin ya dogara ne ko kuna da niyyar samun wata cikakkiyar shuka daga wannan kwan fitila. In ba haka ba, an tono fure ya ƙafe. Amma zaka iya yin in ba haka ba: tono kwan fitila kuma tura shi cikin gonar. A nan za ta huta kuma ta ba da sabon furanni, ƙarƙashin kulawar da ta dace.

Idan akwai wata niyya ta shiga cikin haihuwar da kuma kara inganta hyacinths, ci gaba kamar haka.

1. Lokacin da shuka ya bushe, yanke fure.
2. Ci gaba da yin matsakaiciyar shayarwa da miya mai ɗumi har sai ganye sun rage akan gangar jikin an wilted. A wannan lokacin, kwanyar za ta yi girma a hankali girma kuma bayyanar yara zai yiwu.
3. Na gaba, an cire kwan fitila daga ƙasa kuma a tsabtace na ganyayyaki. Idan akwai yara, raba su.
4. Wadancan kwararan fitila da suka lalace bayan distillation basu dace da sake amfani da su ba. Amma ana iya dasa su a ƙasa a cikin ciyawar fure ko a gonar.

Matsakaicin "rayuwa" na kwararan fitila hyacinth shine shekaru 10. Duk wannan lokacin suna ba da furanni tare da adadin 1 a cikin shekaru 1-2.

Saukowa

Hkacinth kwararan fitila ana shuka su ne kawai lokacin da suke son samun fure mai ban mamaki.

A matsakaita, hyacinths yayi fure 1.5-2 makonni. A mataki na ƙarshe, ana lura da bushewar farfajiyar ganye da ganyayyaki. Daga wannan lokacin, a hankali an rage yawan ruwa kuma an dakatar da shi gaba ɗaya bayan fure ya bushe.

Hankali! Ba za ku iya yanke babban taro da furanni ba kafin su bushe, tunda a wannan lokacin akwai fitar abinci mai narkewa a cikin kwan fitila.

'Ya'yan kwan fitila da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa ana zazzabi da 20-30 ° C. Mafi kyawun lokacin shine farkon farkon kaka. Za'ayi saukar da ƙasa zuwa zurfin 10-12 cm akan m kasa mai nauyi da kuma 12-15 cm akan sako-sako da haske.

1. Kafa rijiyar da ya dace.
2. Zuba 1-2 cm daga yashi a ƙasan.
3. Nisa tsakanin kwararan fitila shine 8-9 cm.
4. Kafin sanyi rufe saitin shafin 10 cm tare da Layer na ciyawa.

Cutar da kwari

Kamar kowane shuka, wannan fure na iya shafar wasu cututtuka da kwari. Mafi yawan lokuta lokacin girma hyacinths a cikin tukwane, ana samun waɗannan masu zuwa.

Raunin ƙwayoyin cuta rawaya

Tare da cutar, ana shafa ganyen shuka, sannan kuma kwararan fitila (orchid a cikin hoto)

Cutar tana haɗuwa da ƙwayar wutar lantarki daga kwan fitila, ƙanshi mara wari, dakatar da ci gaban shuka. A matakin farko na shan kashi tare da rawaya mai rawaya, aibobi masu launin toka sun bayyana akan ganyayyaki.

Parasitic apical rot

Cutar ana lalacewa ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta na pathogenic a cikin ƙasa masu gurbatawa. Alamomin cutar:

• launin ruwan kasa mara tsabta akan furanni da ganye;
• nasihun ganye an rufe su da mycelium, mai bakin ciki da lalacewa;
• rot da tushen.

Tsarin lalata yana hanzarta haɓaka tare da ƙara yawan zafin jiki.

Musa

Bar farko gobble, sa'an nan kuma gaba shuka

Da alama launin kore masu duhu suna bayyana akan ganye da furanni. Yankunan da aka shafa sun fara juya launin rawaya da bushe. Shuka tsiro yana raguwa. Zai yiwu mutuwa.

Grey rot

Tushen launin toka yana haifar da mutuwar kwararan fitila (hoton hoton bulb bulus ne)

Mafi yawanci yana shafan tsire-tsire a farkon girma. Cutar ana saninsa da samuwar rawaya shuɗi, wanda sannu-sannu ya haɓaka da girman launin fata. Pretty da sauri, tushen rot yana farawa. Itace ta mutu.

Karin kwari

Ofaya daga cikin parasites na hyacinths shine ƙwayoyin taba.

Lokacin da girma a waje, kwari mafi haɗari ga hyacinths sune aphids da thrips. Suna ɗaukar ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga tsire-tsire, wanda ke haifar da bushewar furanni da ganye. Don hana lalacewa, ana fitar da spray tare da acid. Mafi inganci "Fitoverm", "Akarin", "Accord".

Shuke-shuke da aka girma a cikin tukwane da filayen buɗewa na iya wahala daga nematodes. Wadannan nau'ikan cututtukan suna da nau'i biyu: tushe da mai ɗanɗano. Mafi sau da yawa, ana gano waɗanda ke farawa da ɓoye kan kowane ɓangaren tsire-tsire, ƙasa da ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, kwararan fitila sun yi laushi, ci gaban hyacinth a hankali ya tsaya.

Babu wasu matakan tsattsauran ra'ayi don magance wadannan cututtukan. A kan tallace-tallace akwai kawai magani don abin da nematodes suna da hankali - Fitoverm. Ana amfani dashi azaman maganin warkewa da wakili. Kafin dasa shuki a kan ƙasa, ana zuba foda tare da farin ciki na wannan shiri kuma an cakuda shi da ƙasa zuwa zurfin aƙalla 15 cm.

Matsaloli masu yuwu lokacin girma hyacinths: tebur

Tebur mai yiwuwa kuskure yayin girma hyacinths a cikin tukunya da kuma yadda za'a gyara su zasu taimaka wa maɓallin farawa.

Hyacinth yaduwa a gida

A cikin yanayi, hyacinth yana yaduwa daga yara. Haka kuma, kwararan fitila suna haɓaka su na dogon lokaci: shekaru 3-5. Don dalilai na fili, don kiwo gida, wannan hanyar ba ta da amfani. A tsawon shekaru zaɓi na furanni albasa, an samo hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa don haifuwar su:

• ta hanyar tsaba;
• yara
• yanke;
• yankan kasa;
• watsa kwan fitila (yaduwa da sikeli).

Mafi yawan aiki da cin lokaci shine farkon hanyar haifuwa: ta tsaba. Ana amfani dashi sau da yawa idan kuna son samun furanni masu yawan gaske, wanda kwararan fitila basa kan siyarwa.

Sake haifuwa ta yara

Sake bugun yara shine mafi sauki.

Babban inganci, hanyar da aka saba amfani dashi. M saboda dalilai da yawa:

• an samo fure na farko a shekara ta uku bayan dasa shuki;
• duk halaye na mahaifiyar shuka an gada;
• babban rayuwa kudi.

Starfafawar samuwar yara ana faruwa ne ta hanyar bijirowa ta hanyar ɓoye ƙarshen kwarin mahaifar.

Yankan

An girbe yankan itace lokacin girbin ganye.

1. Zaɓi ganye tare da riƙewa kuma yanke shi kusa da tushe na shuka yadda zai yiwu.
2. Ana magance wannan yanki tare da maganin maye gurbi da haɓaka ƙwayoyi masu haɓaka.
3. Dasa a cikin kwantena tare da keɓaɓɓun ko a ƙarƙashin fim.

Bayan makonni 3-4, tushen yakan faru. Bayan kwanaki 50-60, saiwoyin farkon sabuwar shuka suka bayyana. A cikin farkon shekaru biyu, kwan fitila ba a haƙa ba, an barsu zuwa hunturu a ƙarƙashin lokacin farin ciki na ciyawa.

Yankan kasa

Wannan hanyar zai fi dacewa ta amfani da kwararrun 'yan lambu.

Tare da wannan hanyar haifuwa, ana amfani da manyan kwararan fitila. Jerin ayyukan kuwa kamar haka:

• wanke iri daga sharan gona.
• dage farawa don bushewa na kwanaki 5-7;
• tare da wuka mai kaifi, a yanka kasan kwararan fitila domin a samu rami na conical;
• wurin yankewa a kan kwan fitila da yanke ƙasa an kula da shi da maganin kashe kuɗaɗen fata (zaku iya amfani da gawayi da ƙura);
• an yanke gangar jikin daga gefen kuma an rufe shi da filastik.

Firsta firstan farko da ke da girman 5-10 mm sun bayyana bayan watanni 2-3. Idan yawan zafin jiki na iska ya ba da damar (ba ƙasa da + 30 ° С) ba, zai yuwu ku iya sauka a cikin ƙasa.

Albasa dissection

Wannan hanyar yaduwa na bukatar manyan kwararan fitila. Yin amfani da wuka mai kaifi, an kasu kashi 5-6. Kowane yanki ana rarraba shi zuwa sikeli. Duk sassan ana kulawa da su tare da mai maganin maye. Sakamakon iri ana adana shi a cikin jaka a filastik. A wata na fari a zazzabi na + 20-25 ° C, a cikin na biyu - + 17-20 ° C.

Idan ana so, zaku iya shuka kyawawan hyacinths a cikin tukunya a gida. Wannan zai taimaka cikakkun bayanai game da kowane mataki na shirye-shiryen da shuka iri, kula da tsirrai.