Gooseberries ne mai kyau old amfanin gona Berry girma a kusan kowane lambu. Duk da rinjaye ra'ayi game da unpretentiousness na wannan shrub, gooseberries fiye da sauran amfanin gona Berry fama da cututtuka da kwari. Kawai tare da rigakafin cututtuka na yau da kullun a cikin lokacin girma shine shuka zai farantawa amfanin gona cikakke. A farkon alamar rashin lafiya ko hari na kwari, shuka yana buƙatar ƙarin matakan sarrafawa.
Cututtuka da kwari masu haɗari ga gooseberries
Gooseberries suna mai saukin kamuwa da cututtukan masu zuwa:
- powdery mildew;
- scab;
- guzberi anthracnose;
- tabo ko septoria;
- ɗan tsatsa;
- launin toka rot;
- wilting verticillus;
- guzberi Musa;
- lasisi.
Gudaberi feshin
Kwari masu cutarwa ga gooseberries:
- sawfly (sawfly);
- asu guzberi;
- sikelin garkuwa;
- harba aphid;
- asu guzberi;
- gizo-gizo mite;
- koda currant kaska;
- gilashin currant;
- currant gall Midge.
Abin da ke barazanar shuka idan ba a bi da shi ba
Lokaci mai dacewa da ingantaccen kariya na gooseberries daga kwari da cututtuka suna ba ka damar samun girbi mai kyau. In ba haka ba, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana raguwa sosai. Dukan amfanin gona na iya mutuwa, kuma tare da lalata lalacewa, har ma da shuka gaba ɗaya. Daga cikin cututtukan, mildew powdery shine mafi haɗari, kuma daga cikin kwari - asu da sawfly.
Maganin Guzberi
Kulawa da rigakafin cututtuka da kwari ya kamata ya fara a farkon bazara. Wannan yana da matukar muhimmanci saboda cutar ta fi sauƙi a hana yin amfani da ita daga baya. A lokacin rani, ana gudanar da aikin fure guzberi kwatankwacin matakin ciyayi:
- kafin kumburi da kodan;
- a lokacin kumburin koda;
- yayin budadawa (kafin fure);
- nan da nan bayan fure.
Nau'in jiyya na shuka, kwatancensu da umarnin don amfani
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don magance kwari da cututtuka. Kowane lambu ya kamata ya yanke shawara yadda za a bi da bushes guzberi a cikin bazara daga kwari da cututtuka.
Zuba ruwan zãfi
Watering tafasa guzberi bushes a farkon bazara kafin tashi da kumburi da kodan shi ne m hanya. Wannan hanya ce mai tasiri wacce ba a sarrafawa don sarrafa kwari da cututtuka, wanda baya buƙatar farashi mai yawa.
Yana da mahimmanci a sani! Scalping na shrubs za a iya za'ayi kawai a restative vegetative. Idan kodan ta kyankyashe, ruwan tafasa zai lalata su.
Busassun an zubda su da ruwan zãfi daga ruwa mai narkewa tare da zartar da bututun ko kuma a hannu sau ɗaya. Ba shi yiwuwa a murƙushe sassan ƙasa na daji daga guga, akwai babban haɗarin lalacewar kodan da harbe-harben matasa. Athasan da ke ƙasa da kewayen kurmi ma an ƙone ta don lalata dukkan kwari, ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta da gangunan da suka mamaye ganyayyaki da suka faɗo a cikin ciyawar ƙasa. Ruwan zafi sosai yayin aiki kada ya faɗi a kan tushen wuyansa da harbe waɗanda ke a matakin ƙasa. Wannan na iya haifar da mutuwar shuka.
Zuba tafasasshen ruwa a kan gooseberries a farkon bazara
Gudanar da bushes ta wannan hanya yana lalata ƙwayoyin cuta da kwari a farkon farkon lokacin girma, yana hana fashewar cututtuka da mamayewar kwari a lokacin kakar. Za a iya aiwatar da zubar ruwan zafi a cikin bazara, bayan faduwar ganye. Hanyar tana da ƙaunar muhalli.
Sulphate spraying
Fesawa tare da jan karfe na tagulla (sulfate na tagulla, sulfate na tagulla) ana yinsa ne don magance milyw powdery, scab da anthracnose guzberi. Ana narkar da foda a cikin ruwa mai dumi a cikin kwanar gilashi don dalilai marasa abinci, an lalata shi zuwa kashi uku cikin taro a cikin kwandon filastik.
Kula! Karfe da kayan masarufi basu dace da saduwa da mafita ba, sakamakon yadda sinadarai ke faruwa. Ana amfani da busassun busassun dabino tare da tsabtace ingantaccen abu a farkon lokacin bazara har sai an buɗe buds.
Bordeaux ruwa magani
Ana aiwatar da ruwa Gooseberries Bordeaux ruwa yana gudana don kare shi daga tsatsa, scab, anthracnose da kowane irin tabo. Don shirya samfurin, ana amfani da abubuwa guda biyu: quicklime da sulfate na karfe. Sanya shi daya ko uku. Ana buƙatar akwatunan ƙarfe uku da ƙarfe mara nauyi. A cikin ɗayan, ana hada sinadarin tagulla a cikin ruwan dumi. A ɗayan, suna kashe kullun ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi, tace shi ta hanyar gauze ko masana'anta nailan. Sa'an nan kuma an gabatar da maganin maganin tagulla a cikin madara na lemun tsami tare da rafi na bakin ciki, yana motsa ci gaba.
Bordeaux ruwa shiri
Don shirya bayani na 1-3%, 100-300 g na sulfate jan karfe da 150-400 g na quicklime, ana buƙatar 10 l na ruwa.
Informationarin bayani! Rage Bordeaux ruwa ba za a iya diluted da ruwa.
Ana amfani da busassun busassun a ko'ina cikin busassun yanayi da zafi tare da sabon ruwa mai dumbin yawa a lokutan girma:
- a farkon lokacin bazara (Afrilu) da kuma ƙarshen fall (Nuwamba) - maganin kashi uku;
- a ƙarshen bazara (Mayu), bazara (Yuli) da farkon kaka (Satumba) - maganin kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa abun da ke ciki ya faɗo a kan ƙananan da ƙananan bangarorin ganye. Aikin guzberi a lokacin rani ana yin shi ne kawai bayan an dauko berries.
Nitrofen jiyya
Wata hanyar magance cututtuka da kwari shine maganin nitrafen. Wannan ingantaccen tsarin aikin magani ne. Za'a fitar da ruwa don kare kai daga kwari masu cutarwa, haka kuma daga scab, anthracnose da kowane irin tabo. Suna aiwatar da rassa, a cikin daji da ƙasa gaba ɗaya.
Nitrafen - wata hanya ce ta duniya don yafawa
Ana amfani da magani na rigakafin a cikin Maris-Afrilu, kafin ya fara aiki na ruwan safara. Feshi tare da maganin kashi biyu ko uku (200-300 g manna akan 10 l na ruwa) sau ɗaya kowace shekara uku.
Nitrafen yana da tasirin sakamako akan ƙwai da larvae na kwari waɗanda suke cikin matakan hunturu. Don lalata kamuwa da cuta, ya isa ya fesa ƙasa kusa da bushes sau ɗaya. An adana abu a cikin ƙasa don watanni 1-2.
Ya kamata ku sani! Nitrafen yana da guba sosai ga mutane, dabbobi, tsuntsaye, kifi, ƙudan zuma, da sauran kwari. Ba za a yarda cewa abu ya shiga ruwa ba, amfani da amfanin gona da ke ɗauke da magani.
Urea jiyya
Urea (urea) shine takin nitrogen. A lokacin da bazara spraying gooseberries tare da bayani na urea (500 g da lita 10 na ruwa), kwari barci bayan hunturu mutu, musamman aphids. Gardenerswararrun lambu shawara shawara urea a watan Nuwamba, tare da yayyafa rassan da m spillage na kasar gona a kusa da shrubs.
Kula da ilimin halittu
Wani madadin sinadarai shine wakilan halittu. Sun dogara ne akan rayayyun halittu. Babu lafiya ga mutane da dabbobi, kada ku cutar da ƙwayar kwari da kuma muhalli. An yi amfani da samfuran halitta cikin nasara don magani da rigakafin cututtukan biyu da kwari. Wadannan sun hada da: Fitosporin-M, Alirin-B, Pentafag-S, Trichophytum, Bitoxybaxicillin, Mikosan. Mafi mashahuri shine Fitosporin.
Fitosporin - samfurin shahararren masanin halitta
Tushen wannan ƙwayoyin cuta shine ƙwayoyin ƙasa na hay na bacillus, wanda ke hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. Samfurin ya yi tasiri sosai akan ƙwayoyin cuta, daskararru, scab, mildew powdery, tsatsa da sauran cututtukan fungal da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Tare da taimakon miyagun ƙwayoyi, yana yiwuwa ba kawai don magance cututtukan guzberi, amma don samar da rigakafin. Yadda za a magance gooseberries?
Ana liƙa liƙa a cikin ruwa mai dumi a cikin kwalin gilashi (100 g da 0.5 l na ruwa), ƙara aya ɗaya na kowane takaddun hadaddun ruwa (ya ƙunshi ma'adanai waɗanda suka dace don haɓaka hay na bacillus) da kuma nace a cikin duhu na akalla kwanaki biyar. Farin farin ya kamata ya samar da saman ruwan magani, wanda ke nuni da shirye-shiryen samfurin don amfani. A jiko za'a iya adanar watanni da yawa a ɗakin zazzabi, da kaddarorin masu amfani ba su canzawa.
Kula! Don shirya bayani don aiki dauki 3 tbsp. l ruwan da aka riga aka shirya an ƙara shi da 10 l na ruwa. An fesa bushes guzberi da ƙasa a kusa da su an zubar nan da nan bayan farko na alamun cutar. Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin yanayin bushe, zai fi dacewa bayan faɗuwar rana.
Don hana kamuwa da cuta, magani ɗaya ya isa. Koyaya, idan alamun cutar sun bayyana, to, zai fi kyau a gudanar da jiyya da yawa tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 10-14.
Magungunan Magunguna
Yanzu a kasuwa akwai manyan zaɓi na magunguna don lura da bushes bushes:
- Magungunan kashe qwari (kwayoyi don lalata kwari, larvae da caterpillars): Actellik, Antitlin, Kemifos, Karate Zeon, Walƙiya, Sensei, Gladiator, Breter da sauransu.
- Fungicides (magunguna don magance cututtukan fungal): Topaz, Fundazole, Kaptan, Phthalan, Khometsin, HOM, sulfate jan karfe, cakuda Bordeaux da sauransu.
Chemical
Dole ne a yi amfani dasu daidai da shawarwarin akan marufin. Ana aiwatar da aiki a bushe, yanayin kwanciyar hankali da sanyin safiya ko yamma.
Mahimmanci! Magungunan da ke cikin sinadarai yawanci mai guba ne. Sabili da haka, yayin aiki, ana amfani da kayan kariya na sirri: sutura ta musamman, safofin hannu na roba, mai numfashi ko abin rufe fuska. Yi matakan da suka wajaba don kare kai daga harin sunadarai.
Magungunan magungunan gargajiya
Jiyya na gooseberries daga mildew powdery, ba mai guba ga mutane, ana aiwatar da su ta hanyar magungunan jama'a bisa ga girke-girke masu zuwa:
- 1 ml na aidin da lita 1 na ruwa;
- 1 tbsp. l soda ash a lita 10 na ruwa mai soapy;
- 1 lita na iya ash a cikin lita 10 na ruwa mai soapy;
- jiko na taki rotted - 1 ɓangare na taki, 3 sassan ruwa.
Magungunan magungunan kwari don maganin kwari:
- jiko na tafarnuwa: 200-300 g na tafarnuwa mai yankakken (ko harbe tafarnuwa) nace awanni da yawa cikin 10 l na ruwa, iri;
- jiko albasa: 200 g na albasa husks, 10 l na ruwa, nace na kwana biyar.
- jiko na fi tumatir ko dankali: 1.5 kilogiram na fi, 10 l na ruwa, nace awa 3-4.
Suna yin gwagwarmaya ta hanyar inzali tare da kashin koda na koda: suna cire manyan cututtukan da abin ya shafa daga daji a farkon lokacin girma.
Mafi kyau don kare gooseberries daga cututtuka da kwari
Mene ne hanya mafi kyau don kare gooseberries? Yadda za a fesa gooseberries a cikin bazara daga kwari da cututtuka? A takaice:
Scab
Daidai fasahar aikin gona. Hanyoyin madadin: jiko na ash ash, soda ash bayani tare da sabulu mai ruwa, maganin asfirin tare da yin burodi soda, tansy decoction da sauransu. Chemicals: sulfate na jan karfe, ruwa na Bordeaux, Nitrafen, Skor, Rayek, DNOC, Arsenite da sauransu. Samfuran halitta: Fitosporin-M.
Powdery mildew
Hanyar madadin: jiko ko kayan ado na katako, maganin soda ash tare da sabulu mai ruwa da sauransu. Chemicals: Topaz, HOM, Topsin, Vectra, Rayek, Nitrafen, Bordeaux ruwa, vitriol da sauransu. Samfuran halittu: Fitosporin-M, Alirin-B.
Lichen
Proper mai kyau da kuma kullun. Yin aiki da rassa tare da Nitrafen (kafin farkon kwararar ruwan). Tsabtace injina na rassan tare da zane mai taushi, disinfection tare da bayani na 1% na sulfate jan karfe ko kuma 3% maganin baƙin ƙarfe sulfate.
Kyakkyawan kula da gooseberries
Aphids
Hanyoyin madadin: jiko na ash tare da sabulu, jiko na tafarnuwa, ƙwayar mustard foda, maganin soda tare da aidin da sabulu mai ruwa, mai rauni na vinegar, garin Coca-Cola mai narkewa da sauransu. Chemicals: Fufanon, BI-58, Aktara da sauransu. Samfuran halitta: Fitoverm.
Gall aphid
Al'adar guzberi ba ta da illa ga gall aphids.
Harbi aphid
Yin yãƙi tururuwa. Yawancin shahararrun hanyoyin: ta amfani da aidin, soda, vinegar, tar, tsire-tsire masu kamshi da ƙyamar pungent da makamantansu. Chemicals: Aktara, Confidor-extra, Fufanon, Karbofos, Spark Bio da sauransu. Samfuran halitta: Fitoverm.
Koda currant kaska
Mekanin na injuna na fure da rassa, kona su. Hanyoyin madadin (jiyya 2-3 a wata). Chemical sunadarai: decoction lemun tsami da sulfur, ether sulfonate, tedion. Wakilan halittu: Boverin, Akarin, Fitoverm.
Garkuwa
Yanke da kone rassan da suka lalace. Sauran hanyoyin: jiko na kerosene, jiko na ganye irin goro. Chemical Kemikal: DNOC.
Wuta
Regular na inji na kwaro na kwari. Hanyar madadin: bayani ash, bayani na sabulu ƙura, jiko na tumatir ko dankali, jiko na mustard foda da sauransu. Chemicals: Karate, Spark, Kinmix da sauransu. Kayayyakin halittu: Entobacterin, Lepidocide, Bitoxibacillin.
Ganyayyaki
Hanyar Folk: jiko na ash, jiko na danshi mai saurin kamuwa, jiko na maganin chamomile, jiko na tumatir ko dankali, jiko na allurai Pine da sauransu. Chemicals: Spark, Decis, Aktara, Karbofos, Kinmiks da sauransu.
Idan lambu ne m ga yanayin na guzberi shuke-shuke, yarda da aikin gona da fasaha na al'adu, daukawa fitar da rigakafin cutar da yaƙi da kwari kwari, guzberi lalle ne, haƙĩƙa yalwatacce girbi. A cikin arsenal na lambu sune hanyoyin zamani don magance cututtuka da kwari, ka'idodi da girke-girke na mutane, na gwada lokaci.
